Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
QuestFIN 8670
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles43.4°43.4°41.3°40.4°39.6°39.1°38.9°39.2°40.6°
Beat VMG2.363.263.964.424.694.804.864.894.78
52°3.684.975.896.466.746.866.936.996.97
60°3.925.246.146.666.937.067.137.217.21
75°4.105.446.326.827.107.297.427.557.62
90°4.005.356.276.827.147.387.577.868.04
110°3.494.825.876.617.057.367.648.158.54
120°3.244.545.606.416.937.277.568.128.70
135°2.743.955.035.906.567.007.337.918.51
150°2.273.364.405.296.046.637.037.638.21
Run VMG1.962.913.824.645.416.086.637.347.92
Gybe Angles148.4°148.4°153.2°161.0°174.8°176.6°178.0°178.9°179.0°
APH ToD:611.3CDL: 8.308APH ToT: 0.9816CertNo:
BOAT
ClassDEHLER 35 CWSDesignerVAN DE STADTBuilderDEHLER YACHTSAge date01/1994Series date01/1993Offset fileDEH35.OFFData fileFIN8670
HULL
Length Overall10.510 mMaximum Beam3.336 mDraft1.908 mDisplacement5,343 kgDLR7.3970IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.310%Age Allowance0.487%
PROPELLER
InstallationShaft exposedTypeFolding 3 bladesDiameter0.440m
CREW
Maximum weight170 kg(declared)Minimum weight130 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerSailsCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail36.0236.63Headsail Luffed25.7825.78Headsail FlyingSymmetricAsymmetric
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail10.99Storm Jib8.14Heavy Weather Jib21.98
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails1
✱ One set on the forestay
✱ Zero set flying
Spinnakers0
✱ Spinnaker pole aboard
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
QuestFIN 8670
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG1525.21105.1910.1814.3768.1749.7740.4736.9752.5
52°977.4724.7611.7557.6534.4524.7519.5515.3516.7
60°918.4687.2586.6540.5519.8509.7504.7499.5499.3
75°879.0661.9569.4527.9506.9494.1485.5476.6472.7
90°899.8672.7573.9528.1504.3488.1475.3457.7448.0
110°1032.9747.3613.3544.5510.5489.0471.3441.9421.4
120°1110.1793.8642.5561.4519.8495.4476.2443.6413.7
135°1311.7911.2716.3610.5548.5514.1491.5455.2422.9
150°1586.61071.6819.1681.1595.8542.8511.8471.6438.3
Run VMG1834.01237.4943.1775.9665.9591.7542.8490.8454.8
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward1676.31171.2926.6795.1717.0670.7641.6613.8603.7
All purpose1248.7891.8722.3634.4586.0558.4540.8519.7508.3
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward754.30.7954
All purpose611.30.9816
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low807.00.7435
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium606.60.9891
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High537.21.1168
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1049.00.5720
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium748.90.8012
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High638.40.9398
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance667.80.8985
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low807.00.7435
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium606.60.9891
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High537.21.1168
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1049.00.5720
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium748.90.8012
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High638.40.9398
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1811.21177.8872.4716.3626.1579.7546.6497.3482.4
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.7211
Downwind "popa"0.8004
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.7432
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.7748
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low807.00.7435
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium606.60.9891
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High537.21.1168
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1049.00.5720
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium748.90.8012
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High638.40.9398
Predominantly Upwind650.70.9221
Predominantly Downwind635.60.9440
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low807.00.7435
Triple Number AP Medium606.70.9890
Triple Number AP High537.31.1168
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1098.80.5460
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium748.90.8012
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High638.40.9398
Single Number Predominant Upwind677.90.8851
Single Number Predominant Reaching611.40.9814
Single Number Predominant Downwind669.60.8961
Predominant Upwind - Low946.50.6339
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med716.50.8374
Predominant Upwind - Medium627.50.9562
Predominant Upwind - Med/High585.21.0253
Predominant Upwind - High570.91.0510
Predominant Downwind Low1029.60.5827
Predominant Downwind Low/Med736.70.8144
Predominant Downwind Medium608.80.9856
Predominant Downwind Med/High533.11.1254
Predominant Downwind High497.81.2053
Predominant Reaching Low872.00.6881
Predominant Reaching Low/Med654.10.9173
Predominant Reaching Medium565.71.0606
Predominant Reaching Med/High517.01.1605
Predominant Reaching High493.71.2152
SA/DSPL Upwind20.11SA/DSPL Downwind20.11
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1237.10.4850
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med885.30.6777
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium733.40.8181
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High648.20.9257
5-Band Windward/Leeward High616.90.9726
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1222.00.4910
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med885.10.6779
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium743.20.8073
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High667.30.8992
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High641.50.9353
5-Band AP Low907.20.6614
5-Band AP Low/Med696.20.8619
5-Band AP Medium597.01.0050
5-Band AP Med/High544.01.1030
5-Band AP High521.41.1509
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1054.50.5690
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med844.00.7109
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium708.40.8470
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High635.80.9437
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High609.00.9852
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8571
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.8633
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.8593
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6159
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6232
Harvest Moon Regatta529.51.1332
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance667.80.8985
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low807.00.7435
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium606.60.9891
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High537.21.1168
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1049.00.5720
