Club Certificate2025
TEBAITA-TB25
FEDERAZIONE ITALIANA VELA
Distr.:UVAI  www.uvai.it
Tel. + 39068841273
E-mail  segreteria@uvai.it
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles42.3°42.3°40.1°38.4°36.7°36.7°36.7°37.5°39.5°
Beat VMG2.263.093.724.184.444.514.554.544.43
52°3.494.655.435.896.136.236.296.346.33
60°3.694.875.616.026.286.426.496.586.60
75°3.825.005.726.136.446.696.847.027.11
90°3.654.915.776.266.576.767.057.437.67
110°3.644.905.786.296.737.147.508.018.50
120°3.464.715.626.186.637.087.558.689.77
135°3.024.185.135.896.346.797.248.4711.63
150°2.463.554.535.375.996.406.827.739.76
Run VMG2.123.073.944.685.395.896.287.028.45
Gybe Angles148.4°148.4°152.8°155.9°164.2°172.7°177.2°176.2°139.1°
APH ToD:640.2CDL: 6.795APH ToT: 0.9372CertNo:25/1
BOAT
ClassFarr 740DesignerFarrBuilderCBZAge date06/1984Series date06/1980Offset fileFAR740CL.OFFData fileTB25
HULL
Length Overall7.345 mMaximum Beam2.442 mDraft1.616 mDisplacement1,362 kgDLR4.8162IMS DivisionSportboatDynamic Allowance0.170%Age Allowance0.487%
PROPELLER
InstallationNo PropellerTypeN/ADiameterN/A
CREW
Maximum weight350 kg(declared)Minimum weight220 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerNoCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail18.2818.72Headsail Luffed15.5615.56Headsail FlyingSymmetric36.4336.43Asymmetric
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail5.43Storm Jib3.51Heavy Weather Jib9.46
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails5
✱ One set on the forestay
Spinnakers4
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
Club Certificate2025
TEBAITA-TB25
FEDERAZIONE ITALIANA VELA
Distr.:UVAI  www.uvai.it
Tel. + 39068841273
E-mail  segreteria@uvai.it
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG1592.71166.6968.3861.0811.5797.5791.3792.9813.2
52°1032.7774.4662.8611.4586.9577.4572.7567.6568.6
60°974.7739.4641.7597.9573.1560.7554.6546.7545.3
75°942.9719.9629.1587.3559.4538.5526.2513.0506.3
90°986.8733.7623.6575.5547.6532.3510.8484.3469.2
110°989.0734.5623.3572.4534.9504.4480.0449.6423.4
120°1040.6764.2640.3583.0542.8508.1476.6414.7368.5
135°1193.7861.7701.9611.1567.4530.5497.1424.9309.6
150°1463.21014.4794.0670.3600.7562.1528.1465.9368.8
Run VMG1697.81171.4914.2768.6668.2611.1573.5512.9425.9
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward1642.71169.0941.2814.8739.8704.3682.4652.9619.6
All purpose1240.6902.9745.9663.7617.1591.4571.9542.3511.4
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward779.20.7700
All purpose640.20.9372
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium636.90.9420
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High565.71.0607
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1055.00.5687
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium772.70.7765
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High676.80.8865
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance694.40.8641
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium636.90.9420
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High565.71.0607
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1055.00.5687
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium772.70.7765
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High676.80.8865
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1747.61169.2888.0741.0655.9613.7577.7514.4483.1
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.6786
Downwind "popa"0.8046
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.7121
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.7622
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium636.90.9420
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High565.71.0607
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1055.00.5687
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium772.70.7765
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High676.80.8865
Predominantly Upwind690.90.8684
Predominantly Downwind653.40.9183
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low824.40.7278
Triple Number AP Medium637.00.9419
Triple Number AP High565.71.0607
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1101.50.5447
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium772.70.7765
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High676.80.8865
Single Number Predominant Upwind717.20.8365
Single Number Predominant Reaching638.90.9391
Single Number Predominant Downwind680.30.8819
Predominant Upwind - Low981.30.6114
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med755.60.7940
Predominant Upwind - Medium668.50.8976
Predominant Upwind - Med/High627.10.9568
Predominant Upwind - High607.60.9875
Predominant Downwind Low1006.50.5961
Predominant Downwind Low/Med743.80.8067
Predominant Downwind Medium629.90.9525
Predominant Downwind Med/High557.21.0767
Predominant Downwind High503.81.1910
Predominant Reaching Low888.70.6751
Predominant Reaching Low/Med682.10.8797
Predominant Reaching Medium599.21.0014
Predominant Reaching Med/High547.11.0968
Predominant Reaching High508.41.1802
SA/DSPL Upwind27.51SA/DSPL Downwind44.48
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1231.10.4874
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med900.50.6663
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium758.50.7911
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High685.90.8748
5-Band Windward/Leeward High652.20.9199
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1229.60.4880
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med907.70.6610
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium772.50.7767
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High707.60.8480
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High681.00.8810
5-Band AP Low912.00.6579
5-Band AP Low/Med721.10.8321
5-Band AP Medium627.50.9561
5-Band AP Med/High574.01.0453
5-Band AP High542.11.1069
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1060.60.5657
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med862.20.6959
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium735.10.8162
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High670.10.8954
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High636.80.9422
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8120
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.8329
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.8479
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6101
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6151
Harvest Moon Regatta554.71.0817
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance694.40.8641
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium636.90.9420
