Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
Too MuchNOR 9390
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles54.9°54.9°54.1°53.4°53.3°53.2°52.8°48.0°48.0°
Beat VMG1.432.092.693.163.533.844.092.843.33
52°2.323.394.365.135.746.246.654.244.97
60°1.834.015.115.9625.8729.8429.854.415.12
75°3.344.715.856.747.347.707.978.468.94
90°3.494.876.026.887.447.798.108.699.34
110°3.214.585.786.747.397.818.138.769.47
120°3.054.395.596.567.277.718.048.679.36
135°2.683.945.106.086.887.457.838.449.09
150°2.313.444.535.506.347.047.548.198.80
Run VMG2.002.993.964.875.706.457.097.908.51
Gybe Angles154.1°154.1°158.2°166.9°173.6°178.6°179.3°179.8°179.8°
APH ToD:660.1CDL: 7.661APH ToT: 0.9089CertNo:7431
BOAT
ClassDEHLER 41 CrDesignerjudel/vrolijk&coBuilderDehler Segelyachten GmbHAge date01/1998Series date01/1997Offset fileDehler41DS.offData file7431
HULL
Length Overall12.450 mMaximum Beam3.952 mDraft2.014 mDisplacement8,888 kgDLR6.8169IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.340%Age Allowance0.487%
PROPELLER
InstallationShaft exposedTypeSolid 3 bladesDiameter0.440m
CREW
Maximum weight781 kg(default)Minimum weight651 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerNoCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail48.3949.10Headsail Luffed37.9837.98Headsail FlyingSymmetricAsymmetric
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail14.90Storm Jib12.79Heavy Weather Jib34.52
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails5
✱ Zero set flying
Spinnakers0
✱ Spinnaker pole aboard
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
Too MuchNOR 9390
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG2519.91725.61340.71140.11019.1936.7879.81269.01082.3
52°1551.61062.4825.4701.9627.4576.7541.7848.7724.0
60°1962.1898.6705.2603.7139.2120.6120.6816.2703.7
75°1076.6765.0615.1534.0490.6467.6451.7425.7402.5
90°1032.5738.7598.3522.9483.9462.1444.7414.4385.6
110°1121.8786.0622.8534.4486.9461.2442.9411.1380.0
120°1179.2819.3644.1549.1495.4466.7447.5415.4384.6
135°1341.6914.3705.6592.6523.2483.4460.0426.3396.1
150°1560.21047.4794.9654.7567.9511.3477.7439.5409.0
Run VMG1800.61204.8909.3739.4631.9558.3507.8455.4422.9
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward2160.21465.21125.0939.7825.5747.5693.8862.2752.6
All purpose1581.21080.4840.4711.3608.1560.0528.0651.9577.9
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward883.40.6792
All purpose660.10.9089
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low960.50.6247
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium649.80.9233
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High582.51.0301
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1295.10.4633
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium869.10.6904
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High770.40.7788
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance693.60.8651
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low960.50.6247
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium649.80.9233
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High582.51.0301
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1295.10.4633
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium869.10.6904
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High770.40.7788
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2308.61439.21037.1822.3629.3541.2478.7607.1540.6
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.5054
Downwind "popa"0.8388
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.5738
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.7002
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low960.50.6247
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium649.80.9233
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High582.51.0301
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1295.10.4633
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium869.10.6904
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High770.40.7788
Predominantly Upwind772.30.7769
Predominantly Downwind653.80.9177
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low960.40.6247
Triple Number AP Medium649.90.9232
Triple Number AP High582.51.0301
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1363.10.4402
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium869.10.6904
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High770.40.7788
Single Number Predominant Upwind841.30.7132
Single Number Predominant Reaching659.70.9095
Single Number Predominant Downwind697.80.8599
Predominant Upwind - Low1293.10.4640
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med905.20.6628
Predominant Upwind - Medium735.90.8153
Predominant Upwind - Med/High676.10.8875
Predominant Upwind - High783.20.7661
Predominant Downwind Low1125.60.5330
Predominant Downwind Low/Med775.60.7736
Predominant Downwind Medium618.70.9698
Predominant Downwind Med/High534.61.1223
Predominant Downwind High532.91.1260
Predominant Reaching Low1017.80.5895
Predominant Reaching Low/Med718.40.8352
Predominant Reaching Medium588.61.0194
Predominant Reaching Med/High527.61.1372
Predominant Reaching High546.71.0975
SA/DSPL Upwind19.98SA/DSPL Downwind19.98
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1553.90.3861
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med1065.60.5631
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium845.40.7097
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High743.40.8071
5-Band Windward/Leeward High814.10.7370
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1608.70.3730
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med1108.30.5414
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium884.40.6784
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High788.50.7610
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High885.20.6778
5-Band AP Low1070.80.5603
5-Band AP Low/Med795.90.7538
5-Band AP Medium630.40.9518
5-Band AP Med/High561.81.0681
5-Band AP High617.60.9714
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1334.20.4497
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med1029.10.5831
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium822.60.7294
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High732.20.8195
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High809.10.7416
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.6850
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.7549
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.8221
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.5062
Bayview-Mac Shore0.5097
Harvest Moon Regatta490.31.2237
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance693.60.8651
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low960.50.6247
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium649.80.9233
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High582.51.0301
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1295.10.4633
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium869.10.6904
