Club Certificate2025
MilleNOR 11604
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles43.4°43.4°41.4°39.7°38.8°38.2°37.8°37.6°38.2°
Beat VMG2.783.854.685.245.515.655.745.825.78
52°4.375.896.957.577.867.988.068.158.17
60°4.686.217.227.798.078.208.288.398.42
75°4.906.437.407.938.258.478.608.788.89
90°4.756.307.327.928.298.588.829.169.38
110°4.366.017.288.028.458.799.039.429.68
120°4.225.847.117.918.418.839.229.8210.27
135°3.705.226.507.488.118.569.019.9311.09
150°3.034.385.616.687.548.118.549.4010.41
Run VMG2.623.794.865.796.607.277.818.639.41
Gybe Angles143.8°143.8°148.3°151.3°155.8°162.6°168.7°176.3°173.6°
APH ToD:509.5CDL: 11.301APH ToT: 1.1776CertNo:9046
BOAT
ClassDufour 44 PerformaDesignerUmbertoFelciBuilderDufour YachtsAge date01/2005Series date01/2002Offset fileDUFOUR-44.offData file9046
HULL
Length Overall13.330 mMaximum Beam4.226 mDraft2.305 mDisplacement10,175 kgDLR5.9414IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.090%Age Allowance0.487%
PROPELLER
InstallationStrutTypeFolding 2 bladesDiameter0.440m
CREW
Maximum weight889 kg(default)Minimum weight756 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerNoCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail55.9057.06Headsail Luffed58.5658.56Headsail FlyingSymmetric136.39136.39Asymmetric
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail16.03Storm Jib14.45Heavy Weather Jib39.02
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails7Spinnakers5
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
Club Certificate2025
MilleNOR 11604
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG1293.2935.9769.1686.9653.1636.7627.7618.8622.5
52°823.2611.4517.9475.4458.2450.9446.6441.7440.7
60°769.5579.6498.6462.4446.2439.1434.8429.2427.4
75°735.4559.5486.8453.7436.1425.2418.7409.9405.0
90°757.9571.2491.6454.5434.3419.6408.0392.9383.7
110°826.2598.6494.8449.1425.9409.6398.5382.4372.0
120°854.0616.5506.6454.9428.1407.7390.5366.6350.7
135°973.2689.9553.6481.5444.0420.3399.7362.4324.5
150°1188.2822.0641.8539.2477.6443.8421.4383.0345.8
Run VMG1372.4949.2741.1622.1545.6495.5461.1417.3382.6
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward1331.7942.5755.1654.5599.3566.1544.4518.0502.6
All purpose1000.9722.4592.0525.8491.2470.6456.7437.2423.9
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward626.90.9571
All purpose509.51.1776
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low657.20.9129
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium506.01.1858
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High452.91.3249
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low848.80.7069
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium622.40.9640
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High540.01.1112
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance555.01.0810
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low657.20.9129
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium506.01.1858
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High452.91.3249
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low848.80.7069
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium622.40.9640
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High540.01.1112
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1421.4943.2711.0591.2524.0488.3461.1419.5406.3
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.8522
Downwind "popa"0.9925
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.8900
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.9458
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low657.20.9129
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium506.01.1858
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High452.91.3249
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low848.80.7069
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium622.40.9640
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High540.01.1112
Predominantly Upwind547.71.0954
Predominantly Downwind521.41.1507
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low657.20.9129
Triple Number AP Medium506.11.1856
Triple Number AP High452.91.3249
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low887.20.6763
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium622.40.9640
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High540.01.1112
Single Number Predominant Upwind569.31.0539
Single Number Predominant Reaching507.61.1821
Single Number Predominant Downwind545.21.1006
Predominant Upwind - Low782.50.7667
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med598.81.0021
Predominant Upwind - Medium530.11.1319
Predominant Upwind - Med/High496.51.2084
Predominant Upwind - High481.61.2459
Predominant Downwind Low806.90.7436
Predominant Downwind Low/Med593.11.0116
Predominant Downwind Medium502.31.1946
Predominant Downwind Med/High446.61.3435
Predominant Downwind High414.61.4470
Predominant Reaching Low705.00.8511
Predominant Reaching Low/Med539.31.1125
Predominant Reaching Medium474.11.2656
Predominant Reaching Med/High436.11.3759
Predominant Reaching High413.91.4495
SA/DSPL Upwind24.19SA/DSPL Downwind40.63
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low993.20.6041
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med724.20.8285
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium611.30.9815
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High548.21.0944
5-Band Windward/Leeward High519.91.1540
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low991.30.6053
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med728.90.8232
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium621.70.9651
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High564.61.0628
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High540.11.1108
5-Band AP Low729.10.8230
5-Band AP Low/Med573.01.0471
5-Band AP Medium499.01.2024
5-Band AP Med/High458.61.3082
5-Band AP High438.31.3690
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low852.90.7035
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med691.10.8682
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium589.71.0175
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High535.11.1213
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High509.61.1773
Chicago-Mac Upwind1.0225
Chicago-Mac All Purpose1.0447
Chicago-Mac Downwind1.0592
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.7614
Bayview-Mac Shore0.7681
Harvest Moon Regatta443.51.3529
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance555.01.0810
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low657.20.9129
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium506.01.1858
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High452.91.3249
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low848.80.7069
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium622.40.9640
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High540.01.1112
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1421.4943.2711.0591.2524.0488.3461.1419.5406.3
