Club
Certificate
2024

Boat

Spirit of Helsinki

FIN-71

Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles45.3°42.7°41.6°40.9°40.3°39.7°38.9°38.6°
Beat VMG4.225.155.756.106.336.486.646.72
52°6.577.788.558.969.169.299.429.49
60°6.998.168.879.249.449.569.689.76
75°7.298.429.099.459.699.8610.0310.17
90°7.178.339.089.509.7910.0110.3510.58
110°6.537.988.999.549.8910.1110.4410.62
120°6.397.848.919.529.9210.2510.7511.08
135°5.767.208.379.189.6910.0810.7911.48
150°4.836.177.338.349.109.6110.3511.06
Run VMG4.185.356.357.237.998.629.6410.33
Gybe Angles142.1°145.6°149.2°151.9°156.3°162.8°178.1°178.6°
APH ToD:455.5CDL: 14.943APH ToT: 1.3173CertNo:651-011
BOAT
ClassSwan 651DesignerGerman FrersBuilderNautor SwanAge date01/1982Series date01/1982Offset fileSWN651SD.offData file651-011
HULL
Length Overall19.980 mMaximum Beam5.314 mDraft2.843 mDisplacement37,858 kgDLR7.7890IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.450%Age Allowance0.487%
PROPELLER
InstallationShaft exposedTypeFeathering 3 bladesDiameter0.700m
CREW
Maximum weight1,615 kg(declared)Minimum weight1,373 kg * when appliedNon Manual PowerYesCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail101.89104.44Headsail Luffed161.86161.86Headsail FlyingSymmetric328.64328.64Asymmetric
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail30.46Storm Jib39.45Heavy Weather Jib106.51
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails8 * Woven polyester sails  Spinnakers6
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.

