Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
SjöfrökenFIN 6656
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles42.1°42.1°40.4°40.4°40.7°40.6°40.7°41.4°43.2°
Beat VMG2.303.093.653.964.114.174.194.164.02
52°3.504.645.375.796.006.086.136.156.09
60°3.684.855.595.996.206.306.356.396.38
75°3.815.015.756.176.406.556.656.756.79
90°3.724.935.726.186.466.676.837.047.17
110°3.294.495.406.046.436.716.967.367.58
120°3.094.265.195.896.336.646.917.397.80
135°2.663.764.715.486.056.426.727.257.74
150°2.213.234.174.955.626.126.467.017.52
Run VMG1.912.803.644.395.065.656.116.727.23
Gybe Angles149.6°149.6°155.9°166.7°172.7°178.1°179.5°179.9°177.1°
APH ToD:672.8CDL: 6.561APH ToT: 0.8918CertNo:
BOAT
ClassLinjett 32 7/8DesignerRosättra BåtvarvBuilderAge date01/1989Series date01/1978Offset fileLINJETT32+.offData fileFIN6656
HULL
Length Overall9.480 mMaximum Beam3.112 mDraft1.668 mDisplacement3,600 kgDLR9.9625IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.510%Age Allowance0.487%
PROPELLER
InstallationShaft exposedTypeFolding 2 bladesDiameter0.390m
CREW
Maximum weight140 kg(declared)Minimum weight130 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerNoCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail25.5725.91Headsail Luffed23.4423.44Headsail FlyingSymmetricAsymmetric
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail7.87Storm Jib5.58Heavy Weather Jib15.05
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails5
✱ Zero set flying
Spinnakers0
✱ Spinnaker pole aboard
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
SjöfrökenFIN 6656
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG1567.01164.0986.8908.3875.9863.7859.5865.1896.1
52°1028.6776.7669.8621.3600.1591.8587.6585.3591.5
60°977.2742.1644.4600.8580.9571.6567.1562.9564.6
75°944.3719.1626.1583.9562.6549.7541.7533.4530.0
90°967.0730.4629.9582.5556.9539.8527.2511.2502.4
110°1095.8801.8666.1595.9560.1536.4517.6489.4475.0
120°1166.2845.3693.6611.0568.5541.9520.9487.4461.2
135°1353.7956.9764.5657.2595.4560.4535.9496.8464.9
150°1631.11115.1863.2726.7640.5588.6557.1513.4478.5
Run VMG1889.61287.6990.3821.0711.9637.1589.2535.7497.7
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward1723.41225.8988.5864.6793.9750.4724.4700.4696.9
All purpose1299.8943.8778.4694.3648.7622.2605.5586.2579.3
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward828.80.7240
All purpose672.80.8918
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low861.10.6968
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium668.10.8981
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High602.40.9960
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1107.20.5419
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium822.80.7292
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High721.90.8311
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance732.70.8189
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low861.10.6968
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium668.10.8981
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High602.40.9960
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1107.20.5419
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium822.80.7292
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High721.90.8311
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1852.11232.0932.4781.2693.7646.2611.1556.3544.2
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.6438
Downwind "popa"0.7537
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.6733
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.7170
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low861.10.6968
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium668.10.8981
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High602.40.9960
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1107.20.5419
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium822.80.7292
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High721.90.8311
Predominantly Upwind721.60.8315
Predominantly Downwind689.10.8707
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low861.10.6968
Triple Number AP Medium668.10.8980
Triple Number AP High602.40.9960
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1156.90.5186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium822.80.7292
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High721.90.8311
Single Number Predominant Upwind748.50.8016
Single Number Predominant Reaching668.00.8982
Single Number Predominant Downwind723.20.8297
Predominant Upwind - Low1001.60.5990
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med781.30.7679
Predominant Upwind - Medium699.90.8572
Predominant Upwind - Med/High662.80.9053
Predominant Upwind - High652.50.9196
Predominant Downwind Low1080.80.5551
Predominant Downwind Low/Med789.40.7601
Predominant Downwind Medium662.80.9052
Predominant Downwind Med/High587.81.0208
Predominant Downwind High552.61.0858
Predominant Reaching Low925.80.6481
Predominant Reaching Low/Med709.60.8456
Predominant Reaching Medium622.70.9636
Predominant Reaching Med/High574.71.0439
Predominant Reaching High552.41.0861
SA/DSPL Upwind20.78SA/DSPL Downwind20.78
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1292.10.4644
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med951.10.6309
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium808.80.7419
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High730.60.8213
5-Band Windward/Leeward High704.00.8523
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1277.80.4696
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med954.60.6285
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium824.40.7278
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High757.00.7926
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High737.10.8140
5-Band AP Low961.00.6244
5-Band AP Low/Med754.00.7958
5-Band AP Medium659.00.9105
5-Band AP Med/High608.70.9857
5-Band AP High588.31.0198
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1110.10.5405
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med909.70.6595
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium783.80.7655
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High717.90.8358
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High695.60.8626
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.7794
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.7930
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.7982
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.5806
Bayview-Mac Shore0.5871
Harvest Moon Regatta580.81.0330
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance732.70.8189
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low861.10.6968
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium668.10.8981
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High602.40.9960
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1107.20.5419
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium822.80.7292