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High770.40.7788
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2308.61439.21037.1822.3629.3541.2478.7607.1540.6
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance693.60.8651
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low960.50.6247
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium649.80.9233
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High582.51.0301
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1295.10.4633
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium869.10.6904
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High770.40.7788
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2308.61439.21037.1822.3629.3541.2478.7607.1540.6
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance693.6
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2308.61439.21037.1822.3629.3541.2478.7607.1540.6
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low960.50.6247
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium649.80.9233
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High582.51.0301
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1295.10.4633
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium869.10.6904
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High770.40.7788
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating693.60.8651
FinRating, kevyt tuuli1520.10.6578
FinRating, kova tuuli595.70.8394
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low960.50.6247
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium649.80.9233
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High582.51.0301
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1295.10.4633
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium869.10.6904
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High770.40.7788
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance0.8651
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.6247
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9233
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0301
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.4633
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.6904
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.7788
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2308.61439.21037.1822.3629.3541.2478.7607.1540.6
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)758.4
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance693.60.8651
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low960.50.6247
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium649.80.9233
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High582.51.0301
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1295.10.4633
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium869.10.6904
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High770.40.7788
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2308.61439.21037.1822.3629.3541.2478.7607.1540.6
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low960.50.6247
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium649.80.9233
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High582.51.0301
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1295.10.4633
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium869.10.6904
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High770.40.7788
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance693.60.8651
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low960.50.6247
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium649.80.9233
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High582.51.0301
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1295.10.4633
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium869.10.6904
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High770.40.7788
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2308.61439.21037.1822.3629.3541.2478.7607.1540.6
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance693.60.8651
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low960.50.6247
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium649.80.9233
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High582.51.0301
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1295.10.4633
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium869.10.6904
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High770.40.7788
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2308.61439.21037.1822.3629.3541.2478.7607.1540.6
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low960.5
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium649.8
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High582.5
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1295.1
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium869.1
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High770.4
Predominantly Upwind772.3
Predominantly Downwind653.8
Predominantly Reaching623.6
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance693.60.8651
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low960.50.6247
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium649.80.9233
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High582.51.0301
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1295.10.4633
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium869.10.6904
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High770.40.7788
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2308.61439.21037.1822.3629.3541.2478.7607.1540.6
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.6247
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9233
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0301
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.4633
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.6904
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.7788
Coastal/Long Distance0.8651
Predominantly Upwind0.7769
Predominantly Downwind0.9177
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)758.4
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)0.9089
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.6247
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind0.9233
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind1.0301
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.4633
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind0.6904
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind0.7788
Motvind Singeltall0.7769
Medvind Singeltall0.9177
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low960.50.6247
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium649.80.9233
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High582.51.0301
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1295.10.4633
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium869.10.6904
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High770.40.7788
Coastal/Long Distance693.60.8651
