Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
Anna SerineNOR 14430
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles42.3°42.3°40.4°39.2°38.6°38.4°38.3°38.6°40.1°
Beat VMG2.613.604.354.805.005.105.165.195.05
52°4.045.426.396.937.167.277.347.407.35
60°4.285.696.627.147.387.507.577.657.61
75°4.465.886.777.307.607.797.928.088.13
90°4.345.766.717.287.647.948.188.518.70
110°3.735.116.196.987.487.868.238.929.29
120°3.404.775.906.767.337.748.128.899.75
135°2.884.155.286.206.917.417.798.569.43
150°2.373.504.585.526.326.967.428.168.93
Run VMG2.053.033.974.825.606.326.927.748.46
Gybe Angles146.2°146.2°151.4°157.3°173.5°175.3°177.1°178.4°178.4°
APH ToD:575.0CDL: 9.283APH ToT: 1.0435CertNo:21315
BOAT
ClassElan 350DesignerRobHumpreysBuilderElan MarineAge date01/2011Series date01/2009Offset fileELAN350.OFFData file21315
HULL
Length Overall10.600 mMaximum Beam3.540 mDraft2.348 mDisplacement5,049 kgDLR5.3642IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.220%Age Allowance0.487%
PROPELLER
InstallationStrutTypeFolding 2 bladesDiameter0.400m
CREW
Maximum weight400 kg(declared)Minimum weight270 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerNoCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail38.3639.24Headsail Luffed30.8730.87Headsail FlyingSymmetricAsymmetric
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail10.96Storm Jib9.99Heavy Weather Jib26.96
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails5
✱ Zero set flying
Spinnakers0
✱ Spinnaker pole aboard
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
Anna SerineNOR 14430
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG1377.61000.9828.1749.6719.6705.3697.4693.5713.4
52°891.7663.7563.6519.5502.6495.1490.4486.5489.6
60°840.5632.7543.9504.1487.5480.1475.4470.8473.2
75°807.1612.8531.5493.5473.8461.9454.6445.7442.7
90°829.7624.5536.5494.8471.1453.6440.4423.1413.7
110°965.6703.8581.3515.5481.3458.0437.5403.7387.4
120°1058.3755.1609.9532.2491.0465.2443.5404.8369.1
135°1249.0867.9682.2580.6520.6486.1462.0420.3381.8
150°1519.21027.9786.3652.5569.6517.2485.3441.4402.9
Run VMG1753.21186.9907.1747.3643.0569.7520.3465.4425.8
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward1562.41093.9867.6748.5681.3637.5608.9579.4569.6
All purpose1162.2832.4676.5596.3553.2526.6508.8485.8474.3
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward712.90.8416
All purpose575.01.0435
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low754.40.7953
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium571.21.0504
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High504.61.1890
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low980.70.6118
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.30.8471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High605.00.9917
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance628.80.9541
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low754.40.7953
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium571.21.0504
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High504.61.1890
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low980.70.6118
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.30.8471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High605.00.9917
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1695.71103.2817.9673.9591.7547.2514.1463.5447.5
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.7786
Downwind "popa"0.8334
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.7942
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.8162
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low754.40.7953
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium571.21.0504
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High504.61.1890
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low980.70.6118
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.30.8471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High605.00.9917
Predominantly Upwind609.20.9849
Predominantly Downwind602.60.9957
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low754.40.7953
Triple Number AP Medium571.31.0502
Triple Number AP High504.61.1890
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1027.30.5841
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.30.8471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High605.00.9917
Single Number Predominant Upwind633.30.9474
Single Number Predominant Reaching573.71.0459
Single Number Predominant Downwind633.80.9466
Predominant Upwind - Low872.70.6875
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med665.90.9010
Predominant Upwind - Medium588.91.0189
Predominant Upwind - Med/High550.91.0892
Predominant Upwind - High536.51.1184
Predominant Downwind Low973.20.6165
Predominant Downwind Low/Med698.40.8591
Predominant Downwind Medium578.01.0381
Predominant Downwind Med/High503.71.1913
Predominant Downwind High466.01.2876
Predominant Reaching Low815.20.7360
Predominant Reaching Low/Med614.20.9769
Predominant Reaching Medium532.51.1269
Predominant Reaching Med/High484.81.2376
Predominant Reaching High460.21.3039
SA/DSPL Upwind23.40SA/DSPL Downwind23.40
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1155.20.5194
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med831.40.7217
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium694.60.8639
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High614.90.9758
5-Band Windward/Leeward High582.81.0295
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1134.50.5288
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med827.10.7254
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium701.50.8553
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High631.90.9496
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High605.80.9905
5-Band AP Low850.30.7056
5-Band AP Low/Med653.00.9188
5-Band AP Medium562.51.0667
5-Band AP Med/High511.61.1727
5-Band AP High487.81.2301
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low982.90.6105
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med790.40.7591
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium668.80.8971
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High601.20.9981
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High573.41.0465
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.9192
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.9187
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.9070
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6582
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6667
Harvest Moon Regatta496.41.2088
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance628.80.9541
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low754.40.7953
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium571.21.0504
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High504.61.1890
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low980.70.6118