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High721.90.8311
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1852.11232.0932.4781.2693.7646.2611.1556.3544.2
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance732.70.8189
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low861.10.6968
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium668.10.8981
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High602.40.9960
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1107.20.5419
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium822.80.7292
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High721.90.8311
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1852.11232.0932.4781.2693.7646.2611.1556.3544.2
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance732.7
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1852.11232.0932.4781.2693.7646.2611.1556.3544.2
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low861.10.6968
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium668.10.8981
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High602.40.9960
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1107.20.5419
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium822.80.7292
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High721.90.8311
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating732.70.8189
FinRating, kevyt tuuli1272.70.7857
FinRating, kova tuuli592.10.8444
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low861.10.6968
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium668.10.8981
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High602.40.9960
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1107.20.5419
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium822.80.7292
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High721.90.8311
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance0.8189
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.6968
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.8981
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High0.9960
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5419
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7292
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8311
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1852.11232.0932.4781.2693.7646.2611.1556.3544.2
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)754.2
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance732.70.8189
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low861.10.6968
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium668.10.8981
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High602.40.9960
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1107.20.5419
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium822.80.7292
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High721.90.8311
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1852.11232.0932.4781.2693.7646.2611.1556.3544.2
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low861.10.6968
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium668.10.8981
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High602.40.9960
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1107.20.5419
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium822.80.7292
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High721.90.8311
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance732.70.8189
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low861.10.6968
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium668.10.8981
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High602.40.9960
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1107.20.5419
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium822.80.7292
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High721.90.8311
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1852.11232.0932.4781.2693.7646.2611.1556.3544.2
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance732.70.8189
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low861.10.6968
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium668.10.8981
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High602.40.9960
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1107.20.5419
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium822.80.7292
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High721.90.8311
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1852.11232.0932.4781.2693.7646.2611.1556.3544.2
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low861.1
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium668.1
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High602.4
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1107.2
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium822.8
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High721.9
Predominantly Upwind721.6
Predominantly Downwind689.1
Predominantly Reaching656.1
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance732.70.8189
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low861.10.6968
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium668.10.8981
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High602.40.9960
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1107.20.5419
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium822.80.7292
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High721.90.8311
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1852.11232.0932.4781.2693.7646.2611.1556.3544.2
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.6968
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.8981
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High0.9960
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5419
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7292
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8311
Coastal/Long Distance0.8189
Predominantly Upwind0.8315
Predominantly Downwind0.8707
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)754.2
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)0.8918
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.6968
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind0.8981
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind0.9960
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.5419
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind0.7292
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind0.8311
Motvind Singeltall0.8315
Medvind Singeltall0.8707
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low861.10.6968
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium668.10.8981
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High602.40.9960
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1107.20.5419
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium822.80.7292
