Club
Certificate
Double Handed
2024

Boat

PAALAN

ESP-11044_C

RFEV
c/ Gamazo sn
39004 Santander – España
crucero@rfev.es
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles44.6°42.6°41.5°40.6°40.1°40.0°41.2°42.2°
Beat VMG3.093.744.204.474.594.644.634.48
52°4.765.646.196.486.636.696.736.68
60°5.055.916.406.666.826.906.976.97
75°5.266.106.556.827.027.177.357.45
90°5.186.076.586.917.127.287.617.85
110°5.066.106.687.047.357.648.108.42
120°4.895.956.606.997.327.648.339.04
135°4.395.486.296.767.107.438.118.98
150°3.734.755.596.176.556.847.337.86
Run VMG3.234.124.845.345.776.286.927.42
Gybe Angles144.9°146.3°146.6°147.6°170.1°172.3°174.7°174.3°
APH ToD:620.5CDL: 7.621APH ToT: 0.9669CertNo:11044R1
BOAT
ClassSUN ODYSSEY 32.2DesignerJacques FaurouxBuilderJEANNEAUAge date01/1999Series date01/1998Offset fileSOD322CL.OFFData fileE11044_C
HULL
Length Overall9.344 mMaximum Beam3.000 mDraft1.482 mDisplacement4,067 kgDLR7.2406IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.380%Age Allowance0.487%
PROPELLER
InstallationShaft exposedTypeSolid 2 bladesDiameter0.200m
CREW
Maximum weight170 kg(default)Minimum weight120 kg * when appliedNon Manual PowerNoCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail20.1420.36Headsail Luffed30.8030.80Headsail FlyingSymmetricAsymmetric57.3457.34 (All asymmetric spinnakers with SHW/SFL > 85%)
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail6.16Storm Jib7.74Heavy Weather Jib20.90
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails1 * Woven polyester sails  Spinnakers4
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
COMMENTS
CASCO ESTIMADO
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.