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind772.30.7769
Predominantly Downwind653.80.9177
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore785.50.7639
Cape Doctor Coastal600.10.9999
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low960.50.6247
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium649.80.9233
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High582.51.0301
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1295.10.4633
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium869.10.6904
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High770.40.7788
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.6247
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9233
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0301
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.4633
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.6904
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.7788
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.6247
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9233
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0301
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.4633
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.6904
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.7788
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance693.60.8651
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low960.50.6247
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium649.80.9233
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High582.51.0301
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1295.10.4633
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium869.10.6904
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High770.40.7788
Predominantly Upwind772.30.7769
Predominantly Downwind653.80.9177
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2308.61439.21037.1822.3629.3541.2478.7607.1540.6
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance693.60.8651
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low960.50.6247
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium649.80.9233
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High582.51.0301
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1295.10.4633
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium869.10.6904
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High770.40.7788
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2308.61439.21037.1822.3629.3541.2478.7607.1540.6
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low960.40.6247
Triple Number AP Medium649.90.9232
Triple Number AP High582.51.0301
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1363.10.4402
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium869.10.6904
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High770.40.7788
Single Number Predominant Upwind841.30.7132
Single Number Predominant Reaching659.70.9095
Single Number Predominant Downwind697.80.8599
Predominant Upwind - Low1293.10.4640
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med905.20.6628
Predominant Upwind - Medium735.90.8153
Predominant Upwind - Med/High676.10.8875
Predominant Upwind - High783.20.7661
Predominant Downwind Low1125.60.5330
Predominant Downwind Low/Med775.60.7736
Predominant Downwind Medium618.70.9698
Predominant Downwind Med/High534.61.1223
Predominant Downwind High532.91.1260
Predominant Reaching Low1017.80.5895
Predominant Reaching Low/Med718.40.8352
Predominant Reaching Medium588.61.0194
Predominant Reaching Med/High527.61.1372
Predominant Reaching High546.71.0975
SA/DSPL Upwind19.98SA/DSPL Downwind19.98
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1553.90.3861
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med1065.60.5631
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium845.40.7097
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High743.40.8071
5-Band Windward/Leeward High814.10.7370
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1608.70.3730
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med1108.30.5414
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium884.40.6784
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High788.50.7610
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High885.20.6778
5-Band AP Low1070.80.5603
5-Band AP Low/Med795.90.7538
5-Band AP Medium630.40.9518
5-Band AP Med/High561.81.0681
5-Band AP High617.60.9714
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1334.20.4497
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med1029.10.5831
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium822.60.7294
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High732.20.8195
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High809.10.7416
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.6850
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.7549
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.8221
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.5062
Bayview-Mac Shore0.5097
Harvest Moon Regatta490.31.2237
Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
Too MuchNOR 9390
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassDEHLER 41 CrMeasurementHINPlan reviewHull constructionCoredCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA12.450Max. Beam3.952Draft2.014Displacement8,888Wetted area33.52IMS L11.027LSM010.923Acc. length12.450Sink (kg/mm) 24.72
VCGD-999.000VCGM-998.996RM Rated (kg·m) 155139.5Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight781Declared crew weightN/A
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeSolid 3 blades
InstallationShaft exposedTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.440PBWPIPA0.0241
PSD0.000PHD0.000PHL0.000
PSA0.0°ESL0.000
ST10.000ST20.000ST30.000
ST40.000ST50.000
RIG
Forestay tensionAftInner stayNone FittedMast materialAluminumSingle headsail furlerNoMainsail furlerArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays0CheckstaysSpreaders2Rotating mastNo
P15.700IG15.990ISP15.990MDT10.120MDL10.220MDT20.000MDL20.000TL0.000MW0.000GO0.000
E5.420J4.600BAS1.870FSD0.040SFJ0.000SPL4.641WPLTPS5.300BD0.000MWT0.00MCG0.000
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodVCG entered directlyVCG entered-999.000Flotation Date01/01/2015
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
Too MuchNOR 9390
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateComment7431-2004012412000.170.001.773.224.3548.3901/01/1753
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateComment7431-2004012412010.000.000.000.000.004.8715.32NoNo 37.9801/01/1753
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length12.4 mTable area0.55 m²Headroom1.83 mMinimum number of berths5Personal gear stowage0.20 m³Fresh water capacity160 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit5Food stowage0.30 m³Fuel capacity98 lCabin soleStovesSinksGalley gear stowageToiletWash basinNavigation areaHanging locker
*This list is a summary of the requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for details.