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High721.90.8311
Coastal/Long Distance732.70.8189
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind721.60.8315
Predominantly Downwind689.10.8707
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore697.90.8597
Cape Doctor Coastal581.41.0320
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low861.10.6968
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium668.10.8981
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High602.40.9960
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1107.20.5419
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium822.80.7292
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High721.90.8311
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.6968
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.8981
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High0.9960
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5419
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7292
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8311
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.6968
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.8981
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High0.9960
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5419
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7292
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8311
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance732.70.8189
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low861.10.6968
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium668.10.8981
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High602.40.9960
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1107.20.5419
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium822.80.7292
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High721.90.8311
Predominantly Upwind721.60.8315
Predominantly Downwind689.10.8707
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1852.11232.0932.4781.2693.7646.2611.1556.3544.2
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance732.70.8189
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low861.10.6968
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium668.10.8981
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High602.40.9960
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1107.20.5419
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium822.80.7292
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High721.90.8311
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1852.11232.0932.4781.2693.7646.2611.1556.3544.2
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low861.10.6968
Triple Number AP Medium668.10.8980
Triple Number AP High602.40.9960
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1156.90.5186
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium822.80.7292
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High721.90.8311
Single Number Predominant Upwind748.50.8016
Single Number Predominant Reaching668.00.8982
Single Number Predominant Downwind723.20.8297
Predominant Upwind - Low1001.60.5990
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med781.30.7679
Predominant Upwind - Medium699.90.8572
Predominant Upwind - Med/High662.80.9053
Predominant Upwind - High652.50.9196
Predominant Downwind Low1080.80.5551
Predominant Downwind Low/Med789.40.7601
Predominant Downwind Medium662.80.9052
Predominant Downwind Med/High587.81.0208
Predominant Downwind High552.61.0858
Predominant Reaching Low925.80.6481
Predominant Reaching Low/Med709.60.8456
Predominant Reaching Medium622.70.9636
Predominant Reaching Med/High574.71.0439
Predominant Reaching High552.41.0861
SA/DSPL Upwind20.78SA/DSPL Downwind20.78
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1292.10.4644
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med951.10.6309
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium808.80.7419
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High730.60.8213
5-Band Windward/Leeward High704.00.8523
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1277.80.4696
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med954.60.6285
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium824.40.7278
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High757.00.7926
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High737.10.8140
5-Band AP Low961.00.6244
5-Band AP Low/Med754.00.7958
5-Band AP Medium659.00.9105
5-Band AP Med/High608.70.9857
5-Band AP High588.31.0198
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1110.10.5405
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med909.70.6595
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium783.80.7655
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High717.90.8358
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High695.60.8626
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.7794
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.7930
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.7982
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.5806
Bayview-Mac Shore0.5871
Harvest Moon Regatta580.81.0330
Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
SjöfrökenFIN 6656
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassLinjett 32 7/8MeasurementHINPlan reviewHull constructionCoredCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA9.480Max. Beam3.112Draft1.668Displacement3,600Wetted area17.87IMS L7.309LSM07.122Acc. length9.480Sink (kg/mm) 12.33
VCGD-0.092VCGM0.024RM Rated (kg·m) 57.5Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight424Declared crew weight140
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeFolding 2 blades
InstallationShaft exposedTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.390PBWPIPA0.0014
PSDPHDPHL
PSAESL
ST1ST2ST3
ST4ST5
RIG
Forestay tensionAftInner stayNone FittedMast materialAluminumSingle headsail furlerNoMainsail furlerNoArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays0CheckstaysSpreaders1Rotating mastNo
P11.650IG10.895ISP10.895MDT10.086MDL10.105MDT20.086MDL20.105TL0.000MW0.105GO0.000
E3.860J3.260BAS1.400FSD0.000SFJ0.000SPL3.410WPLTPSBDMWT0.00MCG0.000
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodRM estimatedFlotation Date01/01/2013
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
SjöfrökenFIN 6656
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateComment20.721.312.333.1325.5704/06/2023
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateComment20.044.5610.20NoNo 23.44
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length9.5 mTable area0.44 m²Headroom1.67 mMinimum number of berths4Personal gear stowage0.16 m³Fresh water capacity70 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit4Food stowage0.24 m³Fuel capacity40 lCabin soleStovesSinksGalley gear stowageToiletWash basinNavigation areaHanging locker
*This list is a summary of the requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for details.