Club
Certificate
Double Handed
2024

Boat

PAALAN

ESP-11044_C

RFEV
c/ Gamazo sn
39004 Santander – España
crucero@rfev.es
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG1166.9962.9858.0804.6783.7775.4777.9803.6
52°756.0638.1581.3555.6543.1538.1534.7538.7
60°713.1609.2562.8540.7528.2521.7516.5516.8
75°684.2590.0549.3527.7513.2502.2489.8483.4
90°694.4593.5546.8520.9505.4494.7472.8458.9
110°712.0590.1538.8511.3489.8470.9444.2427.7
120°736.8604.7545.4515.3492.1471.1432.1398.2
135°819.6657.2572.7532.5506.9484.8444.0401.0
150°966.1757.5644.4583.5549.6526.5491.0458.1
Run VMG1115.5874.7744.0673.7624.3573.6520.6485.4
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward1141.2918.8801.0739.2704.0674.5649.2644.5
All purpose875.2717.9639.0598.3575.1557.8537.1527.0
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward771.60.7776
All purpose620.50.9669
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low796.60.7532
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium616.10.9739
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High554.41.0822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1030.00.5825
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium766.00.7833
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High672.40.8923
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance677.10.8861
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low796.60.7532
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium616.10.9739
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High554.41.0822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1030.00.5825
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium766.00.7833
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High672.40.8923
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1138.6863.3721.2640.4598.1564.2510.7495.2
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.6852
Downwind "popa"0.8193
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.7206
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.7739
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low796.60.7532
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium616.10.9739
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High554.41.0822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1030.00.5825
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium766.00.7833
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High672.40.8923
Predominantly Upwind669.30.8964
Predominantly Downwind631.80.9497
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Predominant Upwind668.00.8981
Predominant Reaching602.50.9958
Predominant Downwind602.50.9958
Predominant Upwind - Low878.20.6832
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med733.90.8176
Predominant Upwind - Medium647.50.9267
Predominant Upwind - Med/High607.20.9881
Predominant Upwind - High594.31.0097
Predominant Reaching Low780.10.7691
Predominant Reaching Low/Med651.60.9208
Predominant Reaching Medium573.51.0463
Predominant Reaching Med/High530.21.1317
Predominant Reaching High505.31.1874
Predominant Downwind Low780.10.7691
Predominant Downwind Low/Med712.50.8421
Predominant Downwind Medium610.00.9837
Predominant Downwind Med/High547.31.0963
Predominant Downwind High511.01.1741
Harvest Moon Regatta539.51.1121
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8794
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.9041
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.9335
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.8421
Bayview-Mac Shore0.8505
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1090.70.5501
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med883.50.6791
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium753.10.7967
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High680.80.8814
5-Band Windward/Leeward High652.80.9191
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1030.00.5825
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium766.00.7833
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High672.40.8923
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1096.70.5471
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med893.30.6716
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium766.70.7826
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High700.50.8565
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High678.60.8841
5-Band AP Low839.50.7147
5-Band AP Low/Med695.60.8626
5-Band AP Medium607.80.9872
5-Band AP Med/High560.71.0701
5-Band AP High539.01.1132
Triple Number AP Low796.60.7532
Triple Number AP Medium616.10.9738
Triple Number AP High554.41.0822
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1036.50.5789
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med844.10.7108
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium724.70.8279
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High662.40.9058
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High638.90.9391
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance677.10.8861
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low796.60.7532
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium616.10.9739
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High554.41.0822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1030.00.5825
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium766.00.7833
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High672.40.8923
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1138.6863.3721.2640.4598.1564.2510.7495.2
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance677.10.8861
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low796.60.7532
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium616.10.9739
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High554.41.0822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1030.00.5825
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium766.00.7833
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High672.40.8923
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1138.6863.3721.2640.4598.1564.2510.7495.2
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance677.1
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1138.6863.3721.2640.4598.1564.2510.7495.2
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low796.60.7532
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium616.10.9739
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High554.41.0822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1030.00.5825
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium766.00.7833
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High672.40.8923
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating (Coastal/Long Distance)677.10.8861
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low796.60.7532
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium616.10.9739
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High554.41.0822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1030.00.5825
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium766.00.7833
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High672.40.8923
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1138.6863.3721.2640.4598.1564.2510.7495.2
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low796.60.7532
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium616.10.9739
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High554.41.0822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1030.00.5825
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium766.00.7833
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High672.40.8923
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7532
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9739
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5825
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7833
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8923
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1138.6863.3721.2640.4598.1564.2510.7495.2
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance677.10.8861
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low796.60.7532
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium616.10.9739
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High554.41.0822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1030.00.5825
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium766.00.7833
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High672.40.8923
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1138.6863.3721.2640.4598.1564.2510.7495.2
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low796.60.7532
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium616.10.9739
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High554.41.0822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1030.00.5825
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium766.00.7833
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High672.40.8923
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance677.10.8861
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low796.60.7532
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium616.10.9739
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High554.41.0822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1030.00.5825
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium766.00.7833
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High672.40.8923
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1138.6863.3721.2640.4598.1564.2510.7495.2
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance677.10.8861
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low796.60.7532
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium616.10.9739
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High554.41.0822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1030.00.5825
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium766.00.7833
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High672.40.8923
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1138.6863.3721.2640.4598.1564.2510.7495.2
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low796.6
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium616.1
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High554.4
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1030.0
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium766.0
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High672.4
Predominantly Upwind669.3
Predominantly Downwind631.8
Predominantly Reaching602.5
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance677.10.8861
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low796.60.7532
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium616.10.9739
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High554.41.0822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1030.00.5825
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium766.00.7833
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High672.40.8923
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1138.6863.3721.2640.4598.1564.2510.7495.2
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7532
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9739
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5825
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7833
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8923
Coastal/Long Distance0.8861
Predominantly Upwind0.8964
Predominantly Downwind0.9497
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)696.2
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Tretall Distanseseilas Lite vind0.7532
Tretall Distanseseilas Mellomvind0.9739
Tretall Distanseseilas Mye vind1.0822
Tretall Pølsebane Lite vind0.5825
Tretall Pølsebane Mellomvind0.7833
Tretall Pølsebane Mye vind0.8923
Distanseseilas ett tall (OSN 8-16kn)0.8861
Distanseseilas ett tall (APH 6-20kn)0.9669
Enkeltall Motvind0.8964
Enkeltall Medvind0.9497
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low796.60.7532
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium616.10.9739
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High554.41.0822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1030.00.5825
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium766.00.7833
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High672.40.8923
Coastal/Long Distance677.10.8861
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind669.30.8964
Predominantly Downwind631.80.9497
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore645.90.9289
Cape Doctor Coastal530.11.1319
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low796.60.7532
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium616.10.9739
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High554.41.0822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1030.00.5825
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium766.00.7833
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High672.40.8923
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7532
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9739
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5825
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7833
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8923
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7532
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9739
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5825
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7833
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8923
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance677.10.8861
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low796.60.7532
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium616.10.9739
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High554.41.0822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1030.00.5825
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium766.00.7833
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High672.40.8923
Predominantly Upwind669.30.8964
Predominantly Downwind631.80.9497
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1138.6863.3721.2640.4598.1564.2510.7495.2
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance677.10.8861
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low796.60.7532
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium616.10.9739
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High554.41.0822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1030.00.5825
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium766.00.7833
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High672.40.8923
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1138.6863.3721.2640.4598.1564.2510.7495.2
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Predominant Upwind668.00.8981
Predominant Reaching602.50.9958
Predominant Downwind602.50.9958
Predominant Upwind - Low878.20.6832
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med733.90.8176
Predominant Upwind - Medium647.50.9267
Predominant Upwind - Med/High607.20.9881
Predominant Upwind - High594.31.0097
Predominant Reaching Low780.10.7691
Predominant Reaching Low/Med651.60.9208
Predominant Reaching Medium573.51.0463
Predominant Reaching Med/High530.21.1317
Predominant Reaching High505.31.1874
Predominant Downwind Low780.10.7691
Predominant Downwind Low/Med712.50.8421
Predominant Downwind Medium610.00.9837
Predominant Downwind Med/High547.31.0963
Predominant Downwind High511.01.1741
Harvest Moon Regatta539.51.1121
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8794
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.9041
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.9335
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.8421
Bayview-Mac Shore0.8505
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1090.70.5501
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med883.50.6791
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium753.10.7967
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High680.80.8814
5-Band Windward/Leeward High652.80.9191
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1030.00.5825
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium766.00.7833
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High672.40.8923
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1096.70.5471
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med893.30.6716
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium766.70.7826
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High700.50.8565
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High678.60.8841
5-Band AP Low839.50.7147
5-Band AP Low/Med695.60.8626
5-Band AP Medium607.80.9872
5-Band AP Med/High560.71.0701
5-Band AP High539.01.1132
Triple Number AP Low796.60.7532
Triple Number AP Medium616.10.9738
Triple Number AP High554.41.0822
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1036.50.5789
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med844.10.7108
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium724.70.8279
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High662.40.9058
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High638.90.9391

