Double HandedClub Certificate2025
MULATITUSESP-7928_C
RFEV
c/ Gamazo sn
39004 Santander – España
crucero@rfev.es
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles43.4°43.4°41.4°40.3°39.5°39.7°39.7°40.5°42.3°
Beat VMG2.423.313.984.424.654.754.794.774.65
52°3.775.045.926.426.686.806.866.906.87
60°4.015.316.166.626.867.007.077.147.14
75°4.195.516.336.787.047.227.357.507.58
90°4.105.436.306.807.117.317.507.808.01
110°3.885.296.326.897.247.527.788.138.41
120°3.705.096.146.807.197.497.798.458.94
135°3.234.535.626.446.967.327.648.339.32
150°2.663.864.955.856.557.007.358.008.77
Run VMG2.313.344.295.105.816.396.857.508.12
Gybe Angles146.2°146.2°151.0°154.8°161.0°167.8°176.3°178.8°178.6°
APH ToD:595.0CDL: 7.986APH ToT: 1.0085CertNo:7928R1
BOAT
ClassFIRST 35S5 (BK)DesignerJ. BERRETBuilderBENETEAUAge date01/1989Series date01/1989Offset fileE220.OFFData fileE7928_C
HULL
Length Overall10.448 mMaximum Beam3.572 mDraft1.869 mDisplacement5,197 kgDLR9.6219IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.320%Age Allowance0.487%
PROPELLER
InstallationShaft exposedTypeFolding 3 bladesDiameter0.400m
CREW
Maximum weight170 kg(default)Minimum weight120 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerNoCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail35.6336.49Headsail Luffed28.7428.74Headsail FlyingSymmetric62.5062.50Asymmetric
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail10.16Storm Jib8.30Heavy Weather Jib22.40
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails5
✱ One set on the forestay
✱ Woven polyester sails
Spinnakers4
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
COMMENTS
MEDIDAS ESTIMADAS
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
Double HandedClub Certificate2025
MULATITUSESP-7928_C
RFEV
c/ Gamazo sn
39004 Santander – España
crucero@rfev.es
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG1488.41087.4903.9815.2773.5758.3751.8754.3773.9
52°955.4713.9608.6560.3538.7529.2524.9521.9524.2
60°897.4677.5584.7543.9524.4514.3509.2504.4504.0
75°859.0653.2568.4531.3511.4498.8490.1480.3475.1
90°878.9662.8571.0529.0506.6492.4480.0461.8449.6
110°928.0680.1569.5522.6497.5478.8462.8442.7427.8
120°973.9707.7585.9529.6500.9480.4462.0426.1402.5
135°1116.1794.3640.1558.8517.3491.8471.2432.0386.1
150°1352.0933.0727.8615.0549.9514.0489.9450.2410.4
Run VMG1561.01077.4839.9705.7619.7563.0525.7479.7443.2
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward1522.81082.4871.9760.4696.6660.7638.8617.0608.6
All purpose1147.9832.5686.2613.1573.7551.7537.1518.4506.7
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward729.20.8228
All purpose595.01.0085
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low759.40.7901
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium590.71.0157
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High533.81.1241
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.20.6140
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium723.50.8293
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High636.10.9433
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance646.90.9275
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low759.40.7901
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium590.71.0157
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High533.81.1241
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.20.6140
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium723.50.8293
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High636.10.9433
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1620.61081.9821.0687.9612.0572.7542.6493.4479.3
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.7186
Downwind "popa"0.8730
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.7589
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.8201
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low759.40.7901
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium590.71.0157
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High533.81.1241
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.20.6140
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium723.50.8293
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High636.10.9433
Predominantly Upwind642.50.9339
Predominantly Downwind603.50.9942
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low759.40.7901
Triple Number AP Medium590.81.0156
Triple Number AP High533.71.1241
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1020.80.5878
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium723.50.8293
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High636.10.9433
Single Number Predominant Upwind668.00.8982
Single Number Predominant Reaching592.11.0133
Single Number Predominant Downwind631.10.9507
Predominant Upwind - Low906.80.6616
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med700.00.8571
Predominant Upwind - Medium622.60.9637
Predominant Upwind - Med/High587.31.0217
Predominant Upwind - High575.41.0428
Predominant Downwind Low926.50.6476
Predominant Downwind Low/Med684.00.8772
Predominant Downwind Medium581.81.0313
Predominant Downwind Med/High521.21.1511
Predominant Downwind High488.01.2294
Predominant Reaching Low814.90.7363
Predominant Reaching Low/Med626.80.9572
Predominant Reaching Medium553.51.0840
Predominant Reaching Med/High512.71.1702
Predominant Reaching High489.71.2252
SA/DSPL Upwind21.34SA/DSPL Downwind32.53
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1140.40.5262
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med837.70.7162
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium711.00.8439
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High643.70.9322
5-Band Windward/Leeward High619.30.9688
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1140.60.5260
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med846.30.7090
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium726.20.8262
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High666.00.9010
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High646.90.9275
5-Band AP Low839.60.7146
5-Band AP Low/Med665.40.9017
5-Band AP Medium582.91.0293
5-Band AP Med/High539.51.1122
5-Band AP High519.61.1547
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low982.50.6107
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med801.90.7482
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium688.80.8711
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High631.30.9505
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High609.70.9842
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8723
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.8976
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.9166
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6591
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6646
Harvest Moon Regatta518.11.1582
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance646.90.9275
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low759.40.7901
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium590.71.0157
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High533.81.1241
