Club Certificate2025
EL PINKIESP-5905_C
RFEV
c/ Gamazo sn
39004 Santander – España
crucero@rfev.es
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles42.6°42.6°40.7°39.4°38.0°37.0°36.8°37.1°38.4°
Beat VMG2.092.903.533.984.324.514.594.604.51
52°3.224.375.205.736.056.256.366.436.41
60°3.394.575.415.906.196.406.546.656.67
75°3.494.705.546.036.326.566.787.067.16
90°3.534.825.756.266.576.766.897.327.63
110°3.554.865.816.336.717.087.407.838.13
120°3.404.685.666.246.647.037.418.168.75
135°3.024.225.225.956.406.787.178.029.21
150°2.523.634.645.476.066.466.827.568.47
Run VMG2.183.154.024.775.425.926.316.987.67
Gybe Angles147.8°147.8°151.9°155.6°162.6°169.6°177.2°177.2°175.9°
APH ToD:646.2CDL: 6.841APH ToT: 0.9285CertNo:590501
BOAT
ClassFIRST 260 CBDesignerFINOTBuilderBENETEAUAge date05/2001Series date01/2000Offset fileFIRST257-CB.offData fileE5905_C
HULL
Length Overall7.461 mMaximum Beam2.758 mDraft1.863 mDisplacement2,249 kgDLR6.0085IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.240%Age Allowance0.487%
PROPELLER
InstallationShaft exposedTypeFeathering 2 bladesDiameter0.200m
CREW
Maximum weight431 kg(default)Minimum weight301 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerNoCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail20.0120.44Headsail Luffed15.1815.18Headsail FlyingSymmetric45.8645.86Asymmetric
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail5.90Storm Jib5.56Heavy Weather Jib15.02
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails5Spinnakers4
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
COMMENTS
DATOS DEL RI. QUILLA ABATIBLE
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
Club Certificate2025
EL PINKIESP-5905_C
RFEV
c/ Gamazo sn
39004 Santander – España
crucero@rfev.es
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG1718.51242.61020.6905.4834.2798.0784.7782.2798.9
52°1118.9824.6692.0628.3595.1576.1565.7559.8561.5
60°1062.3787.3665.7610.5581.8562.8550.3541.0540.0
75°1031.4766.2649.6596.9569.3548.5530.9510.0502.7
90°1019.2747.1626.0575.3548.3532.2522.4491.7472.1
110°1012.7740.7619.5568.8536.2508.7486.5460.0442.7
120°1059.8768.8636.2576.6541.8512.1486.1441.3411.6
135°1193.7852.8689.9604.8562.6530.6501.8449.0390.8
150°1428.0990.5776.3658.7594.0557.7528.0476.2425.2
Run VMG1651.41143.7895.0754.5664.6607.7570.3515.4469.2
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward1683.81193.2957.8830.0749.4702.8677.5648.8634.0
All purpose1285.8926.0757.6672.3622.6592.1572.4545.3528.0
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward787.00.7624
All purpose646.20.9285
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low841.80.7128
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium642.70.9335
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High567.21.0579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1075.50.5579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium782.00.7673
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High673.10.8914
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance701.30.8556
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low841.80.7128
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium642.70.9335
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High567.21.0579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1075.50.5579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium782.00.7673
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High673.10.8914
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1779.01188.2901.4752.1662.4613.7578.8521.3501.6
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.6596
Downwind "popa"0.8153
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.6997
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.7614
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low841.80.7128
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium642.70.9335
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High567.21.0579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1075.50.5579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium782.00.7673
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High673.10.8914
Predominantly Upwind701.70.8550
Predominantly Downwind653.60.9180
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low841.80.7128
Triple Number AP Medium642.80.9333
Triple Number AP High567.21.0579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1123.60.5340
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium782.00.7673
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High673.10.8914
Single Number Predominant Upwind731.20.8206
Single Number Predominant Reaching645.10.9301
Single Number Predominant Downwind682.30.8794
Predominant Upwind - Low1025.10.5853
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med777.90.7714
Predominant Upwind - Medium677.80.8852
Predominant Upwind - Med/High625.90.9586
Predominant Upwind - High606.80.9888
Predominant Downwind Low1009.10.5946
Predominant Downwind Low/Med742.70.8078
Predominant Downwind Medium629.40.9533
Predominant Downwind Med/High559.01.0733
Predominant Downwind High516.41.1620
Predominant Reaching Low906.30.6620
Predominant Reaching Low/Med687.90.8723
Predominant Reaching Medium601.40.9977
Predominant Reaching Med/High550.51.0900
Predominant Reaching High518.21.1578
SA/DSPL Upwind20.45SA/DSPL Downwind38.27
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1257.20.4772
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med916.60.6546
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium766.40.7829
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High682.90.8785
5-Band Windward/Leeward High651.20.9213
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1267.00.4736
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med930.30.6449
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium783.40.7659
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High704.50.8517
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High678.10.8848
5-Band AP Low932.40.6435
5-Band AP Low/Med732.40.8193
5-Band AP Medium632.80.9482
5-Band AP Med/High575.31.0429
5-Band AP High547.01.0969
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1086.30.5524
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med879.90.6819
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium743.50.8070
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High668.40.8976
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High638.60.9395
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.7930
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.8223
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.8466
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.5978
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6018
Harvest Moon Regatta560.51.0705
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance701.30.8556
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low841.80.7128
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium642.70.9335
