Club Certificate2025
ParadiseNOR 12550
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles43.0°43.0°40.8°39.3°38.4°37.8°37.4°37.2°37.8°
Beat VMG3.034.185.055.575.825.976.066.166.12
52°4.736.357.478.038.288.418.498.598.61
60°5.046.687.738.268.518.638.728.838.87
75°5.266.907.918.438.738.929.049.229.33
90°5.296.998.068.618.939.159.309.619.84
110°4.916.637.838.528.999.389.7010.2310.66
120°4.486.207.548.398.909.349.7710.5711.13
135°3.865.476.847.868.539.009.4410.4011.65
150°3.174.555.816.897.798.428.889.7210.70
Run VMG2.743.945.035.976.767.468.078.999.78
Gybe Angles141.1°141.1°144.9°148.6°152.9°159.7°170.9°178.3°178.1°
APH ToD:482.6CDL: 12.579APH ToT: 1.2432CertNo:675990
BOAT
ClassFIRST 50DesignerBriandBuilderBeneteauAge date01/2008Series date01/2008Offset fileF50_2010.OFFData file675990
HULL
Length Overall15.000 mMaximum Beam4.364 mDraft2.795 mDisplacement13,662 kgDLR5.9051IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.130%Age Allowance0.487%
PROPELLER
InstallationStrutTypeFolding 2 bladesDiameter0.000m
CREW
Maximum weight1,026 kg(default)Minimum weight872 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerNoCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail70.5771.37Headsail Luffed74.0574.05Headsail Flying123.50123.50SymmetricAsymmetric148.59148.59 (All asymmetric spinnakers with SHW/SFL > 85%)
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail22.19Storm Jib20.06Heavy Weather Jib54.17
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails7Spinnakers5
✱ Asymmetric may be tacked on the pole
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
Club Certificate2025
ParadiseNOR 12550
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG1187.2861.4712.4646.4618.3603.5594.1584.5587.8
52°761.5566.7482.2448.1434.9428.2424.1419.2418.1
60°714.3539.0465.5435.6422.9416.9413.0407.7405.9
75°685.1521.7455.0427.1412.4403.5398.2390.3385.8
90°680.1515.2446.8418.2403.1393.5386.9374.5365.8
110°732.7543.2459.8422.7400.4383.9371.3351.9337.7
120°803.3580.3477.2428.9404.3385.4368.6340.6323.4
135°932.0658.1526.5457.7422.2400.2381.3346.1309.0
150°1137.2790.4620.0522.1461.9427.3405.5370.4336.5
Run VMG1312.9912.7715.9602.9532.2482.8446.0400.6368.1
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward1249.3887.0714.1624.6575.3543.1520.0492.6477.9
All purpose931.4674.6555.6497.6467.1447.7434.0414.8401.6
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward598.51.0025
All purpose482.61.2432
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low615.10.9754
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium479.81.2505
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High430.21.3947
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low800.50.7495
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium595.21.0080
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High515.51.1639
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance527.11.1383
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low615.10.9754
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium479.81.2505
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High430.21.3947
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low800.50.7495
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium595.21.0080
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High515.51.1639
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1340.7889.6671.8562.1499.0464.9438.6397.5384.7
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.9090
Downwind "popa"1.0261
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.9412
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.9879
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low615.10.9754
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium479.81.2505
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High430.21.3947
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low800.50.7495
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium595.21.0080
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High515.51.1639
Predominantly Upwind516.41.1619
Predominantly Downwind496.71.2081
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low615.10.9754
Triple Number AP Medium479.81.2504
Triple Number AP High430.21.3947
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low836.60.7172
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium595.21.0080
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High515.51.1639
Single Number Predominant Upwind536.11.1191
Single Number Predominant Reaching477.71.2559
Single Number Predominant Downwind519.01.1560
Predominant Upwind - Low726.10.8263
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med560.81.0699
Predominant Upwind - Medium501.41.1967
Predominant Upwind - Med/High471.51.2726
Predominant Upwind - High457.01.3128
Predominant Downwind Low762.90.7865
Predominant Downwind Low/Med563.21.0653
Predominant Downwind Medium479.41.2515
Predominant Downwind Med/High427.01.4052
Predominant Downwind High395.91.5157
Predominant Reaching Low655.70.9151
Predominant Reaching Low/Med504.71.1888
Predominant Reaching Medium447.31.3413
Predominant Reaching Med/High414.41.4477
Predominant Reaching High394.11.5224
SA/DSPL Upwind25.09SA/DSPL Downwind38.02
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low934.60.6420
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med687.50.8727
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium585.01.0256
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High524.01.1451
5-Band Windward/Leeward High494.81.2127
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low928.80.6460
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med689.50.8702
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium593.31.0114
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High538.41.1144
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High513.21.1692
5-Band AP Low682.10.8796
5-Band AP Low/Med539.61.1119
5-Band AP Medium473.51.2672
5-Band AP Med/High435.91.3766
5-Band AP High415.81.4430
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low801.20.7489
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med654.10.9173
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium562.41.0669
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High510.11.1762
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High484.31.2388
Chicago-Mac Upwind1.0876
Chicago-Mac All Purpose1.1057
Chicago-Mac Downwind1.1131
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.8097
Bayview-Mac Shore0.8180
Harvest Moon Regatta419.91.4289
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance527.11.1383
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low615.10.9754
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium479.81.2505
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High430.21.3947
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low800.50.7495
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium595.21.0080
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High515.51.1639
