Club Certificate2025
ImpalaBUL-677
ORC Bulgaria
Varna
Mosrka Gara 1
orcratingbulgaria@gmail.com
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles41.8°41.8°40.0°37.4°35.9°35.6°35.6°36.3°38.1°
Beat VMG2.373.203.814.214.414.484.504.504.39
52°3.634.775.485.805.976.066.116.166.15
60°3.834.975.605.906.096.216.276.356.37
75°3.945.065.665.996.226.406.536.686.77
90°3.814.965.656.066.346.536.687.007.22
110°3.604.815.626.046.386.707.007.578.01
120°3.404.615.475.946.276.596.937.738.71
135°2.954.115.055.686.066.386.707.468.74
150°2.453.534.505.275.786.126.427.067.94
Run VMG2.123.063.914.645.255.706.046.617.24
Gybe Angles148.3°148.3°152.8°158.6°166.4°177.2°178.8°178.8°178.0°
APH ToD:655.3CDL: 6.478APH ToT: 0.9156CertNo:047/25
BOAT
ClassConrad 25RDesignerPetersonBuilderGdansk, PolandAge date06/1984Series date01/1976Offset fileC760.offData fileBUL558
HULL
Length Overall7.650 mMaximum Beam2.756 mDraft1.520 mDisplacement1,542 kgDLR7.7035IMS DivisionPerformanceDynamic Allowance0.070%Age Allowance0.487%
PROPELLER
InstallationNo PropellerTypeN/ADiameterN/A
CREW
Maximum weight450 kg(declared)Minimum weight320 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerNoCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail18.1618.56Headsail Luffed16.4716.47Headsail FlyingSymmetric29.7829.78Asymmetric
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail5.32Storm Jib3.76Heavy Weather Jib10.16
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails5Spinnakers4
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
ORC Ref  03850003VIDIssued on 10/07/2025Valid until 31/12/2025
VPP ver: 2025 1.01 | © ORC | www.orc.org
Club Certificate2025
ImpalaBUL-677
ORC Bulgaria
Varna
Mosrka Gara 1
orcratingbulgaria@gmail.com
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG1520.91124.8945.6855.0815.7804.2799.2800.8819.6
52°992.6754.0657.0620.5602.6593.7589.2584.4585.6
60°939.1725.0642.6609.8591.2579.8574.0566.8565.1
75°913.6711.5635.7601.2578.8562.6551.2539.0531.8
90°944.6725.6637.3594.0568.1551.2538.9514.2498.8
110°1000.5748.4641.0596.1564.6537.6514.4475.5449.3
120°1060.2780.8657.6605.7573.9546.1519.2465.6413.2
135°1222.0875.0712.2633.7594.3564.5537.6482.5411.7
150°1467.21018.7799.8682.5622.9588.5560.7510.0453.3
Run VMG1697.11176.3920.9776.4686.2631.1596.2544.7497.5
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward1606.31150.6933.2815.7750.9717.6697.7672.8658.6
All purpose1217.2894.2747.3674.3635.0612.3595.9569.9549.4
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward786.20.7632
All purpose655.30.9156
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low820.70.7311
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium651.70.9206
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High590.31.0165
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1041.80.5759
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium779.40.7698
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High693.30.8654
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance707.90.8475
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low820.70.7311
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium651.70.9206
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High590.31.0165
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1041.80.5759
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium779.40.7698
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High693.30.8654
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1710.11153.2883.5747.1672.7634.1603.0546.5521.4
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.6835
Downwind "popa"0.7877
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.7117
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.7532
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low820.70.7311
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium651.70.9206
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High590.31.0165
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1041.80.5759
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium779.40.7698
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High693.30.8654
Predominantly Upwind699.80.8574
Predominantly Downwind670.50.8949
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low820.70.7311
Triple Number AP Medium651.80.9205
Triple Number AP High590.21.0165
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1086.90.5520
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium779.40.7698
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High693.30.8654
Single Number Predominant Upwind724.60.8280
Single Number Predominant Reaching655.50.9153
Single Number Predominant Downwind698.70.8587
Predominant Upwind - Low960.10.6249
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med755.40.7943
Predominant Upwind - Medium680.40.8818
Predominant Upwind - Med/High645.30.9298
Predominant Upwind - High630.00.9523
Predominant Downwind Low1005.70.5966
Predominant Downwind Low/Med753.30.7965
Predominant Downwind Medium648.70.9249
Predominant Downwind Med/High585.01.0256
Predominant Downwind High543.71.1035
Predominant Reaching Low881.90.6804
Predominant Reaching Low/Med691.50.8677
Predominant Reaching Medium618.00.9709
Predominant Reaching Med/High573.91.0455
Predominant Reaching High543.71.1036
SA/DSPL Upwind25.91SA/DSPL Downwind35.87
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1210.90.4955
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med896.90.6690
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium766.90.7823
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High701.30.8555
5-Band Windward/Leeward High674.60.8894
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1204.50.4981
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med901.70.6654
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium779.50.7697
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High721.40.8317
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High700.50.8566
5-Band AP Low907.30.6613
5-Band AP Low/Med726.60.8258
5-Band AP Medium643.80.9320
5-Band AP Med/High597.51.0041
5-Band AP High570.91.0511
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1045.40.5740
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med860.10.6976
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium745.40.8049
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High688.30.8717
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High662.30.9059
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8067
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.8213
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.8299
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6144
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6198
Harvest Moon Regatta580.51.0335
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance707.90.8475
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low820.70.7311
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium651.70.9206
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High590.31.0165
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1041.80.5759