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.30.8471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High605.00.9917
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1695.71103.2817.9673.9591.7547.2514.1463.5447.5
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance628.80.9541
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low754.40.7953
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium571.21.0504
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High504.61.1890
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low980.70.6118
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.30.8471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High605.00.9917
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1695.71103.2817.9673.9591.7547.2514.1463.5447.5
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance628.8
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1695.71103.2817.9673.9591.7547.2514.1463.5447.5
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low754.40.7953
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium571.21.0504
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High504.61.1890
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low980.70.6118
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.30.8471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High605.00.9917
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating619.60.9683
FinRating, kevyt tuuli1138.90.8780
FinRating, kova tuuli490.91.0186
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low754.40.7953
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium571.21.0504
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High504.61.1890
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low980.70.6118
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.30.8471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High605.00.9917
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance0.9541
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7953
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0504
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1890
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6118
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9917
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1695.71103.2817.9673.9591.7547.2514.1463.5447.5
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)648.6
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance628.80.9541
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low754.40.7953
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium571.21.0504
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High504.61.1890
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low980.70.6118
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.30.8471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High605.00.9917
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1695.71103.2817.9673.9591.7547.2514.1463.5447.5
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low754.40.7953
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium571.21.0504
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High504.61.1890
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low980.70.6118
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.30.8471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High605.00.9917
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance628.80.9541
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low754.40.7953
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium571.21.0504
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High504.61.1890
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low980.70.6118
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.30.8471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High605.00.9917
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1695.71103.2817.9673.9591.7547.2514.1463.5447.5
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance628.80.9541
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low754.40.7953
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium571.21.0504
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High504.61.1890
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low980.70.6118
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.30.8471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High605.00.9917
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1695.71103.2817.9673.9591.7547.2514.1463.5447.5
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low754.4
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium571.2
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High504.6
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low980.7
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.3
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High605.0
Predominantly Upwind609.2
Predominantly Downwind602.6
Predominantly Reaching566.7
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance628.80.9541
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low754.40.7953
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium571.21.0504
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High504.61.1890
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low980.70.6118
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.30.8471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High605.00.9917
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1695.71103.2817.9673.9591.7547.2514.1463.5447.5
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7953
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0504
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1890
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6118
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9917
Coastal/Long Distance0.9541
Predominantly Upwind0.9849
Predominantly Downwind0.9957
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)648.6
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)1.0435
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.7953
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind1.0504
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind1.1890
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.6118
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind0.8471
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind0.9917
Motvind Singeltall0.9849
Medvind Singeltall0.9957
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low754.40.7953
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium571.21.0504
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High504.61.1890
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low980.70.6118
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.30.8471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High605.00.9917
Coastal/Long Distance628.80.9541
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind609.20.9849
Predominantly Downwind602.60.9957
