Double HandedClub Certificate2025
PenelopeFIN-10690
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles44.1°44.1°42.2°41.2°40.5°40.0°39.9°40.5°42.3°
Beat VMG2.032.833.483.954.304.504.584.574.41
52°3.194.355.235.876.296.526.636.686.61
60°3.414.615.496.116.496.726.846.936.91
75°3.534.805.746.356.686.927.097.317.38
90°3.865.246.236.767.027.177.307.567.80
110°3.945.366.386.917.287.617.868.198.40
120°3.815.226.266.847.237.617.968.619.05
135°3.364.705.806.546.997.377.758.599.80
150°2.783.985.045.926.536.927.247.908.68
Run VMG2.413.444.375.135.686.116.477.047.61
Gybe Angles144.2°144.2°147.9°149.4°152.5°158.3°162.6°163.9°161.0°
APH ToD:619.6CDL: 7.406APH ToT: 0.9684CertNo:
BOAT
Class315DesignerBuilderHanseAge date01/2007Series date01/2006Offset fileHANSE315-2006.offData fileFIN10690
HULL
Length Overall9.405 mMaximum Beam3.178 mDraft1.778 mDisplacement4,300 kgDLR7.3039IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.340%Age Allowance0.487%
PROPELLER
InstallationStrutTypeFolding 2 bladesDiameter0.370m
CREW
Maximum weight180 kg(declared)Minimum weight120 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerNoCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail26.0226.23Headsail Luffed17.2917.29Headsail FlyingSymmetricAsymmetric66.3666.36 (All asymmetric spinnakers with SHW/SFL > 85%)
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail8.56Storm Jib6.57Heavy Weather Jib17.73
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails5
✱ Woven polyester sails
Spinnakers4
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
Double HandedClub Certificate2025
PenelopeFIN-10690
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG1773.41271.71034.6910.4836.5799.4786.8787.9816.8
52°1128.7827.4688.1613.5572.7552.4543.1538.7544.3
60°1056.4780.7655.3589.1554.4535.9526.0519.5521.2
75°1019.2749.3626.7567.3539.3520.6507.4492.5487.8
90°933.5687.2578.0532.7512.6502.0493.5475.9461.3
110°914.4671.3564.1520.7494.2473.1458.0439.6428.6
120°944.4689.1574.6526.4497.6473.3452.2418.1398.0
135°1072.7765.9621.1550.2515.0488.4464.4419.1367.3
150°1296.2905.2714.0608.3551.1520.0496.9455.8414.9
Run VMG1496.81045.2824.5702.4634.0589.3556.4511.1473.1
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward1634.71158.4929.6806.4735.2694.4671.6649.5645.0
All purpose1232.9886.8724.2641.7596.1568.9552.3532.3522.6
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward771.20.7780
All purpose619.60.9684
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low805.50.7449
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium615.20.9753
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High548.91.0930
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1044.00.5747
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium764.90.7844
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High669.00.8968
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance675.60.8881
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low805.50.7449
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium615.20.9753
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High548.91.0930
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1044.00.5747
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium764.90.7844
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High669.00.8968
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1717.11147.1869.8724.1637.8590.9557.2505.0492.5
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.6535
Downwind "popa"0.8637
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.7049
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.7877
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low805.50.7449
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium615.20.9753
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High548.91.0930
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1044.00.5747
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium764.90.7844
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High669.00.8968
Predominantly Upwind682.70.8788
Predominantly Downwind616.60.9730
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low805.50.7449
Triple Number AP Medium615.20.9752
Triple Number AP High548.91.0930
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1090.80.5501
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium764.90.7844
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High669.00.8968
Single Number Predominant Upwind713.70.8406
Single Number Predominant Reaching609.90.9838
Single Number Predominant Downwind643.50.9324
Predominant Upwind - Low1008.30.5950
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med759.40.7901
Predominant Upwind - Medium658.70.9109
Predominant Upwind - Med/High609.70.9841
Predominant Upwind - High595.81.0070
Predominant Downwind Low937.80.6398
Predominant Downwind Low/Med694.20.8643
Predominant Downwind Medium594.51.0093
Predominant Downwind Med/High535.21.1211
Predominant Downwind High500.41.1990
Predominant Reaching Low851.40.7047
Predominant Reaching Low/Med646.80.9276
Predominant Reaching Medium567.81.0566
Predominant Reaching Med/High524.41.1441
Predominant Reaching High499.81.2006
SA/DSPL Upwind16.30SA/DSPL Downwind34.77
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1220.40.4916
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med891.20.6733
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium751.10.7988
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High677.10.8862
5-Band Windward/Leeward High652.50.9195
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1243.90.4824
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med912.20.6577
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium771.90.7773
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High700.30.8568
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High680.60.8816
5-Band AP Low882.60.6798
5-Band AP Low/Med700.20.8569
5-Band AP Medium606.10.9899
5-Band AP Med/High555.41.0803
5-Band AP High534.11.1234
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1056.40.5680
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med855.40.7015
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium725.80.8267
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High658.20.9115
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High635.50.9442
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8117
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.8576
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.8998
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6214
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6250
Harvest Moon Regatta530.61.1309
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance675.60.8881
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low805.50.7449
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium615.20.9753
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High548.91.0930
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1044.00.5747
