Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
AmiNOR 12093
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles43.3°43.3°41.0°39.3°38.2°37.8°37.6°37.9°38.9°
Beat VMG2.403.304.024.514.784.894.944.964.88
52°3.745.035.936.476.756.876.926.986.97
60°3.975.286.156.646.917.057.127.217.21
75°4.085.426.306.777.067.287.427.597.68
90°3.945.296.236.777.107.367.607.948.14
110°3.354.665.736.506.987.327.658.268.77
120°3.144.415.496.316.857.217.558.228.96
135°2.693.884.955.826.496.937.267.928.65
150°2.233.304.315.195.946.536.947.578.20
Run VMG1.932.853.744.535.255.906.457.187.77
Gybe Angles146.6°146.6°151.0°156.8°164.9°171.8°177.2°179.2°179.0°
APH ToD:612.9CDL: 8.445APH ToT: 0.9789CertNo:9341
BOAT
ClassFirst 31.7 LRDesignerFinotBuilderBeneteauAge date01/2007Series date01/1998Offset fileFIRST317.offData file9341
HULL
Length Overall9.610 mMaximum Beam3.212 mDraft1.940 mDisplacement3,858 kgDLR5.4995IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.320%Age Allowance0.487%
PROPELLER
InstallationStrutTypeFolding 2 bladesDiameter0.380m
CREW
Maximum weight582 kg(default)Minimum weight452 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerNoCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail25.8126.47Headsail Luffed31.0931.09Headsail FlyingSymmetricAsymmetric
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail7.38Storm Jib6.80Heavy Weather Jib18.35
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails5
✱ Zero set flying
Spinnakers0
✱ Spinnaker pole aboard
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
AmiNOR 12093
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG1503.01089.5896.3797.7752.6736.2728.5725.3737.3
52°961.4715.7607.4556.8533.7524.4520.0515.5516.5
60°907.6682.0585.4542.6521.2510.5505.7499.6499.0
75°882.7664.4571.8531.6509.6494.7484.9474.3468.6
90°913.7680.4578.3531.6507.0488.9473.5453.4442.3
110°1076.2772.3628.2553.5515.9491.6470.5435.7410.4
120°1148.1815.6655.7570.2525.8499.2476.9437.7402.0
135°1338.4927.1726.8618.4554.9519.5495.5454.6416.4
150°1617.31092.4834.7693.4606.3551.5518.9475.7438.8
Run VMG1865.91261.4963.2794.8685.9610.1558.0501.6463.4
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward1681.21175.5929.8796.2719.3673.1643.2613.5600.4
All purpose1258.5897.9726.3636.8587.7559.2540.5517.1502.6
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward756.40.7932
All purpose612.90.9789
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low812.00.7389
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium608.50.9860
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High536.41.1186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.60.5700
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium750.90.7990
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.50.9382
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance669.50.8961
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low812.00.7389
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium608.50.9860
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High536.41.1186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.60.5700
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium750.90.7990
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.50.9382
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1820.51184.1876.5718.3627.4580.8546.9495.3477.7
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.7335
Downwind "popa"0.7814
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.7472
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.7664
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low812.00.7389
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium608.50.9860
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High536.41.1186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.60.5700
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium750.90.7990
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.50.9382
Predominantly Upwind648.40.9254
Predominantly Downwind643.00.9331
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low812.10.7389
Triple Number AP Medium608.60.9859
Triple Number AP High536.41.1186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1102.40.5442
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium750.90.7990
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.50.9382
Single Number Predominant Upwind675.10.8888
Single Number Predominant Reaching614.30.9767
Single Number Predominant Downwind677.10.8861
Predominant Upwind - Low943.10.6362
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med713.90.8405
Predominant Upwind - Medium625.00.9599
Predominant Upwind - Med/High582.71.0297
Predominant Upwind - High567.21.0578
Predominant Downwind Low1042.30.5756
Predominant Downwind Low/Med745.60.8048
Predominant Downwind Medium616.20.9737
Predominant Downwind Med/High538.11.1150
Predominant Downwind High499.51.2011
Predominant Reaching Low879.00.6826
Predominant Reaching Low/Med658.30.9115
Predominant Reaching Medium568.61.0552
Predominant Reaching Med/High517.81.1588
Predominant Reaching High491.91.2198
SA/DSPL Upwind23.03SA/DSPL Downwind23.03
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1241.30.4834
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med887.80.6758
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium735.50.8157
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High649.70.9235
5-Band Windward/Leeward High616.40.9735
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1221.90.4910
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med884.00.6787
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium741.90.8087
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High666.00.9009
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High638.70.9395
5-Band AP Low916.60.6546
5-Band AP Low/Med699.50.8577
5-Band AP Medium598.71.0022
5-Band AP Med/High543.71.1036
5-Band AP High518.61.1569
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1057.20.5676
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med844.70.7103
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium708.10.8473
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High635.00.9449
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High606.20.9897
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8609
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.8601
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.8493
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6136
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6211
Harvest Moon Regatta532.21.1274
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance669.50.8961
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low812.00.7389
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium608.50.9860
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High536.41.1186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.60.5700