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore572.51.0480
Cape Doctor Coastal477.71.2559
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low754.40.7953
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium571.21.0504
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High504.61.1890
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low980.70.6118
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.30.8471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High605.00.9917
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7953
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0504
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1890
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6118
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9917
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7953
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0504
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1890
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6118
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9917
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance628.80.9541
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low754.40.7953
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium571.21.0504
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High504.61.1890
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low980.70.6118
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.30.8471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High605.00.9917
Predominantly Upwind609.20.9849
Predominantly Downwind602.60.9957
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1695.71103.2817.9673.9591.7547.2514.1463.5447.5
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance628.80.9541
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low754.40.7953
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium571.21.0504
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High504.61.1890
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low980.70.6118
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.30.8471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High605.00.9917
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1695.71103.2817.9673.9591.7547.2514.1463.5447.5
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low754.40.7953
Triple Number AP Medium571.31.0502
Triple Number AP High504.61.1890
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1027.30.5841
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.30.8471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High605.00.9917
Single Number Predominant Upwind633.30.9474
Single Number Predominant Reaching573.71.0459
Single Number Predominant Downwind633.80.9466
Predominant Upwind - Low872.70.6875
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med665.90.9010
Predominant Upwind - Medium588.91.0189
Predominant Upwind - Med/High550.91.0892
Predominant Upwind - High536.51.1184
Predominant Downwind Low973.20.6165
Predominant Downwind Low/Med698.40.8591
Predominant Downwind Medium578.01.0381
Predominant Downwind Med/High503.71.1913
Predominant Downwind High466.01.2876
Predominant Reaching Low815.20.7360
Predominant Reaching Low/Med614.20.9769
Predominant Reaching Medium532.51.1269
Predominant Reaching Med/High484.81.2376
Predominant Reaching High460.21.3039
SA/DSPL Upwind23.40SA/DSPL Downwind23.40
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1155.20.5194
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med831.40.7217
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium694.60.8639
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High614.90.9758
5-Band Windward/Leeward High582.81.0295
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1134.50.5288
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med827.10.7254
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium701.50.8553
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High631.90.9496
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High605.80.9905
5-Band AP Low850.30.7056
5-Band AP Low/Med653.00.9188
5-Band AP Medium562.51.0667
5-Band AP Med/High511.61.1727
5-Band AP High487.81.2301
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low982.90.6105
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med790.40.7591
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium668.80.8971
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High601.20.9981
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High573.41.0465
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.9192
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.9187
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.9070
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6582
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6667
Harvest Moon Regatta496.41.2088
Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
Anna SerineNOR 14430
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassElan 350MeasurementHINPlan reviewHull constructionCoredCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA10.600Max. Beam3.540Draft2.348Displacement5,049Wetted area23.97IMS L9.954LSM09.799Acc. length10.600Sink (kg/mm) 18.53
VCGD-0.063VCGM0.049RM Rated (kg·m) 108.8Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight669Declared crew weight400
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeFolding 2 blades
InstallationStrutTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.400PBWPIPA0.0038
EDL1.900ST10.065ST20.180
ST30.180ST40.110ST50.300
RIG
Forestay tensionAftInner stayNone FittedMast materialAluminumSingle headsail furlerNoMainsail furlerArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays0CheckstaysSpreaders2Rotating mastNo
P13.490IG14.060ISP15.020MDT10.100MDL10.190MDT20.100MDL20.150TL1.470MW0.190GO0.210
E4.640J4.030BAS1.650FSDFoilSFJ0.000SPL4.896WPLTPS5.240BD0.000MWT0.00MCG0.000
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodVCG entered directlyVCG entered-0.063Flotation Date01/01/2015
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
Anna SerineNOR 14430
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateComment625-2024052916480.181.031.863.123.9838.3629/05/2024622-2023111023470.340.951.682.923.8036.6308/11/2023
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateComment1-2022050309570.000.000.000.000.004.3114.07NoNo 30.8703/05/20221-2022050309580.040.001.172.093.374.4113.56NoNo 29.9803/05/2022625-2024080614160.060.621.162.183.124.1113.94YesNo 29.6806/08/2024
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length10.6 mTable area0.44 m²Headroom1.74 mMinimum number of berths4Personal gear stowage0.16 m³Fresh water capacity92 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit4Food stowage0.24 m³Fuel capacity62 lCabin soleStovesSinksGalley gear stowageToiletWash basinNavigation areaHanging locker
*This list is a summary of the requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for details.