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High565.71.0607
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1055.00.5687
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium772.70.7765
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High676.80.8865
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1747.61169.2888.0741.0655.9613.7577.7514.4483.1
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance694.40.8641
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium636.90.9420
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High565.71.0607
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1055.00.5687
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium772.70.7765
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High676.80.8865
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1747.61169.2888.0741.0655.9613.7577.7514.4483.1
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance694.4
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1747.61169.2888.0741.0655.9613.7577.7514.4483.1
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium636.90.9420
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High565.71.0607
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1055.00.5687
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium772.70.7765
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High676.80.8865
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating694.40.8641
FinRating, kevyt tuuli1211.10.8257
FinRating, kova tuuli541.30.9237
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium636.90.9420
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High565.71.0607
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1055.00.5687
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium772.70.7765
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High676.80.8865
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance0.8641
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9420
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0607
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5687
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7765
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8865
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1747.61169.2888.0741.0655.9613.7577.7514.4483.1
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)718.9
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance694.40.8641
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium636.90.9420
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High565.71.0607
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1055.00.5687
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium772.70.7765
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High676.80.8865
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1747.61169.2888.0741.0655.9613.7577.7514.4483.1
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium636.90.9420
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High565.71.0607
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1055.00.5687
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium772.70.7765
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High676.80.8865
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance694.40.8641
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium636.90.9420
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High565.71.0607
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1055.00.5687
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium772.70.7765
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High676.80.8865
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1747.61169.2888.0741.0655.9613.7577.7514.4483.1
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance694.40.8641
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium636.90.9420
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High565.71.0607
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1055.00.5687
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium772.70.7765
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High676.80.8865
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1747.61169.2888.0741.0655.9613.7577.7514.4483.1
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.4
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium636.9
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High565.7
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1055.0
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium772.7
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High676.8
Predominantly Upwind690.9
Predominantly Downwind653.4
Predominantly Reaching627.0
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance694.40.8641
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium636.90.9420
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High565.71.0607
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1055.00.5687
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium772.70.7765
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High676.80.8865
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1747.61169.2888.0741.0655.9613.7577.7514.4483.1
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9420
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0607
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5687
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7765
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8865
Coastal/Long Distance0.8641
Predominantly Upwind0.8684
Predominantly Downwind0.9183
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)718.9
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)0.9372
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.7278
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind0.9420
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind1.0607
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.5687
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind0.7765
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind0.8865
Motvind Singeltall0.8684
Medvind Singeltall0.9183
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium636.90.9420
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High565.71.0607
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1055.00.5687
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium772.70.7765
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High676.80.8865
Coastal/Long Distance694.40.8641
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind690.90.8684
Predominantly Downwind653.40.9183
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore629.60.9530