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance555.01.0810
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low657.20.9129
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium506.01.1858
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High452.91.3249
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low848.80.7069
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium622.40.9640
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High540.01.1112
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1421.4943.2711.0591.2524.0488.3461.1419.5406.3
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance555.0
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1421.4943.2711.0591.2524.0488.3461.1419.5406.3
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low657.20.9129
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium506.01.1858
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High452.91.3249
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low848.80.7069
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium622.40.9640
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High540.01.1112
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating555.01.0810
FinRating, kevyt tuuli975.81.0248
FinRating, kova tuuli441.11.1335
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low657.20.9129
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium506.01.1858
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High452.91.3249
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low848.80.7069
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium622.40.9640
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High540.01.1112
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance1.0810
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.9129
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.1858
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.3249
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.7069
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.9640
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.1112
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1421.4943.2711.0591.2524.0488.3461.1419.5406.3
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)572.3
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance555.01.0810
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low657.20.9129
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium506.01.1858
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High452.91.3249
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low848.80.7069
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium622.40.9640
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High540.01.1112
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1421.4943.2711.0591.2524.0488.3461.1419.5406.3
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low657.20.9129
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium506.01.1858
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High452.91.3249
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low848.80.7069
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium622.40.9640
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High540.01.1112
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance555.01.0810
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low657.20.9129
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium506.01.1858
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High452.91.3249
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low848.80.7069
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium622.40.9640
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High540.01.1112
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1421.4943.2711.0591.2524.0488.3461.1419.5406.3
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance555.01.0810
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low657.20.9129
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium506.01.1858
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High452.91.3249
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low848.80.7069
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium622.40.9640
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High540.01.1112
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1421.4943.2711.0591.2524.0488.3461.1419.5406.3
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low657.2
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium506.0
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High452.9
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low848.8
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium622.4
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High540.0
Predominantly Upwind547.7
Predominantly Downwind521.4
Predominantly Reaching498.1
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance555.01.0810
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low657.20.9129
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium506.01.1858
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High452.91.3249
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low848.80.7069
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium622.40.9640
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High540.01.1112
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1421.4943.2711.0591.2524.0488.3461.1419.5406.3
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.9129
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.1858
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.3249
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.7069
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.9640
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.1112
Coastal/Long Distance1.0810
Predominantly Upwind1.0954
Predominantly Downwind1.1507
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)572.3
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)1.1776
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.9129
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind1.1858
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind1.3249
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.7069
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind0.9640
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind1.1112
Motvind Singeltall1.0954
Medvind Singeltall1.1507
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low657.20.9129
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium506.01.1858
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High452.91.3249
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low848.80.7069
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium622.40.9640
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High540.01.1112
Coastal/Long Distance555.01.0810
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind547.71.0954
Predominantly Downwind521.41.1507
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore507.21.1829