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium750.90.7990
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.50.9382
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1820.51184.1876.5718.3627.4580.8546.9495.3477.7
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance669.50.8961
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low812.00.7389
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium608.50.9860
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High536.41.1186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.60.5700
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium750.90.7990
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.50.9382
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1820.51184.1876.5718.3627.4580.8546.9495.3477.7
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance669.5
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1820.51184.1876.5718.3627.4580.8546.9495.3477.7
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low812.00.7389
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium608.50.9860
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High536.41.1186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.60.5700
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium750.90.7990
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.50.9382
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating669.50.8961
FinRating, kevyt tuuli1224.40.8167
FinRating, kova tuuli522.30.9573
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low812.00.7389
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium608.50.9860
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High536.41.1186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.60.5700
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium750.90.7990
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.50.9382
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance0.8961
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7389
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9860
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5700
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7990
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9382
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1820.51184.1876.5718.3627.4580.8546.9495.3477.7
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)693.0
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance669.50.8961
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low812.00.7389
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium608.50.9860
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High536.41.1186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.60.5700
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium750.90.7990
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.50.9382
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1820.51184.1876.5718.3627.4580.8546.9495.3477.7
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low812.00.7389
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium608.50.9860
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High536.41.1186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.60.5700
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium750.90.7990
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.50.9382
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance669.50.8961
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low812.00.7389
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium608.50.9860
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High536.41.1186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.60.5700
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium750.90.7990
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.50.9382
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1820.51184.1876.5718.3627.4580.8546.9495.3477.7
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance669.50.8961
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low812.00.7389
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium608.50.9860
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High536.41.1186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.60.5700
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium750.90.7990
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.50.9382
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1820.51184.1876.5718.3627.4580.8546.9495.3477.7
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low812.0
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium608.5
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High536.4
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.6
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium750.9
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.5
Predominantly Upwind648.4
Predominantly Downwind643.0
Predominantly Reaching605.7
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance669.50.8961
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low812.00.7389
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium608.50.9860
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High536.41.1186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.60.5700
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium750.90.7990
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.50.9382
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1820.51184.1876.5718.3627.4580.8546.9495.3477.7
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7389
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9860
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5700
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7990
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9382
Coastal/Long Distance0.8961
Predominantly Upwind0.9254
Predominantly Downwind0.9331
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)693.0
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)0.9789
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.7389
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind0.9860
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind1.1186
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.5700
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind0.7990
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind0.9382
Motvind Singeltall0.9254
Medvind Singeltall0.9331
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low812.00.7389
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium608.50.9860
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High536.41.1186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.60.5700
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium750.90.7990
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.50.9382
Coastal/Long Distance669.50.8961
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind648.40.9254