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium748.90.8012
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High638.40.9398
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1811.21177.8872.4716.3626.1579.7546.6497.3482.4
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance667.80.8985
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low807.00.7435
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium606.60.9891
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High537.21.1168
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1049.00.5720
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium748.90.8012
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High638.40.9398
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1811.21177.8872.4716.3626.1579.7546.6497.3482.4
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance667.8
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1811.21177.8872.4716.3626.1579.7546.6497.3482.4
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low807.00.7435
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium606.60.9891
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High537.21.1168
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1049.00.5720
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium748.90.8012
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High638.40.9398
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating667.80.8985
FinRating, kevyt tuuli1218.50.8207
FinRating, kova tuuli525.10.9521
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low807.00.7435
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium606.60.9891
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High537.21.1168
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1049.00.5720
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium748.90.8012
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High638.40.9398
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance0.8985
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7435
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9891
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1168
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5720
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8012
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9398
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1811.21177.8872.4716.3626.1579.7546.6497.3482.4
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)690.5
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance667.80.8985
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low807.00.7435
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium606.60.9891
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High537.21.1168
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1049.00.5720
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium748.90.8012
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High638.40.9398
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1811.21177.8872.4716.3626.1579.7546.6497.3482.4
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low807.00.7435
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium606.60.9891
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High537.21.1168
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1049.00.5720
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium748.90.8012
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High638.40.9398
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance667.80.8985
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low807.00.7435
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium606.60.9891
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High537.21.1168
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1049.00.5720
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium748.90.8012
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High638.40.9398
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1811.21177.8872.4716.3626.1579.7546.6497.3482.4
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance667.80.8985
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low807.00.7435
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium606.60.9891
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High537.21.1168
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1049.00.5720
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium748.90.8012
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High638.40.9398
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1811.21177.8872.4716.3626.1579.7546.6497.3482.4
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low807.0
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium606.6
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High537.2
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1049.0
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium748.9
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High638.4
Predominantly Upwind650.7
Predominantly Downwind635.6
Predominantly Reaching601.2
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance667.80.8985
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low807.00.7435
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium606.60.9891
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High537.21.1168
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1049.00.5720
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium748.90.8012
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High638.40.9398
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1811.21177.8872.4716.3626.1579.7546.6497.3482.4
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7435
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9891
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1168
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5720
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8012
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9398
Coastal/Long Distance0.8985
Predominantly Upwind0.9221
Predominantly Downwind0.9440
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)690.5
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)0.9816
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.7435
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind0.9891
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind1.1168
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.5720
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind0.8012
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind0.9398
Motvind Singeltall0.9221
Medvind Singeltall0.9440
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low807.00.7435
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium606.60.9891
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High537.21.1168
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1049.00.5720
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium748.90.8012
