Double HandedClub Certificate2025
KvilepulsNOR 16146
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles44.9°44.9°43.4°42.3°41.5°41.0°40.6°40.7°42.3°
Beat VMG1.832.613.273.774.174.514.754.864.71
52°2.894.054.995.676.226.646.927.117.05
60°3.124.325.275.966.506.897.147.377.36
75°3.234.515.576.376.907.177.357.677.81
90°3.584.956.066.857.337.617.797.988.09
110°3.645.056.176.967.427.768.068.598.90
120°3.504.875.986.817.337.688.008.629.25
135°3.034.325.446.347.007.437.778.409.06
150°2.503.654.715.606.336.907.307.888.43
Run VMG2.163.164.084.855.486.006.447.107.62
Gybe Angles144.7°144.7°146.9°148.0°149.2°152.8°157.9°164.3°179.8°
APH ToD:629.3CDL: 8.041APH ToT: 0.9534CertNo:676096
BOAT
ClassBavaria 37DesignerJ&JBuilderBavariaAge date01/2002Series date01/2002Offset fileBAVA37CL.OFFData file676096
HULL
Length Overall11.150 mMaximum Beam3.802 mDraft1.966 mDisplacement7,439 kgDLR7.0946IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.460%Age Allowance0.487%
PROPELLER
InstallationStrutTypeFolding 3 bladesDiameter0.380m
CREW
Maximum weight170 kg(default)Minimum weight120 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerNoCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail25.5325.54Headsail Luffed21.9921.99Headsail FlyingSymmetricAsymmetric59.9863.78 (All asymmetric spinnakers with SHW/SFL > 85%)
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail9.20Storm Jib10.72Heavy Weather Jib28.94
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails5
✱ One set on the forestay
Spinnakers4
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
Double HandedClub Certificate2025
KvilepulsNOR 16146
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG1962.41379.41100.1955.0863.2798.3758.2741.3763.6
52°1243.9888.8721.1634.4578.9541.9520.3506.5510.8
60°1153.6833.5683.4604.1554.0522.6504.0488.6488.8
75°1115.5798.0646.3564.8522.0501.9489.8469.3460.7
90°1006.8726.6594.4525.3491.4473.1462.4451.0444.8
110°988.7712.8583.1517.3485.0464.2446.7418.9404.4
120°1029.1739.4601.7528.6491.4468.6449.7417.4389.1
135°1188.0833.3661.5568.2514.5484.5463.6428.4397.2
150°1440.1985.7763.7643.3568.8521.5493.0456.8426.9
Run VMG1663.01138.2881.9742.9656.8600.3559.3506.8472.6
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward1812.21258.8991.0848.9760.0699.3658.7624.1618.1
All purpose1356.9956.5764.2662.6602.1563.0537.1512.0503.7
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward796.80.7530
All purpose629.30.9534
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low860.30.6974
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium626.00.9585
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High534.11.1233
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1124.90.5334
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium793.80.7559
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High655.90.9148
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance691.00.8683
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low860.30.6974
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium626.00.9585
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High534.11.1233
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1124.90.5334
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium793.80.7559
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High655.90.9148
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1911.21246.7925.0755.5648.8585.4541.6487.2474.7
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.6368
Downwind "popa"0.8258
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.6837
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.7583
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low860.30.6974
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium626.00.9585
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High534.11.1233
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1124.90.5334
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium793.80.7559
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High655.90.9148
Predominantly Upwind696.10.8619
Predominantly Downwind632.20.9491
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low860.40.6974
Triple Number AP Medium626.10.9583
Triple Number AP High534.11.1233
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1179.50.5087
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium793.80.7559
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High655.90.9148
Single Number Predominant Upwind730.80.8210
Single Number Predominant Reaching619.40.9687
Single Number Predominant Downwind663.70.9041
Predominant Upwind - Low1091.50.5497
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med796.40.7534
Predominant Upwind - Medium668.10.8981
Predominant Upwind - Med/High591.91.0137
Predominant Upwind - High568.41.0555
Predominant Downwind Low1018.50.5891
Predominant Downwind Low/Med729.80.8221
Predominant Downwind Medium604.20.9930
Predominant Downwind Med/High528.61.1352
Predominant Downwind High492.81.2176
Predominant Reaching Low917.60.6539
Predominant Reaching Low/Med671.60.8934
Predominant Reaching Medium567.51.0573
Predominant Reaching Med/High508.61.1797
Predominant Reaching High484.21.2391
SA/DSPL Upwind12.39SA/DSPL Downwind22.29
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1330.30.4510
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med946.30.6341
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium775.40.7738
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High668.30.8978
5-Band Windward/Leeward High629.00.9538
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1355.30.4427
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med968.00.6198
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium796.10.7537
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High688.90.8710
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High652.80.9191
5-Band AP Low952.50.6299
5-Band AP Low/Med732.80.8188
5-Band AP Medium613.70.9777
5-Band AP Med/High542.71.1055
5-Band AP High514.91.1653
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1142.80.5250
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med906.30.6620
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium746.60.8036
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High648.10.9258
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High613.10.9787
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.7858
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.8293
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.8663
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.5784
Bayview-Mac Shore0.5823
Harvest Moon Regatta526.81.1390
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance691.00.8683
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low860.30.6974
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium626.00.9585
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High534.11.1233
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1124.90.5334
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium793.80.7559