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High567.21.0579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1075.50.5579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium782.00.7673
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High673.10.8914
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1779.01188.2901.4752.1662.4613.7578.8521.3501.6
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance701.30.8556
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low841.80.7128
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium642.70.9335
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High567.21.0579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1075.50.5579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium782.00.7673
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High673.10.8914
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1779.01188.2901.4752.1662.4613.7578.8521.3501.6
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance701.3
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1779.01188.2901.4752.1662.4613.7578.8521.3501.6
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low841.80.7128
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium642.70.9335
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High567.21.0579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1075.50.5579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium782.00.7673
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High673.10.8914
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating701.30.8556
FinRating, kevyt tuuli1236.20.8089
FinRating, kova tuuli550.20.9088
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low841.80.7128
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium642.70.9335
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High567.21.0579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1075.50.5579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium782.00.7673
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High673.10.8914
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance0.8556
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7128
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9335
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7673
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8914
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1779.01188.2901.4752.1662.4613.7578.8521.3501.6
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)727.9
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance701.30.8556
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low841.80.7128
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium642.70.9335
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High567.21.0579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1075.50.5579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium782.00.7673
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High673.10.8914
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1779.01188.2901.4752.1662.4613.7578.8521.3501.6
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low841.80.7128
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium642.70.9335
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High567.21.0579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1075.50.5579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium782.00.7673
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High673.10.8914
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance701.30.8556
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low841.80.7128
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium642.70.9335
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High567.21.0579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1075.50.5579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium782.00.7673
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High673.10.8914
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1779.01188.2901.4752.1662.4613.7578.8521.3501.6
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance701.30.8556
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low841.80.7128
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium642.70.9335
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High567.21.0579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1075.50.5579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium782.00.7673
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High673.10.8914
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1779.01188.2901.4752.1662.4613.7578.8521.3501.6
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low841.8
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium642.7
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High567.2
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1075.5
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium782.0
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High673.1
Predominantly Upwind701.7
Predominantly Downwind653.6
Predominantly Reaching629.3
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance701.30.8556
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low841.80.7128
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium642.70.9335
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High567.21.0579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1075.50.5579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium782.00.7673
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High673.10.8914
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1779.01188.2901.4752.1662.4613.7578.8521.3501.6
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7128
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9335
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7673
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8914
Coastal/Long Distance0.8556
Predominantly Upwind0.8550
Predominantly Downwind0.9180
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)727.9
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)0.9285
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.7128
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind0.9335
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind1.0579
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.5579
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind0.7673
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind0.8914
Motvind Singeltall0.8550
Medvind Singeltall0.9180
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low841.80.7128
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium642.70.9335
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High567.21.0579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1075.50.5579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium782.00.7673
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High673.10.8914