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.20.6140
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium723.50.8293
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High636.10.9433
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1620.61081.9821.0687.9612.0572.7542.6493.4479.3
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance646.90.9275
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low759.40.7901
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium590.71.0157
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High533.81.1241
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.20.6140
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium723.50.8293
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High636.10.9433
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1620.61081.9821.0687.9612.0572.7542.6493.4479.3
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance646.9
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1620.61081.9821.0687.9612.0572.7542.6493.4479.3
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low759.40.7901
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium590.71.0157
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High533.81.1241
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.20.6140
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium723.50.8293
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High636.10.9433
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating646.90.9275
FinRating, kevyt tuuli1120.20.8927
FinRating, kova tuuli522.30.9572
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low759.40.7901
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium590.71.0157
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High533.81.1241
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.20.6140
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium723.50.8293
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High636.10.9433
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance0.9275
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7901
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0157
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1241
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6140
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8293
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9433
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1620.61081.9821.0687.9612.0572.7542.6493.4479.3
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)666.6
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance646.90.9275
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low759.40.7901
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium590.71.0157
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High533.81.1241
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.20.6140
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium723.50.8293
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High636.10.9433
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1620.61081.9821.0687.9612.0572.7542.6493.4479.3
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low759.40.7901
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium590.71.0157
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High533.81.1241
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.20.6140
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium723.50.8293
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High636.10.9433
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance646.90.9275
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low759.40.7901
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium590.71.0157
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High533.81.1241
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.20.6140
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium723.50.8293
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High636.10.9433
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1620.61081.9821.0687.9612.0572.7542.6493.4479.3
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance646.90.9275
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low759.40.7901
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium590.71.0157
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High533.81.1241
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.20.6140
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium723.50.8293
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High636.10.9433
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1620.61081.9821.0687.9612.0572.7542.6493.4479.3
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low759.4
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium590.7
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High533.8
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.2
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium723.5
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High636.1
Predominantly Upwind642.5
Predominantly Downwind603.5
Predominantly Reaching579.4
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance646.90.9275
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low759.40.7901
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium590.71.0157
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High533.81.1241
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.20.6140
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium723.50.8293
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High636.10.9433
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1620.61081.9821.0687.9612.0572.7542.6493.4479.3
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7901
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0157
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1241
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6140
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8293
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9433
Coastal/Long Distance0.9275
Predominantly Upwind0.9339
Predominantly Downwind0.9942
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)666.6
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)1.0085
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.7901
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind1.0157
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind1.1241
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.6140
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind0.8293
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind0.9433
Motvind Singeltall0.9339
Medvind Singeltall0.9942
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low759.40.7901
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium590.71.0157
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High533.81.1241
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.20.6140
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium723.50.8293
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High636.10.9433
Coastal/Long Distance646.90.9275
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind642.50.9339