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium779.40.7698
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High693.30.8654
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1710.11153.2883.5747.1672.7634.1603.0546.5521.4
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance707.90.8475
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low820.70.7311
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium651.70.9206
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High590.31.0165
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1041.80.5759
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium779.40.7698
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High693.30.8654
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1710.11153.2883.5747.1672.7634.1603.0546.5521.4
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance707.9
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1710.11153.2883.5747.1672.7634.1603.0546.5521.4
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low820.70.7311
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium651.70.9206
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High590.31.0165
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1041.80.5759
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium779.40.7698
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High693.30.8654
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
FinRating708.00.8475
FinRating, kevyt tuuli1192.40.8386
FinRating, kova tuuli573.30.8721
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low820.70.7311
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium651.70.9206
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High590.31.0165
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1041.80.5759
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium779.40.7698
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High693.30.8654
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance0.8475
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7311
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9206
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0165
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5759
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7698
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8654
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1710.11153.2883.5747.1672.7634.1603.0546.5521.4
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)730.7
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance707.90.8475
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low820.70.7311
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium651.70.9206
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High590.31.0165
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1041.80.5759
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium779.40.7698
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High693.30.8654
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1710.11153.2883.5747.1672.7634.1603.0546.5521.4
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low820.70.7311
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium651.70.9206
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High590.31.0165
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1041.80.5759
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium779.40.7698
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High693.30.8654
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance707.90.8475
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low820.70.7311
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium651.70.9206
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High590.31.0165
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1041.80.5759
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium779.40.7698
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High693.30.8654
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1710.11153.2883.5747.1672.7634.1603.0546.5521.4
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance707.90.8475
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low820.70.7311
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium651.70.9206
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High590.31.0165
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1041.80.5759
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium779.40.7698
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High693.30.8654
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1710.11153.2883.5747.1672.7634.1603.0546.5521.4
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low820.7
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium651.7
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High590.3
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1041.8
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium779.4
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High693.3
Predominantly Upwind699.8
Predominantly Downwind670.5
Predominantly Reaching644.6
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance707.90.8475
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low820.70.7311
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium651.70.9206
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High590.31.0165
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1041.80.5759
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium779.40.7698
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High693.30.8654
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1710.11153.2883.5747.1672.7634.1603.0546.5521.4
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7311
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9206
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0165
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5759
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7698
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8654
Coastal/Long Distance0.8475
Predominantly Upwind0.8574
Predominantly Downwind0.8949
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)730.7
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)0.9156
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.7311
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind0.9206
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind1.0165
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.5759
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind0.7698
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind0.8654
Motvind Singeltall0.8574
Medvind Singeltall0.8949
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low820.70.7311
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium651.70.9206
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High590.31.0165
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1041.80.5759
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium779.40.7698
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High693.30.8654