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1340.7889.6671.8562.1499.0464.9438.6397.5384.7
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance527.11.1383
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low615.10.9754
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium479.81.2505
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High430.21.3947
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low800.50.7495
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium595.21.0080
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High515.51.1639
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1340.7889.6671.8562.1499.0464.9438.6397.5384.7
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance527.1
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1340.7889.6671.8562.1499.0464.9438.6397.5384.7
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low615.10.9754
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium479.81.2505
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High430.21.3947
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low800.50.7495
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium595.21.0080
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High515.51.1639
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating527.11.1383
FinRating, kevyt tuuli917.11.0904
FinRating, kova tuuli418.61.1944
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low615.10.9754
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium479.81.2505
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High430.21.3947
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low800.50.7495
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium595.21.0080
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High515.51.1639
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance1.1383
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.9754
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.2505
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.3947
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.7495
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium1.0080
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.1639
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1340.7889.6671.8562.1499.0464.9438.6397.5384.7
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)540.6
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance527.11.1383
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low615.10.9754
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium479.81.2505
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High430.21.3947
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low800.50.7495
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium595.21.0080
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High515.51.1639
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1340.7889.6671.8562.1499.0464.9438.6397.5384.7
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low615.10.9754
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium479.81.2505
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High430.21.3947
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low800.50.7495
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium595.21.0080
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High515.51.1639
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance527.11.1383
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low615.10.9754
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium479.81.2505
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High430.21.3947
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low800.50.7495
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium595.21.0080
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High515.51.1639
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1340.7889.6671.8562.1499.0464.9438.6397.5384.7
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance527.11.1383
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low615.10.9754
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium479.81.2505
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High430.21.3947
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low800.50.7495
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium595.21.0080
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High515.51.1639
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1340.7889.6671.8562.1499.0464.9438.6397.5384.7
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low615.1
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium479.8
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High430.2
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low800.5
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium595.2
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High515.5
Predominantly Upwind516.4
Predominantly Downwind496.7
Predominantly Reaching470.6
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance527.11.1383
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low615.10.9754
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium479.81.2505
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High430.21.3947
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low800.50.7495
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium595.21.0080
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High515.51.1639
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1340.7889.6671.8562.1499.0464.9438.6397.5384.7
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.9754
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.2505
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.3947
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.7495
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium1.0080
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.1639
Coastal/Long Distance1.1383
Predominantly Upwind1.1619
Predominantly Downwind1.2081
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)540.6
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)1.2432
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.9754
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind1.2505
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind1.3947
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.7495
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind1.0080
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind1.1639
Motvind Singeltall1.1619
Medvind Singeltall1.2081
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low615.10.9754
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium479.81.2505
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High430.21.3947
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low800.50.7495
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium595.21.0080
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High515.51.1639
Coastal/Long Distance527.11.1383
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind516.41.1619