Predominantly Downwind603.50.9942
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore611.10.9818
Cape Doctor Coastal510.21.1760
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low759.40.7901
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium590.71.0157
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High533.81.1241
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.20.6140
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium723.50.8293
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High636.10.9433
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7901
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0157
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1241
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6140
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8293
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9433
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7901
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0157
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1241
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6140
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8293
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9433
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance646.90.9275
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low759.40.7901
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium590.71.0157
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High533.81.1241
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.20.6140
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium723.50.8293
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High636.10.9433
Predominantly Upwind642.50.9339
Predominantly Downwind603.50.9942
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1620.61081.9821.0687.9612.0572.7542.6493.4479.3
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance646.90.9275
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low759.40.7901
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium590.71.0157
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High533.81.1241
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low977.20.6140
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium723.50.8293
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High636.10.9433
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1620.61081.9821.0687.9612.0572.7542.6493.4479.3
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low759.40.7901
Triple Number AP Medium590.81.0156
Triple Number AP High533.71.1241
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1020.80.5878
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium723.50.8293
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High636.10.9433
Single Number Predominant Upwind668.00.8982
Single Number Predominant Reaching592.11.0133
Single Number Predominant Downwind631.10.9507
Predominant Upwind - Low906.80.6616
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med700.00.8571
Predominant Upwind - Medium622.60.9637
Predominant Upwind - Med/High587.31.0217
Predominant Upwind - High575.41.0428
Predominant Downwind Low926.50.6476
Predominant Downwind Low/Med684.00.8772
Predominant Downwind Medium581.81.0313
Predominant Downwind Med/High521.21.1511
Predominant Downwind High488.01.2294
Predominant Reaching Low814.90.7363
Predominant Reaching Low/Med626.80.9572
Predominant Reaching Medium553.51.0840
Predominant Reaching Med/High512.71.1702
Predominant Reaching High489.71.2252
SA/DSPL Upwind21.34SA/DSPL Downwind32.53
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1140.40.5262
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med837.70.7162
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium711.00.8439
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High643.70.9322
5-Band Windward/Leeward High619.30.9688
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1140.60.5260
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med846.30.7090
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium726.20.8262
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High666.00.9010
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High646.90.9275
5-Band AP Low839.60.7146
5-Band AP Low/Med665.40.9017
5-Band AP Medium582.91.0293
5-Band AP Med/High539.51.1122
5-Band AP High519.61.1547
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low982.50.6107
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med801.90.7482
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium688.80.8711
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High631.30.9505
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High609.70.9842
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8723
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.8976
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.9166
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6591
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6646
Harvest Moon Regatta518.11.1582
Double HandedClub Certificate2025
MULATITUSESP-7928_C
RFEV
c/ Gamazo sn
39004 Santander – España
crucero@rfev.es
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassFIRST 35S5 (BK)MeasurementHINPlan reviewHull constructionSolidCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA10.448Max. Beam3.572Draft1.869Displacement5,197Wetted area22.31IMS L8.518LSM08.143Acc. length10.446Sink (kg/mm) 16.93
VCGD-0.140VCGM-0.093RM Rated (kg·m) 117.9Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight170Declared crew weightN/A
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeFolding 3 blades
InstallationShaft exposedTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.400PBWPIPA0.0053
PSD0.025PHD0.067PHL0.100
PSA20.5°ESL1.015
ST10.028ST20.102ST30.102
ST40.056ST50.185
RIG
Forestay tensionAftInner stayNone FittedMast materialAluminumSingle headsail furlerYesMainsail furlerNoArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays0CheckstaysSpreaders2Rotating mastNo
P12.900IG12.880ISP12.900MDT10.110MDL10.175MDT20.095MDL20.130TL1.770MWGO
E4.500J3.200BAS1.500FSD0.050SFJ0.220SPL3.300WPLTPSBDMWTMCG
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodRM entered directlyRM entered120.0Flotation Date01/01/2010
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
Double HandedClub Certificate2025
MULATITUSESP-7928_C
RFEV
c/ Gamazo sn
39004 Santander – España
crucero@rfev.es
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateComment00135.63
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateComment0010.060.561.102.263.524.8012.32NoNo 28.74
SYMMETRIC SPINNAKER
IdSLUSLESLSHWSFLAreaMeas.DateComment10.0062.50
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length10.4 mTable area0.44 m²Headroom1.73 mMinimum number of berths4Personal gear stowage0.16 m³Fresh water capacity88 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit4Food stowage0.24 m³Fuel capacity58 lCabin soleStovesSinksGalley gear stowageToiletWash basinNavigation areaHanging locker
*This list is a summary of the requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for details.