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High655.90.9148
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1911.21246.7925.0755.5648.8585.4541.6487.2474.7
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance691.00.8683
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low860.30.6974
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium626.00.9585
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High534.11.1233
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1124.90.5334
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium793.80.7559
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High655.90.9148
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1911.21246.7925.0755.5648.8585.4541.6487.2474.7
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance691.0
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1911.21246.7925.0755.5648.8585.4541.6487.2474.7
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low860.30.6974
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium626.00.9585
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High534.11.1233
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1124.90.5334
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium793.80.7559
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High655.90.9148
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating691.00.8683
FinRating, kevyt tuuli1301.10.7686
FinRating, kova tuuli518.90.9636
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low860.30.6974
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium626.00.9585
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High534.11.1233
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1124.90.5334
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium793.80.7559
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High655.90.9148
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance0.8683
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.6974
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9585
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1233
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5334
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7559
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9148
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1911.21246.7925.0755.5648.8585.4541.6487.2474.7
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)716.7
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance691.00.8683
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low860.30.6974
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium626.00.9585
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High534.11.1233
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1124.90.5334
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium793.80.7559
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High655.90.9148
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1911.21246.7925.0755.5648.8585.4541.6487.2474.7
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low860.30.6974
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium626.00.9585
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High534.11.1233
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1124.90.5334
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium793.80.7559
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High655.90.9148
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance691.00.8683
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low860.30.6974
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium626.00.9585
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High534.11.1233
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1124.90.5334
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium793.80.7559
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High655.90.9148
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1911.21246.7925.0755.5648.8585.4541.6487.2474.7
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance691.00.8683
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low860.30.6974
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium626.00.9585
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High534.11.1233
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1124.90.5334
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium793.80.7559
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High655.90.9148
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1911.21246.7925.0755.5648.8585.4541.6487.2474.7
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low860.3
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium626.0
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High534.1
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1124.9
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium793.8
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High655.9
Predominantly Upwind696.1
Predominantly Downwind632.2
Predominantly Reaching600.7
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance691.00.8683
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low860.30.6974
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium626.00.9585
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High534.11.1233
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1124.90.5334
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium793.80.7559
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High655.90.9148
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1911.21246.7925.0755.5648.8585.4541.6487.2474.7
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.6974
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9585
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1233
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5334
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7559
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9148
Coastal/Long Distance0.8683
Predominantly Upwind0.8619
Predominantly Downwind0.9491
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)716.7
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)0.9534
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.6974
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind0.9585
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind1.1233
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.5334
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind0.7559
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind0.9148
Motvind Singeltall0.8619
Medvind Singeltall0.9491
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low860.30.6974
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium626.00.9585
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High534.11.1233
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1124.90.5334
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium793.80.7559
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High655.90.9148
Coastal/Long Distance691.00.8683
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind696.10.8619
Predominantly Downwind632.20.9491