Cape Doctor Coastal520.71.1523
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium636.90.9420
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High565.71.0607
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1055.00.5687
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium772.70.7765
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High676.80.8865
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9420
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0607
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5687
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7765
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8865
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9420
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0607
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5687
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7765
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8865
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance694.40.8641
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium636.90.9420
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High565.71.0607
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1055.00.5687
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium772.70.7765
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High676.80.8865
Predominantly Upwind690.90.8684
Predominantly Downwind653.40.9183
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1747.61169.2888.0741.0655.9613.7577.7514.4483.1
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance694.40.8641
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium636.90.9420
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High565.71.0607
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1055.00.5687
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium772.70.7765
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High676.80.8865
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1747.61169.2888.0741.0655.9613.7577.7514.4483.1
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low824.40.7278
Triple Number AP Medium637.00.9419
Triple Number AP High565.71.0607
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1101.50.5447
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium772.70.7765
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High676.80.8865
Single Number Predominant Upwind717.20.8365
Single Number Predominant Reaching638.90.9391
Single Number Predominant Downwind680.30.8819
Predominant Upwind - Low981.30.6114
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med755.60.7940
Predominant Upwind - Medium668.50.8976
Predominant Upwind - Med/High627.10.9568
Predominant Upwind - High607.60.9875
Predominant Downwind Low1006.50.5961
Predominant Downwind Low/Med743.80.8067
Predominant Downwind Medium629.90.9525
Predominant Downwind Med/High557.21.0767
Predominant Downwind High503.81.1910
Predominant Reaching Low888.70.6751
Predominant Reaching Low/Med682.10.8797
Predominant Reaching Medium599.21.0014
Predominant Reaching Med/High547.11.0968
Predominant Reaching High508.41.1802
SA/DSPL Upwind27.51SA/DSPL Downwind44.48
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1231.10.4874
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med900.50.6663
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium758.50.7911
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High685.90.8748
5-Band Windward/Leeward High652.20.9199
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1229.60.4880
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med907.70.6610
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium772.50.7767
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High707.60.8480
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High681.00.8810
5-Band AP Low912.00.6579
5-Band AP Low/Med721.10.8321
5-Band AP Medium627.50.9561
5-Band AP Med/High574.01.0453
5-Band AP High542.11.1069
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1060.60.5657
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med862.20.6959
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium735.10.8162
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High670.10.8954
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High636.80.9422
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8120
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.8329
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.8479
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6101
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6151
Harvest Moon Regatta554.71.0817
Club Certificate2025
TEBAITA-TB25
FEDERAZIONE ITALIANA VELA
Distr.:UVAI  www.uvai.it
Tel. + 39068841273
E-mail  segreteria@uvai.it
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassFarr 740Measurement03/11/1997HINPlan reviewHull constructionCoredCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA7.345Max. Beam2.442Draft1.616Displacement1,362Wetted area11.55IMS L6.817LSM06.563Acc. length7.345Sink (kg/mm) 9.43
VCGD0.000VCGM0.001RM Rated (kg·m) 33.8Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight378Declared crew weight350
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeNo Propeller
Hydro generatorNo
RIG
Forestay tensionAftInner stayNone FittedMast materialAluminumSingle headsail furlerYesMainsail furlerNoArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays0Checkstays0Spreaders1Rotating mastNo
P8.850IG8.300ISP8.400MDT10.074MDL10.108MDT20.070MDL20.070TL1.400MW0.108GO0.128
E3.500J2.450BAS1.350FSDNo FoilSFJ0.100SPL2.600WPLTPSBD0.110MWTMCG
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodVCG entered directlyVCG entered0.000Flotation Date23/07/2025
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
Club Certificate2025
TEBAITA-TB25
FEDERAZIONE ITALIANA VELA
Distr.:UVAI  www.uvai.it
Tel. + 39068841273
E-mail  segreteria@uvai.it
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateCommentA0.160.721.282.222.9318.2823/07/2025
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateCommentA0.050.000.000.000.003.758.20NoNo 15.5623/07/2025
SYMMETRIC SPINNAKER
IdSLUSLESLSHWSFLAreaMeas.DateCommentA8.058.058.055.435.4336.4323/07/2025
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length7.3 mTable area0.22 m²Headroom1.40 mMinimum number of berths2Personal gear stowage0.08 m³Fresh water capacity13 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit2Food stowage0.12 m³Fuel capacity20 lCabin soleStovesSinksGalley gear stowageToiletWash basinNavigation areaHanging locker
*This list is a summary of the requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for details.