Predominantly Downwind643.00.9331
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore604.30.9929
Cape Doctor Coastal506.91.1836
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low812.00.7389
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium608.50.9860
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High536.41.1186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.60.5700
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium750.90.7990
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.50.9382
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7389
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9860
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5700
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7990
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9382
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7389
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9860
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5700
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7990
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9382
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance669.50.8961
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low812.00.7389
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium608.50.9860
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High536.41.1186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.60.5700
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium750.90.7990
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.50.9382
Predominantly Upwind648.40.9254
Predominantly Downwind643.00.9331
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1820.51184.1876.5718.3627.4580.8546.9495.3477.7
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance669.50.8961
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low812.00.7389
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium608.50.9860
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High536.41.1186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.60.5700
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium750.90.7990
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.50.9382
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1820.51184.1876.5718.3627.4580.8546.9495.3477.7
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low812.10.7389
Triple Number AP Medium608.60.9859
Triple Number AP High536.41.1186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1102.40.5442
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium750.90.7990
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.50.9382
Single Number Predominant Upwind675.10.8888
Single Number Predominant Reaching614.30.9767
Single Number Predominant Downwind677.10.8861
Predominant Upwind - Low943.10.6362
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med713.90.8405
Predominant Upwind - Medium625.00.9599
Predominant Upwind - Med/High582.71.0297
Predominant Upwind - High567.21.0578
Predominant Downwind Low1042.30.5756
Predominant Downwind Low/Med745.60.8048
Predominant Downwind Medium616.20.9737
Predominant Downwind Med/High538.11.1150
Predominant Downwind High499.51.2011
Predominant Reaching Low879.00.6826
Predominant Reaching Low/Med658.30.9115
Predominant Reaching Medium568.61.0552
Predominant Reaching Med/High517.81.1588
Predominant Reaching High491.91.2198
SA/DSPL Upwind23.03SA/DSPL Downwind23.03
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1241.30.4834
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med887.80.6758
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium735.50.8157
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High649.70.9235
5-Band Windward/Leeward High616.40.9735
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1221.90.4910
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med884.00.6787
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium741.90.8087
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High666.00.9009
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High638.70.9395
5-Band AP Low916.60.6546
5-Band AP Low/Med699.50.8577
5-Band AP Medium598.71.0022
5-Band AP Med/High543.71.1036
5-Band AP High518.61.1569
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1057.20.5676
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med844.70.7103
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium708.10.8473
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High635.00.9449
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High606.20.9897
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8609
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.8601
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.8493
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6136
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6211
Harvest Moon Regatta532.21.1274
Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
AmiNOR 12093
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassFirst 31.7 LRMeasurementHINPlan reviewHull constructionSolidCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA9.610Max. Beam3.212Draft1.940Displacement3,858Wetted area20.59IMS L9.017LSM08.884Acc. length9.610Sink (kg/mm) 15.77
VCGD0.220VCGM0.169RM Rated (kg·m) 74.7Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight582Declared crew weightN/A
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeFolding 2 blades
InstallationStrutTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.380PBWPIPA0.0035
EDL2.380ST10.050ST20.170
ST30.170ST40.170ST50.310
RIG
Forestay tensionForwardInner stayNone FittedMast materialAluminumSingle headsail furlerNoMainsail furlerArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays0CheckstaysSpreaders2Rotating mastNo
P10.800IG11.590ISP11.620MDT10.100MDL10.160MDT20.100MDL20.160TL0.000MW0.160GO0.180
E3.900J3.500BAS1.710FSDFoilSFJ0.000SPL3.580WPLTPS4.200BD0.000MWT78.00MCG3.980
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodVCG entered directlyVCG entered0.220Flotation Date01/01/2015
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
AmiNOR 12093
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateComment394-2025043009490.150.861.592.623.3325.8130/04/2025
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateComment371-2007021902200.000.000.000.000.005.2311.68NoNo 31.0919/02/2007371-2007041810530.000.000.000.000.004.8911.23NoNo 27.9518/04/2007400-2007031403140.000.000.000.000.003.5411.26NoNo 20.2914/03/2007
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length9.6 mTable area0.44 m²Headroom1.67 mMinimum number of berths4Personal gear stowage0.16 m³Fresh water capacity72 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit4Food stowage0.24 m³Fuel capacity42 lCabin soleStovesSinksGalley gear stowageToiletWash basinNavigation areaHanging locker
*This list is a summary of the requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for details.