Club
Certificate
2024

Boat

Spirit of Helsinki

FIN-71

Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG852.2699.3626.4590.5569.0555.4541.8535.4
52°548.2462.6420.9402.0392.8387.4382.3379.3
60°515.1441.1406.1389.8381.3376.6372.0368.8
75°493.5427.3396.2380.9371.5365.1358.9353.8
90°502.2432.0396.6378.8367.8359.7347.8340.1
110°551.1451.2400.4377.3364.0356.0344.7338.9
120°563.5459.0404.2378.0362.8351.2334.9324.9
135°625.5499.7430.3392.0371.5357.2333.8313.5
150°745.0583.2491.3431.8395.4374.5347.8325.5
Run VMG860.2673.5567.3497.8450.6417.7373.6348.5
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward856.2686.4596.9544.2509.8486.5457.7442.0
All purpose653.1533.8472.2438.5418.0404.6388.0377.2
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward567.61.0571
All purpose455.51.3173
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low593.51.0110
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium452.61.3258
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High401.71.4937
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low771.30.7779
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium565.01.0620
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High481.51.2460
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance498.21.2044
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low593.51.0110
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium452.61.3258
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High401.71.4937
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low771.30.7779
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium565.01.0620
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High481.51.2460
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance856.6644.9535.2469.7434.1408.6372.6362.4
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.9471
Downwind "popa"1.0936
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.9867
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"1.0451
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low593.51.0110
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium452.61.3258
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High401.71.4937
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low771.30.7779
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium565.01.0620
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High481.51.2460
Predominantly Upwind488.71.2277
Predominantly Downwind467.61.2832
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low593.51.0110
Triple Number AP Medium452.61.3257
Triple Number AP High401.71.4937
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low771.30.7779
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium565.01.0620
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High481.51.2460
Single Number Predominant Upwind487.51.2307
Single Number Predominant Reaching433.71.3835
Single Number Predominant Downwind468.21.2815
Predominant Upwind - Low645.40.9296
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med538.01.1152
Predominant Upwind - Medium472.51.2699
Predominant Upwind - Med/High438.21.3693
Predominant Upwind - High423.11.4181
Predominant Downwind Low661.20.9075
Predominant Downwind Low/Med533.91.1238
Predominant Downwind Medium449.51.3348
Predominant Downwind Med/High398.71.5051
Predominant Downwind High372.11.6125
Predominant Reaching Low577.91.0382
Predominant Reaching Low/Med480.91.2477
Predominant Reaching Medium419.71.4295
Predominant Reaching Med/High385.91.5548
Predominant Reaching High368.51.6280
SA/DSPL Upwind23.11SA/DSPL Downwind37.73
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low817.70.7338
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med658.80.9107
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium554.21.0826
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High490.51.2234
5-Band Windward/Leeward High460.01.3044
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low817.70.7338
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med663.10.9049
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium563.11.0654
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High504.01.1904
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High476.61.2589
5-Band AP Low626.00.9584
5-Band AP Low/Med515.61.1637
5-Band AP Medium445.81.3460
5-Band AP Med/High406.91.4746
5-Band AP High389.01.5425
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low775.00.7742
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med627.80.9557
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium532.71.1263
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High477.41.2567
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High451.71.3283
Chicago-Mac Upwind1.2040
Chicago-Mac All Purpose1.2276
Chicago-Mac Downwind1.2578
Bayview-Mac Cove Island1.1413
Bayview-Mac Shore1.1568
Harvest Moon Regatta394.31.5218
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance498.21.2044
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low593.51.0110
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium452.61.3258
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High401.71.4937
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low771.30.7779
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium565.01.0620
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High481.51.2460
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance856.6644.9535.2469.7434.1408.6372.6362.4
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance498.21.2044
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low593.51.0110
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium452.61.3258
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High401.71.4937
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low771.30.7779
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium565.01.0620
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High481.51.2460
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance856.6644.9535.2469.7434.1408.6372.6362.4
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance498.2
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance856.6644.9535.2469.7434.1408.6372.6362.4
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low593.51.0110
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium452.61.3258
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High401.71.4937
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low771.30.7779
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium565.01.0620
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High481.51.2460
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating (Coastal/Long Distance)498.21.2044
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low593.51.0110
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium452.61.3258
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High401.71.4937
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low771.30.7779
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium565.01.0620
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High481.51.2460
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance856.6644.9535.2469.7434.1408.6372.6362.4
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low593.51.0110
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium452.61.3258
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High401.71.4937
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low771.30.7779
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium565.01.0620
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High481.51.2460
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low1.0110
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.3258
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.4937
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.7779
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium1.0620
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.2460
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance856.6644.9535.2469.7434.1408.6372.6362.4
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance498.21.2044
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low593.51.0110
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium452.61.3258
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High401.71.4937
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low771.30.7779
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium565.01.0620
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High481.51.2460
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance856.6644.9535.2469.7434.1408.6372.6362.4
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low593.51.0110
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium452.61.3258
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High401.71.4937
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low771.30.7779
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium565.01.0620
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High481.51.2460
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance498.21.2044
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low593.51.0110
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium452.61.3258
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High401.71.4937
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low771.30.7779
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium565.01.0620
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High481.51.2460
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance856.6644.9535.2469.7434.1408.6372.6362.4
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance498.21.2044
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low593.51.0110
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium452.61.3258
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High401.71.4937
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low771.30.7779
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium565.01.0620
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High481.51.2460
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance856.6644.9535.2469.7434.1408.6372.6362.4
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low593.5
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium452.6
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High401.7
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low771.3
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium565.0
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High481.5
Predominantly Upwind488.7
Predominantly Downwind467.6
Predominantly Reaching443.7
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance498.21.2044
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low593.51.0110
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium452.61.3258
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High401.71.4937
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low771.30.7779
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium565.01.0620
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High481.51.2460
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance856.6644.9535.2469.7434.1408.6372.6362.4
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low1.0110
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.3258
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.4937
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.7779
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium1.0620
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.2460
Coastal/Long Distance1.2044
Predominantly Upwind1.2277
Predominantly Downwind1.2832
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)512.9
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Tretall Distanseseilas Lite vind1.0110
Tretall Distanseseilas Mellomvind1.3258
Tretall Distanseseilas Mye vind1.4937
Tretall Pølsebane Lite vind0.7779
Tretall Pølsebane Mellomvind1.0620
Tretall Pølsebane Mye vind1.2460
Distanseseilas ett tall1.3173
Enkeltall Motvind1.2277
Enkeltall Medvind1.2832
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low593.51.0110
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium452.61.3258
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High401.71.4937
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low771.30.7779
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium565.01.0620
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High481.51.2460
Coastal/Long Distance498.21.2044
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind488.71.2277
Predominantly Downwind467.61.2832
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore446.71.3432
Cape Doctor Coastal380.51.5770
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low593.51.0110
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium452.61.3258
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High401.71.4937
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low771.30.7779
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium565.01.0620
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High481.51.2460
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low1.0110
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.3258
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.4937
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.7779
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium1.0620
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.2460
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low1.0110
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.3258
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.4937
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.7779
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium1.0620
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.2460
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance498.21.2044
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low593.51.0110
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium452.61.3258
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High401.71.4937
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low771.30.7779
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium565.01.0620
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High481.51.2460
Predominantly Upwind488.71.2277
Predominantly Downwind467.61.2832
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance856.6644.9535.2469.7434.1408.6372.6362.4
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance498.21.2044
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low593.51.0110
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium452.61.3258
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High401.71.4937
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low771.30.7779
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium565.01.0620
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High481.51.2460
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance856.6644.9535.2469.7434.1408.6372.6362.4
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low593.51.0110
Triple Number AP Medium452.61.3257
Triple Number AP High401.71.4937
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low771.30.7779
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium565.01.0620
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High481.51.2460
Single Number Predominant Upwind487.51.2307
Single Number Predominant Reaching433.71.3835
Single Number Predominant Downwind468.21.2815
Predominant Upwind - Low645.40.9296
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med538.01.1152
Predominant Upwind - Medium472.51.2699
Predominant Upwind - Med/High438.21.3693
Predominant Upwind - High423.11.4181
Predominant Downwind Low661.20.9075
Predominant Downwind Low/Med533.91.1238
Predominant Downwind Medium449.51.3348
Predominant Downwind Med/High398.71.5051
Predominant Downwind High372.11.6125
Predominant Reaching Low577.91.0382
Predominant Reaching Low/Med480.91.2477
Predominant Reaching Medium419.71.4295
Predominant Reaching Med/High385.91.5548
Predominant Reaching High368.51.6280
SA/DSPL Upwind23.11SA/DSPL Downwind37.73
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low817.70.7338
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med658.80.9107
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium554.21.0826
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High490.51.2234
5-Band Windward/Leeward High460.01.3044
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low817.70.7338
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med663.10.9049
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium563.11.0654
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High504.01.1904
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High476.61.2589
5-Band AP Low626.00.9584
5-Band AP Low/Med515.61.1637
5-Band AP Medium445.81.3460
5-Band AP Med/High406.91.4746
5-Band AP High389.01.5425
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low775.00.7742
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med627.80.9557
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium532.71.1263
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High477.41.2567
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High451.71.3283
Chicago-Mac Upwind1.2040
Chicago-Mac All Purpose1.2276
Chicago-Mac Downwind1.2578
Bayview-Mac Cove Island1.1413
Bayview-Mac Shore1.1568
Harvest Moon Regatta394.31.5218

