Double HandedClub Certificate2025
SigvaldsonNOR 15394
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles44.7°44.7°42.7°41.9°41.3°41.3°41.5°42.3°44.3°
Beat VMG2.243.143.874.384.674.774.814.764.54
52°3.564.865.856.556.937.087.157.176.99
60°3.825.166.146.847.237.417.487.537.42
75°4.025.406.387.077.497.737.877.977.99
90°4.015.496.627.357.727.898.078.378.49
110°4.045.576.767.517.968.318.598.929.11
120°3.905.406.587.397.888.278.649.289.65
135°3.404.816.006.937.568.008.389.1610.04
150°2.794.045.186.146.927.497.888.569.25
Run VMG2.413.504.485.316.006.536.997.728.34
Gybe Angles143.0°143.0°147.1°148.9°150.5°154.5°160.1°179.8°179.8°
APH ToD:573.3CDL: 9.147APH ToT: 1.0466CertNo:666963
BOAT
ClassBavaria Cruiser 40DesignerBruceFarrBuilderBavaria YachtbauAge date01/2012Series date01/2011Offset fileBAV40CRU.OFFData file666963
HULL
Length Overall11.990 mMaximum Beam3.980 mDraft2.018 mDisplacement8,870 kgDLR7.2459IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.380%Age Allowance0.455%
PROPELLER
InstallationStrutTypeFolding 3 bladesDiameter0.400m
CREW
Maximum weight170 kg(default)Minimum weight120 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerNoCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail45.0445.67Headsail Luffed32.1032.10Headsail FlyingSymmetricAsymmetric79.9382.46 (All asymmetric spinnakers with SHW/SFL > 85%)
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail13.98Storm Jib12.39Heavy Weather Jib33.45
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails5
✱ One set on the forestay
Spinnakers4
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
Double HandedClub Certificate2025
SigvaldsonNOR 15394
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG1603.71147.2931.1821.8771.1754.5748.8755.5792.2
52°1012.4741.4615.9549.8519.3508.1503.2502.3515.1
60°941.8697.4586.0526.4497.7486.0481.2478.3485.0
75°896.5667.2564.1509.1480.4465.6457.6451.5450.6
90°898.4655.5543.7489.6466.3456.2446.2430.1424.0
110°891.5646.1532.9479.2452.0433.1418.9403.7395.3
120°922.4666.4546.9487.3456.7435.1416.7387.9373.1
135°1057.7749.0600.0519.4476.0450.2429.4393.1358.6
150°1291.4891.5695.6586.6520.1480.9456.8420.8389.1
Run VMG1491.11029.4803.3677.4600.3551.3515.2466.1431.9
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward1546.61088.3867.2749.6685.7652.9632.0610.8612.1
All purpose1161.5830.7673.5591.4548.7527.0512.6496.7494.2
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward721.10.8321
All purpose573.31.0466
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.10.7978
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium567.91.0565
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High510.21.1760
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.70.6137
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium713.90.8404
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High629.30.9535
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance626.70.9573
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.10.7978
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium567.91.0565
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High510.21.1760
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.70.6137
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium713.90.8404
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High629.30.9535
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1637.51082.4812.4670.7589.2547.9516.3466.8460.6
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.7083
Downwind "popa"0.9046
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.7576
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.8352
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.10.7978
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium567.91.0565
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High510.21.1760
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.70.6137
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium713.90.8404
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High629.30.9535
Predominantly Upwind628.80.9542
Predominantly Downwind576.61.0406
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low752.10.7978
Triple Number AP Medium568.01.0564
Triple Number AP High510.21.1760
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1022.90.5865
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium713.90.8404
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High629.30.9535
Single Number Predominant Upwind658.50.9111
Single Number Predominant Reaching566.51.0591
Single Number Predominant Downwind604.80.9921
Predominant Upwind - Low927.90.6467
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med694.90.8635
Predominant Upwind - Medium605.70.9906
Predominant Upwind - Med/High568.71.0551
Predominant Upwind - High560.61.0704
Predominant Downwind Low901.90.6653
Predominant Downwind Low/Med656.60.9137
Predominant Downwind Medium554.01.0831
Predominant Downwind Med/High495.71.2104
Predominant Downwind High464.91.2907
Predominant Reaching Low806.10.7443
Predominant Reaching Low/Med602.80.9954
Predominant Reaching Medium523.21.1467
Predominant Reaching Med/High483.21.2418
Predominant Reaching High463.41.2947
SA/DSPL Upwind17.87SA/DSPL Downwind28.95
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1147.80.5227
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med831.50.7216
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium701.50.8553
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High636.50.9427
5-Band Windward/Leeward High614.70.9761
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1159.70.5174
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med845.30.7098
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium718.80.8347
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High659.70.9094
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High643.90.9318
5-Band AP Low830.20.7227
5-Band AP Low/Med649.30.9241
5-Band AP Medium559.61.0723
5-Band AP Med/High515.41.1642
5-Band AP High499.01.2023
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low987.40.6077
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med795.00.7547
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium675.70.8879
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High618.50.9701
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High600.50.9992
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8823
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.9217
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.9553
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6616
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6662
Harvest Moon Regatta486.31.2338
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance626.70.9573
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.10.7978
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium567.91.0565
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High510.21.1760
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.70.6137
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium713.90.8404