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium764.90.7844
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High669.00.8968
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1717.11147.1869.8724.1637.8590.9557.2505.0492.5
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance675.60.8881
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low805.50.7449
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium615.20.9753
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High548.91.0930
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1044.00.5747
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium764.90.7844
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High669.00.8968
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1717.11147.1869.8724.1637.8590.9557.2505.0492.5
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance675.6
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1717.11147.1869.8724.1637.8590.9557.2505.0492.5
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low805.50.7449
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium615.20.9753
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High548.91.0930
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1044.00.5747
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium764.90.7844
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High669.00.8968
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating675.60.8881
FinRating, kevyt tuuli1192.20.8388
FinRating, kova tuuli537.50.9302
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low805.50.7449
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium615.20.9753
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High548.91.0930
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1044.00.5747
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium764.90.7844
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High669.00.8968
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance0.8881
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7449
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9753
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0930
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5747
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7844
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8968
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1717.11147.1869.8724.1637.8590.9557.2505.0492.5
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)697.4
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance675.60.8881
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low805.50.7449
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium615.20.9753
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High548.91.0930
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1044.00.5747
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium764.90.7844
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High669.00.8968
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1717.11147.1869.8724.1637.8590.9557.2505.0492.5
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low805.50.7449
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium615.20.9753
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High548.91.0930
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1044.00.5747
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium764.90.7844
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High669.00.8968
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance675.60.8881
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low805.50.7449
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium615.20.9753
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High548.91.0930
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1044.00.5747
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium764.90.7844
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High669.00.8968
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1717.11147.1869.8724.1637.8590.9557.2505.0492.5
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance675.60.8881
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low805.50.7449
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium615.20.9753
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High548.91.0930
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1044.00.5747
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium764.90.7844
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High669.00.8968
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1717.11147.1869.8724.1637.8590.9557.2505.0492.5
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low805.5
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium615.2
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High548.9
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1044.0
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium764.9
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High669.0
Predominantly Upwind682.7
Predominantly Downwind616.6
Predominantly Reaching592.6
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance675.60.8881
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low805.50.7449
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium615.20.9753
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High548.91.0930
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1044.00.5747
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium764.90.7844
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High669.00.8968
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1717.11147.1869.8724.1637.8590.9557.2505.0492.5
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7449
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9753
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0930
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5747
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7844
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8968
Coastal/Long Distance0.8881
Predominantly Upwind0.8788
Predominantly Downwind0.9730
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)697.4
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)0.9684
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.7449
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind0.9753
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind1.0930
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.5747
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind0.7844
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind0.8968
Motvind Singeltall0.8788
Medvind Singeltall0.9730
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low805.50.7449
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium615.20.9753
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High548.91.0930
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1044.00.5747
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium764.90.7844
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High669.00.8968