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore619.90.9679
Cape Doctor Coastal506.21.1854
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low860.30.6974
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium626.00.9585
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High534.11.1233
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1124.90.5334
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium793.80.7559
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High655.90.9148
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.6974
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9585
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1233
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5334
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7559
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9148
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.6974
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9585
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1233
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5334
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7559
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9148
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance691.00.8683
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low860.30.6974
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium626.00.9585
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High534.11.1233
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1124.90.5334
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium793.80.7559
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High655.90.9148
Predominantly Upwind696.10.8619
Predominantly Downwind632.20.9491
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1911.21246.7925.0755.5648.8585.4541.6487.2474.7
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance691.00.8683
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low860.30.6974
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium626.00.9585
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High534.11.1233
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1124.90.5334
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium793.80.7559
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High655.90.9148
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1911.21246.7925.0755.5648.8585.4541.6487.2474.7
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low860.40.6974
Triple Number AP Medium626.10.9583
Triple Number AP High534.11.1233
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1179.50.5087
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium793.80.7559
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High655.90.9148
Single Number Predominant Upwind730.80.8210
Single Number Predominant Reaching619.40.9687
Single Number Predominant Downwind663.70.9041
Predominant Upwind - Low1091.50.5497
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med796.40.7534
Predominant Upwind - Medium668.10.8981
Predominant Upwind - Med/High591.91.0137
Predominant Upwind - High568.41.0555
Predominant Downwind Low1018.50.5891
Predominant Downwind Low/Med729.80.8221
Predominant Downwind Medium604.20.9930
Predominant Downwind Med/High528.61.1352
Predominant Downwind High492.81.2176
Predominant Reaching Low917.60.6539
Predominant Reaching Low/Med671.60.8934
Predominant Reaching Medium567.51.0573
Predominant Reaching Med/High508.61.1797
Predominant Reaching High484.21.2391
SA/DSPL Upwind12.39SA/DSPL Downwind22.29
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1330.30.4510
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med946.30.6341
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium775.40.7738
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High668.30.8978
5-Band Windward/Leeward High629.00.9538
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1355.30.4427
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med968.00.6198
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium796.10.7537
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High688.90.8710
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High652.80.9191
5-Band AP Low952.50.6299
5-Band AP Low/Med732.80.8188
5-Band AP Medium613.70.9777
5-Band AP Med/High542.71.1055
5-Band AP High514.91.1653
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1142.80.5250
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med906.30.6620
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium746.60.8036
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High648.10.9258
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High613.10.9787
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.7858
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.8293
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.8663
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.5784
Bayview-Mac Shore0.5823
Harvest Moon Regatta526.81.1390
Double HandedClub Certificate2025
KvilepulsNOR 16146
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassBavaria 37MeasurementHINPlan reviewHull constructionSolidCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA11.150Max. Beam3.802Draft1.966Displacement7,439Wetted area29.76IMS L10.097LSM010.158Acc. length11.150Sink (kg/mm) 23.14
VCGD0.194VCGM0.275RM Rated (kg·m) 174.9Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight170Declared crew weightN/A
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeFolding 3 blades
InstallationStrutTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.380PBWPIPA0.0039
EDL1.400ST10.065ST20.180
ST30.180ST40.110ST50.295
RIG
Forestay tensionForwardInner stayNone FittedMast materialAluminumSingle headsail furlerYesMainsail furlerIn mastArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays0CheckstaysSpreaders2Rotating mastNo
P13.440IG14.640ISP14.440MDT10.150MDL10.250MDT20.000MDL20.000TLNo TaperMW0.000GO0.000
E3.910J3.750BAS1.680FSDFoilSFJ0.000SPL0.000WPLTPS4.030BD0.000MWT0.00MCG0.000
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodRM estimatedFlotation Date03/04/2019
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
Double HandedClub Certificate2025
KvilepulsNOR 16146
Norges Seilforbund
Sognsveien 73
0854 OSLO
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateComment430-2025081408540.040.440.871.822.9425.5315/07/2025
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateComment430-2025081408570.040.482.122.010.954.6711.96NoNo 21.9915/07/2025
ASYMMETRIC SPINNAKER
IdSLUSLESLSHWSFLRatioAreaMeas.DateComment430-20250814085812.8910.9511.925.936.4792%59.9815/07/2025
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length11.2 mTable area0.55 m²Headroom1.77 mMinimum number of berths5Personal gear stowage0.20 m³Fresh water capacity130 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit5Food stowage0.30 m³Fuel capacity74 lCabin soleStovesSinksGalley gear stowageToiletWash basinNavigation areaHanging locker
*This list is a summary of the requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for details.