Cape Doctor Coastal427.91.4022
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low657.20.9129
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium506.01.1858
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High452.91.3249
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low848.80.7069
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium622.40.9640
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High540.01.1112
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.9129
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.1858
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.3249
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.7069
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.9640
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.1112
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.9129
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.1858
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.3249
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.7069
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.9640
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.1112
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance555.01.0810
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low657.20.9129
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium506.01.1858
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High452.91.3249
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low848.80.7069
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium622.40.9640
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High540.01.1112
Predominantly Upwind547.71.0954
Predominantly Downwind521.41.1507
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1421.4943.2711.0591.2524.0488.3461.1419.5406.3
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance555.01.0810
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low657.20.9129
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium506.01.1858
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High452.91.3249
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low848.80.7069
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium622.40.9640
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High540.01.1112
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1421.4943.2711.0591.2524.0488.3461.1419.5406.3
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low657.20.9129
Triple Number AP Medium506.11.1856
Triple Number AP High452.91.3249
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low887.20.6763
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium622.40.9640
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High540.01.1112
Single Number Predominant Upwind569.31.0539
Single Number Predominant Reaching507.61.1821
Single Number Predominant Downwind545.21.1006
Predominant Upwind - Low782.50.7667
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med598.81.0021
Predominant Upwind - Medium530.11.1319
Predominant Upwind - Med/High496.51.2084
Predominant Upwind - High481.61.2459
Predominant Downwind Low806.90.7436
Predominant Downwind Low/Med593.11.0116
Predominant Downwind Medium502.31.1946
Predominant Downwind Med/High446.61.3435
Predominant Downwind High414.61.4470
Predominant Reaching Low705.00.8511
Predominant Reaching Low/Med539.31.1125
Predominant Reaching Medium474.11.2656
Predominant Reaching Med/High436.11.3759
Predominant Reaching High413.91.4495
SA/DSPL Upwind24.19SA/DSPL Downwind40.63
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low993.20.6041
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med724.20.8285
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium611.30.9815
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High548.21.0944
5-Band Windward/Leeward High519.91.1540
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low991.30.6053
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med728.90.8232
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium621.70.9651
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High564.61.0628
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High540.11.1108
5-Band AP Low729.10.8230
5-Band AP Low/Med573.01.0471
5-Band AP Medium499.01.2024
5-Band AP Med/High458.61.3082
5-Band AP High438.31.3690
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low852.90.7035
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med691.10.8682
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium589.71.0175
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High535.11.1213
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High509.61.1773
Chicago-Mac Upwind1.0225
Chicago-Mac All Purpose1.0447
Chicago-Mac Downwind1.0592
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.7614
Bayview-Mac Shore0.7681
Harvest Moon Regatta443.51.3529
Club Certificate2025
MilleNOR 11604
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassDufour 44 PerformaMeasurementHINPlan reviewHull constructionCoredCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA13.330Max. Beam4.226Draft2.305Displacement10,175Wetted area37.26IMS L12.145LSM011.963Acc. length13.330Sink (kg/mm) 29.28
VCGD0.330VCGM0.262RM Rated (kg·m) 258.6Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight889Declared crew weightN/A
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeFolding 2 blades
InstallationStrutTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.440PBWPIPA0.0031
EDL2.630ST10.048ST20.170
ST30.170ST40.098ST50.275
RIG
Forestay tensionAftInner stayNone FittedMast materialAluminumSingle headsail furlerNoMainsail furlerArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays0CheckstaysSpreaders3Rotating mastNo
P16.650IG17.000ISP17.540MDT10.130MDL10.230MDT20.120MDL20.100TL0.972MW0.230GO0.230
E5.500J5.220BAS1.610FSDFoilSFJ0.000SPL5.212WPLTPS6.260BD0.000MWT0.00MCG0.000
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodVCG entered directlyVCG entered0.330Flotation Date01/01/2015
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
Club Certificate2025
MilleNOR 11604
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateComment466-2013042411400.171.202.173.684.7355.9024/04/2013Carbon technora med tafetta på begge sider, Fullspilet.
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateComment1-2014060214140.060.821.623.345.176.9617.15NoNo 58.5602/06/2014330-2020052212110.070.751.432.693.995.3117.05YesNo 45.9622/05/2020
SYMMETRIC SPINNAKER
IdSLUSLESLSHWSFLAreaMeas.DateComment441-20100511135417.1417.1417.140.0010.16136.3911/05/2010441-20100511135316.3016.3016.300.008.74125.8511/05/2010
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length13.3 mTable area0.66 m²Headroom1.86 mMinimum number of berths6Personal gear stowage0.24 m³Fresh water capacity219 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit6Food stowage0.36 m³Fuel capacity116 lCabin soleStovesSinksGalley gear stowageToiletWash basinNavigation areaHanging locker
*This list is a summary of the requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for details.