Coastal/Long Distance675.60.8881
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind682.70.8788
Predominantly Downwind616.60.9730
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore646.30.9283
Cape Doctor Coastal525.51.1417
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low805.50.7449
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium615.20.9753
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High548.91.0930
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1044.00.5747
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium764.90.7844
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High669.00.8968
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7449
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9753
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0930
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5747
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7844
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8968
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7449
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9753
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0930
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5747
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7844
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8968
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance675.60.8881
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low805.50.7449
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium615.20.9753
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High548.91.0930
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1044.00.5747
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium764.90.7844
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High669.00.8968
Predominantly Upwind682.70.8788
Predominantly Downwind616.60.9730
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1717.11147.1869.8724.1637.8590.9557.2505.0492.5
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance675.60.8881
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low805.50.7449
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium615.20.9753
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High548.91.0930
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1044.00.5747
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium764.90.7844
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High669.00.8968
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1717.11147.1869.8724.1637.8590.9557.2505.0492.5
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low805.50.7449
Triple Number AP Medium615.20.9752
Triple Number AP High548.91.0930
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1090.80.5501
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium764.90.7844
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High669.00.8968
Single Number Predominant Upwind713.70.8406
Single Number Predominant Reaching609.90.9838
Single Number Predominant Downwind643.50.9324
Predominant Upwind - Low1008.30.5950
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med759.40.7901
Predominant Upwind - Medium658.70.9109
Predominant Upwind - Med/High609.70.9841
Predominant Upwind - High595.81.0070
Predominant Downwind Low937.80.6398
Predominant Downwind Low/Med694.20.8643
Predominant Downwind Medium594.51.0093
Predominant Downwind Med/High535.21.1211
Predominant Downwind High500.41.1990
Predominant Reaching Low851.40.7047
Predominant Reaching Low/Med646.80.9276
Predominant Reaching Medium567.81.0566
Predominant Reaching Med/High524.41.1441
Predominant Reaching High499.81.2006
SA/DSPL Upwind16.30SA/DSPL Downwind34.77
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1220.40.4916
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med891.20.6733
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium751.10.7988
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High677.10.8862
5-Band Windward/Leeward High652.50.9195
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1243.90.4824
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med912.20.6577
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium771.90.7773
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High700.30.8568
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High680.60.8816
5-Band AP Low882.60.6798
5-Band AP Low/Med700.20.8569
5-Band AP Medium606.10.9899
5-Band AP Med/High555.41.0803
5-Band AP High534.11.1234
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1056.40.5680
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med855.40.7015
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium725.80.8267
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High658.20.9115
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High635.50.9442
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8117
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.8576
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.8998
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6214
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6250
Harvest Moon Regatta530.61.1309
Double HandedClub Certificate2025
PenelopeFIN-10690
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
Class315Measurement03/06/2022HINPlan reviewHull constructionCoredCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA9.405Max. Beam3.178Draft1.778Displacement4,300Wetted area21.01IMS L8.439LSM08.380Acc. length9.405Sink (kg/mm) 15.26
VCGD-0.091VCGM-0.043RM Rated (kg·m) 88.2Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight170Declared crew weight180
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeFolding 2 blades
InstallationStrutTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.370PBWPIPA0.0005
EDLST1ST2
ST3ST4ST5
RIG
Forestay tensionAftInner stayNone FittedMast materialAluminumSingle headsail furlerNoMainsail furlerNoArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays0CheckstaysSpreaders2Rotating mastNo
P11.509IG11.460ISP12.563MDT10.107MDL10.151MDT2MDL2TLNo TaperMWGO
E4.250J3.505BAS1.403FSDSFJSPLWPLTPS4.405BDMWTMCG
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodRM estimatedFlotation Date03/06/2022
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
Double HandedClub Certificate2025
PenelopeFIN-10690
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateComment10.130.701.292.333.2426.02
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateComment10.070.430.821.522.242.9211.44NoNo 17.29
ASYMMETRIC SPINNAKER
IdSLUSLESLSHWSFLRatioAreaMeas.DateComment113.1311.3812.266.665.85114%66.36
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length9.4 mTable area0.44 m²Headroom1.66 mMinimum number of berths4Personal gear stowage0.16 m³Fresh water capacity68 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit4Food stowage0.24 m³Fuel capacity38 lCabin soleStovesSinksGalley gear stowageToiletWash basinNavigation areaHanging locker
*This list is a summary of the requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for details.