Club
Certificate
2024

Boat

Spirit of Helsinki

FIN-71

Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassSwan 651Measurement07/09/2018HIN651-011Plan reviewHull constructionSolidCarbon RudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA19.980Max. Beam5.314Draft2.843Displacement37,858Wetted area81.11IMS L17.098LSM016.938Acc. length17.270Sink (kg/mm) 55.76
VCGD-0.160VCGM-0.139RM Rated (kg·m) 1036.6Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight1,460Declared crew weight1,615
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeFeathering 3 blades
InstallationShaft exposedTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.700PBWPIPA0.0067
PSD0.051PHD0.070PHL0.150
PSA16.0°ESL1.420
ST1ST2ST30.200
ST4ST5
RIG
Forestay tensionAftInner stayFixedMast materialCarbonSingle headsail furlerNoMainsail furlerNoArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunners/Checkstays2Spreaders3Rotating mastNo
P24.650IG27.880ISP27.880MDT10.186MDL10.385MDT20.180MDL20.335TL5.100MW0.335GO0.395
E7.060J8.100BAS2.120FSDSFJ0.321SPL8.200WPLTPSBD0.520MWTMCG
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodRM estimatedFlotation Date23/08/2024
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible

Club
Certificate
2024

Boat

Spirit of Helsinki

FIN-71

Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateCommentA1.382.504.35101.89
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateCommentA1.362.735.6511.8527.73NoNo 161.86
SYMMETRIC SPINNAKER
IdSLUSLESLSHWSFLAreaMeas.DateCommentA26.6826.7026.6914.8714.40328.64
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length17.3 mTable area0.88 m²Headroom1.90 mMinimum number of berths8Personal gear stowage0.32 m³Fresh water capacity452 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit8Food stowage0.48 m³Fuel capacity196 l
*This list refers to the calculated requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for the complete list of requirements.