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High638.40.9398
Coastal/Long Distance667.80.8985
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind650.70.9221
Predominantly Downwind635.60.9440
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore606.70.9889
Cape Doctor Coastal511.71.1725
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low807.00.7435
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium606.60.9891
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High537.21.1168
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1049.00.5720
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium748.90.8012
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High638.40.9398
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7435
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9891
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1168
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5720
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8012
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9398
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7435
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9891
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1168
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5720
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8012
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9398
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance667.80.8985
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low807.00.7435
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium606.60.9891
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High537.21.1168
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1049.00.5720
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium748.90.8012
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High638.40.9398
Predominantly Upwind650.70.9221
Predominantly Downwind635.60.9440
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1811.21177.8872.4716.3626.1579.7546.6497.3482.4
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance667.80.8985
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low807.00.7435
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium606.60.9891
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High537.21.1168
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1049.00.5720
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium748.90.8012
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High638.40.9398
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1811.21177.8872.4716.3626.1579.7546.6497.3482.4
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low807.00.7435
Triple Number AP Medium606.70.9890
Triple Number AP High537.31.1168
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1098.80.5460
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium748.90.8012
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High638.40.9398
Single Number Predominant Upwind677.90.8851
Single Number Predominant Reaching611.40.9814
Single Number Predominant Downwind669.60.8961
Predominant Upwind - Low946.50.6339
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med716.50.8374
Predominant Upwind - Medium627.50.9562
Predominant Upwind - Med/High585.21.0253
Predominant Upwind - High570.91.0510
Predominant Downwind Low1029.60.5827
Predominant Downwind Low/Med736.70.8144
Predominant Downwind Medium608.80.9856
Predominant Downwind Med/High533.11.1254
Predominant Downwind High497.81.2053
Predominant Reaching Low872.00.6881
Predominant Reaching Low/Med654.10.9173
Predominant Reaching Medium565.71.0606
Predominant Reaching Med/High517.01.1605
Predominant Reaching High493.71.2152
SA/DSPL Upwind20.11SA/DSPL Downwind20.11
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1237.10.4850
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med885.30.6777
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium733.40.8181
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High648.20.9257
5-Band Windward/Leeward High616.90.9726
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1222.00.4910
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med885.10.6779
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium743.20.8073
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High667.30.8992
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High641.50.9353
5-Band AP Low907.20.6614
5-Band AP Low/Med696.20.8619
5-Band AP Medium597.01.0050
5-Band AP Med/High544.01.1030
5-Band AP High521.41.1509
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1054.50.5690
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med844.00.7109
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium708.40.8470
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High635.80.9437
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High609.00.9852
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8571
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.8633
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.8593
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6159
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6232
Harvest Moon Regatta529.51.1332
Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
QuestFIN 8670
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassDEHLER 35 CWSMeasurement20/10/2020HINPlan reviewHull constructionCoredCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA10.510Max. Beam3.336Draft1.908Displacement5,343Wetted area24.12IMS L9.056LSM08.972Acc. length10.510Sink (kg/mm) 17.79
VCGD-0.365VCGM-0.012RM Rated (kg·m) 115.4Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight590Declared crew weight170
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeFolding 3 blades
InstallationShaft exposedTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.440PBWPIPA0.0019
PSDPHDPHL
PSAESL
ST1ST2ST3
ST4ST5
RIG
Forestay tensionAftInner stayNone FittedMast materialAluminumSingle headsail furlerYesMainsail furlerNoArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays0CheckstaysSpreaders2Rotating mastNo
P13.180IG12.759ISP13.079MDT10.123MDL10.164MDT2MDL2TLNo TaperMWGO
E4.762J3.740BAS1.459FSDFoilSFJSPL3.580WPLTPS4.880BDMWTMCG
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodRM estimatedFlotation Date20/10/2020
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
QuestFIN 8670
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateComment10.130.901.652.913.9236.02
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateComment10.060.621.162.213.283.7912.16NoNo 25.78
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length10.5 mTable area0.44 m²Headroom1.73 mMinimum number of berths4Personal gear stowage0.16 m³Fresh water capacity90 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit4Food stowage0.24 m³Fuel capacity60 lCabin soleStovesSinksGalley gear stowageToiletWash basinNavigation areaHanging locker
*This list is a summary of the requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for details.