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High629.30.9535
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1637.51082.4812.4670.7589.2547.9516.3466.8460.6
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance626.70.9573
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.10.7978
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium567.91.0565
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High510.21.1760
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.70.6137
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium713.90.8404
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High629.30.9535
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1637.51082.4812.4670.7589.2547.9516.3466.8460.6
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance626.7
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1637.51082.4812.4670.7589.2547.9516.3466.8460.6
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.10.7978
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium567.91.0565
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High510.21.1760
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.70.6137
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium713.90.8404
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High629.30.9535
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating626.70.9573
FinRating, kevyt tuuli1124.40.8894
FinRating, kova tuuli501.80.9965
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.10.7978
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium567.91.0565
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High510.21.1760
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.70.6137
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium713.90.8404
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High629.30.9535
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance0.9573
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7978
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0565
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1760
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6137
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8404
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9535
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1637.51082.4812.4670.7589.2547.9516.3466.8460.6
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)646.5
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance626.70.9573
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.10.7978
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium567.91.0565
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High510.21.1760
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.70.6137
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium713.90.8404
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High629.30.9535
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1637.51082.4812.4670.7589.2547.9516.3466.8460.6
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.10.7978
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium567.91.0565
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High510.21.1760
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.70.6137
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium713.90.8404
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High629.30.9535
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance626.70.9573
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.10.7978
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium567.91.0565
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High510.21.1760
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.70.6137
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium713.90.8404
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High629.30.9535
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1637.51082.4812.4670.7589.2547.9516.3466.8460.6
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance626.70.9573
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.10.7978
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium567.91.0565
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High510.21.1760
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.70.6137
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium713.90.8404
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High629.30.9535
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1637.51082.4812.4670.7589.2547.9516.3466.8460.6
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.1
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium567.9
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High510.2
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.7
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium713.9
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High629.3
Predominantly Upwind628.8
Predominantly Downwind576.6
Predominantly Reaching550.5
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance626.70.9573
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.10.7978
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium567.91.0565
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High510.21.1760
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.70.6137
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium713.90.8404
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High629.30.9535
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1637.51082.4812.4670.7589.2547.9516.3466.8460.6
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7978
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0565
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1760
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6137
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8404
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9535
Coastal/Long Distance0.9573
Predominantly Upwind0.9542
Predominantly Downwind1.0406
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)646.5
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)1.0466
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.7978
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind1.0565
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind1.1760
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.6137
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind0.8404
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind0.9535
Motvind Singeltall0.9542
Medvind Singeltall1.0406
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.10.7978
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium567.91.0565
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High510.21.1760
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.70.6137
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium713.90.8404
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High629.30.9535
Coastal/Long Distance626.70.9573
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind628.80.9542
Predominantly Downwind576.61.0406