Coastal/Long Distance707.90.8475
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind699.80.8574
Predominantly Downwind670.50.8949
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore662.80.9052
Cape Doctor Coastal555.61.0800
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low820.70.7311
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium651.70.9206
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High590.31.0165
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1041.80.5759
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium779.40.7698
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High693.30.8654
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7311
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9206
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0165
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5759
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7698
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8654
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7311
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9206
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0165
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5759
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7698
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8654
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance707.90.8475
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low820.70.7311
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium651.70.9206
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High590.31.0165
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1041.80.5759
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium779.40.7698
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High693.30.8654
Predominantly Upwind699.80.8574
Predominantly Downwind670.50.8949
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1710.11153.2883.5747.1672.7634.1603.0546.5521.4
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance707.90.8475
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low820.70.7311
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium651.70.9206
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High590.31.0165
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1041.80.5759
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium779.40.7698
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High693.30.8654
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1710.11153.2883.5747.1672.7634.1603.0546.5521.4
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low820.70.7311
Triple Number AP Medium651.80.9205
Triple Number AP High590.21.0165
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1086.90.5520
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium779.40.7698
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High693.30.8654
Single Number Predominant Upwind724.60.8280
Single Number Predominant Reaching655.50.9153
Single Number Predominant Downwind698.70.8587
Predominant Upwind - Low960.10.6249
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med755.40.7943
Predominant Upwind - Medium680.40.8818
Predominant Upwind - Med/High645.30.9298
Predominant Upwind - High630.00.9523
Predominant Downwind Low1005.70.5966
Predominant Downwind Low/Med753.30.7965
Predominant Downwind Medium648.70.9249
Predominant Downwind Med/High585.01.0256
Predominant Downwind High543.71.1035
Predominant Reaching Low881.90.6804
Predominant Reaching Low/Med691.50.8677
Predominant Reaching Medium618.00.9709
Predominant Reaching Med/High573.91.0455
Predominant Reaching High543.71.1036
SA/DSPL Upwind25.91SA/DSPL Downwind35.87
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1210.90.4955
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med896.90.6690
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium766.90.7823
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High701.30.8555
5-Band Windward/Leeward High674.60.8894
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1204.50.4981
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med901.70.6654
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium779.50.7697
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High721.40.8317
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High700.50.8566
5-Band AP Low907.30.6613
5-Band AP Low/Med726.60.8258
5-Band AP Medium643.80.9320
5-Band AP Med/High597.51.0041
5-Band AP High570.91.0511
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1045.40.5740
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med860.10.6976
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium745.40.8049
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High688.30.8717
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High662.30.9059
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8067
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.8213
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.8299
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6144
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6198
Harvest Moon Regatta580.51.0335
ORC Ref  03850003VIDIssued on 10/07/2025Valid until 31/12/2025
VPP ver: 2025 1.01 | © ORC | www.orc.org
Club Certificate2025
ImpalaBUL-677
ORC Bulgaria
Varna
Mosrka Gara 1
orcratingbulgaria@gmail.com
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassConrad 25RMeasurement19/05/2016HINPlan reviewHull constructionSolidCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA7.650Max. Beam2.756Draft1.520Displacement1,542Wetted area11.23IMS L6.254LSM05.849Acc. length7.650Sink (kg/mm) 8.28
VCGD0.008VCGM0.007RM Rated (kg·m) 27.7Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight320Declared crew weight450
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeNo Propeller
Hydro generatorNo
RIG
Forestay tensionAftInner stayNone FittedMast materialAluminumSingle headsail furlerNoMainsail furlerNoArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays1CheckstaysSpreaders2Rotating mastNo
P9.200IG8.540ISP8.610MDT10.080MDL10.115MDT20.070MDL20.080TL1.200MW0.080GO0.120
E3.300J2.630BAS1.205FSD0.020SFJ0.115SPL2.630WPLTPSBDMWTMCG
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodRM estimatedFlotation Date09/01/2017
BALLAST
IdKindDescriptionWeightLCGVCGTCG#FixedBattery12
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
BALLASTIdKindDescriptionWeightLCGVCGTCG#FixedBattery12Fixed Ballast Total12
Total deductible
Total deductible
ORC Ref  03850003VIDIssued on 10/07/2025Valid until 31/12/2025
VPP ver: 2025 1.01 | © ORC | www.orc.org
Club Certificate2025
ImpalaBUL-677
ORC Bulgaria
Varna
Mosrka Gara 1
orcratingbulgaria@gmail.com
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateCommentA0.140.691.252.142.7918.16
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateCommentA0.090.540.981.912.943.918.41NoNo 16.47
SYMMETRIC SPINNAKER
IdSLUSLESLSHWSFLAreaMeas.DateComment18.288.288.284.394.0229.78
ORC Ref  03850003VIDIssued on 10/07/2025Valid until 31/12/2025
VPP ver: 2025 1.01 | © ORC | www.orc.org