Coastal/Long Distance701.30.8556
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind701.70.8550
Predominantly Downwind653.60.9180
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore638.50.9397
Cape Doctor Coastal533.21.1253
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low841.80.7128
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium642.70.9335
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High567.21.0579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1075.50.5579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium782.00.7673
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High673.10.8914
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7128
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9335
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7673
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8914
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7128
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9335
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7673
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8914
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance701.30.8556
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low841.80.7128
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium642.70.9335
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High567.21.0579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1075.50.5579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium782.00.7673
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High673.10.8914
Predominantly Upwind701.70.8550
Predominantly Downwind653.60.9180
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1779.01188.2901.4752.1662.4613.7578.8521.3501.6
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance701.30.8556
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low841.80.7128
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium642.70.9335
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High567.21.0579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1075.50.5579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium782.00.7673
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High673.10.8914
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1779.01188.2901.4752.1662.4613.7578.8521.3501.6
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low841.80.7128
Triple Number AP Medium642.80.9333
Triple Number AP High567.21.0579
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1123.60.5340
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium782.00.7673
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High673.10.8914
Single Number Predominant Upwind731.20.8206
Single Number Predominant Reaching645.10.9301
Single Number Predominant Downwind682.30.8794
Predominant Upwind - Low1025.10.5853
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med777.90.7714
Predominant Upwind - Medium677.80.8852
Predominant Upwind - Med/High625.90.9586
Predominant Upwind - High606.80.9888
Predominant Downwind Low1009.10.5946
Predominant Downwind Low/Med742.70.8078
Predominant Downwind Medium629.40.9533
Predominant Downwind Med/High559.01.0733
Predominant Downwind High516.41.1620
Predominant Reaching Low906.30.6620
Predominant Reaching Low/Med687.90.8723
Predominant Reaching Medium601.40.9977
Predominant Reaching Med/High550.51.0900
Predominant Reaching High518.21.1578
SA/DSPL Upwind20.45SA/DSPL Downwind38.27
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1257.20.4772
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med916.60.6546
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium766.40.7829
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High682.90.8785
5-Band Windward/Leeward High651.20.9213
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1267.00.4736
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med930.30.6449
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium783.40.7659
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High704.50.8517
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High678.10.8848
5-Band AP Low932.40.6435
5-Band AP Low/Med732.40.8193
5-Band AP Medium632.80.9482
5-Band AP Med/High575.31.0429
5-Band AP High547.01.0969
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1086.30.5524
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med879.90.6819
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium743.50.8070
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High668.40.8976
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High638.60.9395
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.7930
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.8223
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.8466
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.5978
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6018
Harvest Moon Regatta560.51.0705
Club Certificate2025
EL PINKIESP-5905_C
RFEV
c/ Gamazo sn
39004 Santander – España
crucero@rfev.es
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassFIRST 260 CBMeasurementHINPlan reviewHull constructionSolidCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA7.461Max. Beam2.758Draft1.863Displacement2,249Wetted area14.54IMS L7.274LSM07.206Acc. length7.469Sink (kg/mm) 10.98
VCGD-0.118VCGM-0.114RM Rated (kg·m) 49.0Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight431Declared crew weightN/A
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeFeathering 2 blades
InstallationShaft exposedTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.200PBWPIPA0.0040
PSD0.025PHD0.060PHL0.020
PSA18.0°ESL0.800
ST10.050ST20.100ST30.100
ST40.080ST50.230
RIG
Forestay tensionAftInner stayNone FittedMast materialAluminumSingle headsail furlerNoMainsail furlerNoArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays0CheckstaysSpreaders1Rotating mastNo
P9.620IG10.545ISP10.600MDT10.100MDL10.110MDT2MDL2TLMWGO
E3.500J2.900BAS1.225FSD0.027SFJSPL3.200WPLTPSBD0.094MWTMCG
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodRM entered directlyRM entered50.0Flotation Date01/01/2010
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
Club Certificate2025
EL PINKIESP-5905_C
RFEV
c/ Gamazo sn
39004 Santander – España
crucero@rfev.es
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateComment10.140.741.322.2020.01RI
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateComment10.070.841.582.949.94NoNo 15.18RI
SYMMETRIC SPINNAKER
IdSLUSLESLSHWSFLAreaMeas.DateComment00110.1310.1310.135.445.4045.86RI
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length7.5 mTable area0.22 m²Headroom1.40 mMinimum number of berths2Personal gear stowage0.08 m³Fresh water capacity15 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit2Food stowage0.12 m³Fuel capacity20 lCabin soleStovesSinksGalley gear stowageToiletWash basinNavigation areaHanging locker
*This list is a summary of the requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for details.