Predominantly Downwind496.71.2081
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore482.31.2440
Cape Doctor Coastal405.51.4795
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low615.10.9754
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium479.81.2505
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High430.21.3947
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low800.50.7495
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium595.21.0080
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High515.51.1639
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.9754
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.2505
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.3947
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.7495
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium1.0080
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.1639
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.9754
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.2505
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.3947
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.7495
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium1.0080
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.1639
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance527.11.1383
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low615.10.9754
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium479.81.2505
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High430.21.3947
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low800.50.7495
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium595.21.0080
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High515.51.1639
Predominantly Upwind516.41.1619
Predominantly Downwind496.71.2081
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1340.7889.6671.8562.1499.0464.9438.6397.5384.7
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance527.11.1383
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low615.10.9754
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium479.81.2505
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High430.21.3947
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low800.50.7495
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium595.21.0080
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High515.51.1639
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1340.7889.6671.8562.1499.0464.9438.6397.5384.7
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low615.10.9754
Triple Number AP Medium479.81.2504
Triple Number AP High430.21.3947
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low836.60.7172
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium595.21.0080
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High515.51.1639
Single Number Predominant Upwind536.11.1191
Single Number Predominant Reaching477.71.2559
Single Number Predominant Downwind519.01.1560
Predominant Upwind - Low726.10.8263
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med560.81.0699
Predominant Upwind - Medium501.41.1967
Predominant Upwind - Med/High471.51.2726
Predominant Upwind - High457.01.3128
Predominant Downwind Low762.90.7865
Predominant Downwind Low/Med563.21.0653
Predominant Downwind Medium479.41.2515
Predominant Downwind Med/High427.01.4052
Predominant Downwind High395.91.5157
Predominant Reaching Low655.70.9151
Predominant Reaching Low/Med504.71.1888
Predominant Reaching Medium447.31.3413
Predominant Reaching Med/High414.41.4477
Predominant Reaching High394.11.5224
SA/DSPL Upwind25.09SA/DSPL Downwind38.02
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low934.60.6420
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med687.50.8727
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium585.01.0256
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High524.01.1451
5-Band Windward/Leeward High494.81.2127
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low928.80.6460
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med689.50.8702
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium593.31.0114
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High538.41.1144
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High513.21.1692
5-Band AP Low682.10.8796
5-Band AP Low/Med539.61.1119
5-Band AP Medium473.51.2672
5-Band AP Med/High435.91.3766
5-Band AP High415.81.4430
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low801.20.7489
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med654.10.9173
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium562.41.0669
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High510.11.1762
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High484.31.2388
Chicago-Mac Upwind1.0876
Chicago-Mac All Purpose1.1057
Chicago-Mac Downwind1.1131
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.8097
Bayview-Mac Shore0.8180
Harvest Moon Regatta419.91.4289
Club Certificate2025
ParadiseNOR 12550
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassFIRST 50MeasurementHINPlan reviewHull constructionSolidCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA15.000Max. Beam4.364Draft2.795Displacement13,662Wetted area45.67IMS L13.495LSM013.225Acc. length14.183Sink (kg/mm) 33.83
VCGD-0.040VCGM0.030RM Rated (kg·m) 357.0Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight1,026Declared crew weightN/A
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeFolding 2 blades
InstallationStrutTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.000PBWPIPA0.0039
EDL3.730ST10.050ST20.180
ST30.180ST40.112ST50.280
RIG
Forestay tensionAftInner stayNone FittedMast materialCarbonSingle headsail furlerNoMainsail furlerArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays1CheckstaysSpreaders3Rotating mastNo
P19.500IG20.030ISP20.030MDT10.150MDL10.280MDT20.000MDL20.000TLTaperMW0.000GO0.000
E6.500J5.360BAS1.780FSD0.045SFJ0.510SPL5.916WPLTPS5.720BD0.000MWT0.00MCG0.000
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodVCG entered directlyVCG entered-0.040Flotation Date01/01/2015
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
Club Certificate2025
ParadiseNOR 12550
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateComment625-2024050608560.151.152.113.825.2170.5706/05/2024
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateComment625-2024061012580.071.753.406.508.909.8621.14NoYes0123.5010/06/2024366-2022081111580.050.941.853.705.557.4019.99NoNo 74.0510/08/2022
ASYMMETRIC SPINNAKER
IdSLUSLESLSHWSFLRatioAreaMeas.DateComment625-20240610121921.7819.0820.439.336.32148%148.5910/06/2024
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length14.2 mTable area0.66 m²Headroom1.90 mMinimum number of berths6Personal gear stowage0.24 m³Fresh water capacity246 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit6Food stowage0.36 m³Fuel capacity134 lCabin soleStovesSinksGalley gear stowageToiletWash basinNavigation areaHanging locker
*This list is a summary of the requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for details.