Club
Certificate
Double Handed
2024

Boat

PAALAN

ESP-11044_C

RFEV
c/ Gamazo sn
39004 Santander – España
crucero@rfev.es
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassSUN ODYSSEY 32.2MeasurementHINPlan reviewHull constructionSolidCarbon RudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA9.344Max. Beam3.000Draft1.482Displacement4,067Wetted area19.13IMS L8.354LSM08.250Acc. length9.344Sink (kg/mm) 13.78
VCGD-0.413VCGM-0.357RM Rated (kg·m) 88.7Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight523Declared crew weightN/A
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeSolid 2 blades
InstallationShaft exposedTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.200PBWPIPA0.0061
PSD0.025PHD0.050PHL0.110
PSA20.6°ESL0.750
ST10.024ST20.076ST30.085
ST40.054ST50.190
RIG
Forestay tensionFixedInner stayNone FittedMast materialAluminumSingle headsail furlerYesMainsail furlerIn boomArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunners/Checkstays0Spreaders1Rotating mastNo
P11.000IG12.440ISP12.500MDT10.100MDL10.110MDT2MDL2TLMWGO
E3.200J3.320BAS1.600FSD0.050SFJSPLWPLTPS3.330BDMWTMCG
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodRM entered directlyRM entered90.0Flotation Date01/01/2010
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible

Club
Certificate
Double Handed
2024

Boat

PAALAN

ESP-11044_C

RFEV
c/ Gamazo sn
39004 Santander – España
crucero@rfev.es
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateCommentM0.060.601.091.962.6320.1416/01/2024
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateComment04.70NoNo 30.80
ASYMMETRIC SPINNAKER
IdSLUSLESLSHWSFLRatioAreaMeas.DateCommentA11.4710.3610.926.306.32100%57.3419/02/2024
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length9.3 mTable area0.44 m²Headroom1.65 mMinimum number of berths4Personal gear stowage0.16 m³Fresh water capacity66 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit 4 Food stowage0.24 m³Fuel capacity36 l
*This list refers to the calculated requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for the complete list of requirements.