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore611.70.9809
Cape Doctor Coastal495.01.2122
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.10.7978
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium567.91.0565
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High510.21.1760
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.70.6137
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium713.90.8404
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High629.30.9535
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7978
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0565
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1760
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6137
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8404
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9535
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7978
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0565
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1760
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6137
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8404
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9535
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance626.70.9573
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.10.7978
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium567.91.0565
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High510.21.1760
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.70.6137
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium713.90.8404
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High629.30.9535
Predominantly Upwind628.80.9542
Predominantly Downwind576.61.0406
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1637.51082.4812.4670.7589.2547.9516.3466.8460.6
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance626.70.9573
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.10.7978
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium567.91.0565
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High510.21.1760
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.70.6137
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium713.90.8404
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High629.30.9535
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1637.51082.4812.4670.7589.2547.9516.3466.8460.6
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low752.10.7978
Triple Number AP Medium568.01.0564
Triple Number AP High510.21.1760
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1022.90.5865
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium713.90.8404
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High629.30.9535
Single Number Predominant Upwind658.50.9111
Single Number Predominant Reaching566.51.0591
Single Number Predominant Downwind604.80.9921
Predominant Upwind - Low927.90.6467
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med694.90.8635
Predominant Upwind - Medium605.70.9906
Predominant Upwind - Med/High568.71.0551
Predominant Upwind - High560.61.0704
Predominant Downwind Low901.90.6653
Predominant Downwind Low/Med656.60.9137
Predominant Downwind Medium554.01.0831
Predominant Downwind Med/High495.71.2104
Predominant Downwind High464.91.2907
Predominant Reaching Low806.10.7443
Predominant Reaching Low/Med602.80.9954
Predominant Reaching Medium523.21.1467
Predominant Reaching Med/High483.21.2418
Predominant Reaching High463.41.2947
SA/DSPL Upwind17.87SA/DSPL Downwind28.95
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1147.80.5227
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med831.50.7216
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium701.50.8553
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High636.50.9427
5-Band Windward/Leeward High614.70.9761
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1159.70.5174
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med845.30.7098
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium718.80.8347
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High659.70.9094
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High643.90.9318
5-Band AP Low830.20.7227
5-Band AP Low/Med649.30.9241
5-Band AP Medium559.61.0723
5-Band AP Med/High515.41.1642
5-Band AP High499.01.2023
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low987.40.6077
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med795.00.7547
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium675.70.8879
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High618.50.9701
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High600.50.9992
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8823
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.9217
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.9553
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6616
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6662
Harvest Moon Regatta486.31.2338
Double HandedClub Certificate2025
SigvaldsonNOR 15394
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassBavaria Cruiser 40MeasurementHINPlan reviewHull constructionSolidCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA11.990Max. Beam3.980Draft2.018Displacement8,870Wetted area34.53IMS L10.793LSM010.696Acc. length11.990Sink (kg/mm) 26.00
VCGD0.300VCGM0.360RM Rated (kg·m) 197.5Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight170Declared crew weightN/A
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeFolding 3 blades
InstallationStrutTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.400PBWPIPA0.0039
EDL2.370ST10.070ST20.180
ST30.180ST40.110ST50.260
RIG
Forestay tensionAftInner stayNone FittedMast materialAluminumSingle headsail furlerYesMainsail furlerIn mastArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays0CheckstaysSpreaders2Rotating mastNo
P15.180IG15.740ISP15.860MDT10.120MDL10.240MDT20.000MDL20.000TL0.000MW0.000GO0.000
E5.260J4.200BAS1.740FSDFoilSFJ0.000SPL0.000WPLTPS4.960BD0.000MWT0.00MCG0.000
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodVCG entered directlyVCG entered0.300Flotation Date01/01/2015
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
Double HandedClub Certificate2025
SigvaldsonNOR 15394
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateComment622-2018063020150.050.951.803.144.2645.0430/06/2018
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateComment1-2019040913380.050.571.102.183.274.3114.73YesNo 32.1009/04/2019
ASYMMETRIC SPINNAKER
IdSLUSLESLSHWSFLRatioAreaMeas.DateComment990-20150624145615.9914.0515.026.266.8991%79.9324/06/2015
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length12.0 mTable area0.55 m²Headroom1.81 mMinimum number of berths5Personal gear stowage0.20 m³Fresh water capacity150 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit5Food stowage0.30 m³Fuel capacity90 lCabin soleStovesSinksGalley gear stowageToiletWash basinNavigation areaHanging locker
*This list is a summary of the requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for details.