Club Certificate2025
Plan BFIN10060
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles43.2°43.2°40.8°39.6°38.6°38.0°37.7°37.7°38.5°
Beat VMG2.323.183.834.304.604.754.834.874.82
52°3.604.855.726.236.506.666.746.806.81
60°3.905.186.016.466.686.826.927.007.03
75°4.185.486.276.686.927.087.187.347.42
90°4.185.516.346.777.057.297.487.737.86
110°3.785.156.166.717.057.347.608.098.51
120°3.614.965.996.627.007.327.638.198.80
135°3.194.455.496.306.787.137.468.128.90
150°2.623.794.845.726.406.827.147.788.48
Run VMG2.273.284.204.985.686.246.667.287.87
Gybe Angles146.5°146.5°151.4°154.3°161.0°167.8°177.2°178.3°178.1°
APH ToD:606.3CDL: 7.946APH ToT: 0.9896CertNo:
BOAT
ClassElan 31DesignerRob HumphreysBuilderElan MarineAge date01/2005Series date01/2002Offset fileELAN3110.OFFData fileFIN10060
HULL
Length Overall9.200 mMaximum Beam3.196 mDraft1.907 mDisplacement4,500 kgDLR7.0681IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.340%Age Allowance0.487%
PROPELLER
InstallationStrutTypeFolding 2 bladesDiameter0.380m
CREW
Maximum weight400 kg(declared)Minimum weight270 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerNoCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail28.8829.51Headsail Luffed24.6724.67Headsail Flying40.0140.01Symmetric59.7659.76Asymmetric
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail8.59Storm Jib6.90Heavy Weather Jib18.61
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails5Spinnakers4
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
Club Certificate2025
Plan BFIN10060
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG1551.51133.0938.8836.3781.8757.3745.6739.5747.1
52°998.9742.6629.5577.6553.5540.4534.4529.3528.9
60°923.2695.2598.5557.2539.2527.8520.4514.2512.2
75°861.1656.7573.8539.2520.5508.5501.2490.7484.9
90°860.3653.2567.9531.7510.3494.1481.5465.8457.7
110°953.6698.8584.9536.4510.4490.2473.7444.9423.0
120°998.1726.0601.3543.6514.2491.6471.9439.5409.0
135°1127.6808.7655.6571.6531.1505.0482.4443.2404.6
150°1372.3950.4743.9629.7562.9528.1503.9462.5424.8
Run VMG1586.41097.4858.2723.4634.2577.3540.6494.5457.3
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward1567.11115.2898.5779.8708.0667.3643.1617.0602.2
All purpose1174.2852.9703.6627.3584.6559.9543.8522.4507.7
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward742.60.8080
All purpose606.30.9896
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low778.30.7709
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium602.60.9957
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High539.81.1115
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1006.90.5959
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium737.60.8134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.40.9384
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance660.00.9090
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low778.30.7709
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium602.60.9957
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High539.81.1115
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1006.90.5959
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium737.60.8134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.40.9384
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1667.31113.4844.4704.6623.2580.9549.4501.2484.8
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.7080
Downwind "popa"0.8527
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.7460
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.8034
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low778.30.7709
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium602.60.9957
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High539.81.1115
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1006.90.5959
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium737.60.8134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.40.9384
Predominantly Upwind654.90.9162
Predominantly Downwind616.40.9734
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low778.30.7709
Triple Number AP Medium602.60.9956
Triple Number AP High539.81.1115
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1051.20.5708
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium737.60.8134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.40.9384
Single Number Predominant Upwind680.50.8817
Single Number Predominant Reaching601.20.9979
Single Number Predominant Downwind643.80.9320
Predominant Upwind - Low934.00.6424
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med718.50.8351
Predominant Upwind - Medium633.80.9466
Predominant Upwind - Med/High591.61.0142
Predominant Upwind - High576.11.0414
Predominant Downwind Low943.50.6359
Predominant Downwind Low/Med698.70.8587
Predominant Downwind Medium594.01.0101
Predominant Downwind Med/High530.91.1301
Predominant Downwind High497.21.2068
Predominant Reaching Low825.80.7265
Predominant Reaching Low/Med637.60.9410
Predominant Reaching Medium562.81.0660
Predominant Reaching Med/High519.41.1553
Predominant Reaching High496.11.2095
SA/DSPL Upwind19.55SA/DSPL Downwind32.36
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1174.50.5109
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med860.50.6973
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium723.70.8291
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High648.20.9256
5-Band Windward/Leeward High618.90.9694
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1177.40.5096
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med870.00.6897
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium738.30.8127
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High668.50.8975
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High643.50.9324
5-Band AP Low857.80.6995
5-Band AP Low/Med681.10.8809
5-Band AP Medium594.11.0100
5-Band AP Med/High546.31.0982
5-Band AP High523.51.1461
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1013.20.5922
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med824.00.7281
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium701.00.8559
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High635.40.9443
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High608.80.9855
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8544
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.8802
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.8983
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6442
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6500
Harvest Moon Regatta528.31.1358
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance660.00.9090
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low778.30.7709
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium602.60.9957
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High539.81.1115
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1006.90.5959
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium737.60.8134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.40.9384
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1667.31113.4844.4704.6623.2580.9549.4501.2484.8
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance660.00.9090
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low778.30.7709
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium602.60.9957
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High539.81.1115
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1006.90.5959
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium737.60.8134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.40.9384
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1667.31113.4844.4704.6623.2580.9549.4501.2484.8
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance660.0
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1667.31113.4844.4704.6623.2580.9549.4501.2484.8
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low778.30.7709
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium602.60.9957
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High539.81.1115
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1006.90.5959
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium737.60.8134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.40.9384
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating660.00.9090
FinRating, kevyt tuuli1151.00.8688
FinRating, kova tuuli527.00.9487
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low778.30.7709
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium602.60.9957
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High539.81.1115
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1006.90.5959
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium737.60.8134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.40.9384
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance0.9090
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7709
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9957
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1115
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5959
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9384
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1667.31113.4844.4704.6623.2580.9549.4501.2484.8
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)680.3
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance660.00.9090
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low778.30.7709
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium602.60.9957
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High539.81.1115
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1006.90.5959
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium737.60.8134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.40.9384
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1667.31113.4844.4704.6623.2580.9549.4501.2484.8
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low778.30.7709
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium602.60.9957
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High539.81.1115
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1006.90.5959
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium737.60.8134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.40.9384
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance660.00.9090
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low778.30.7709
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium602.60.9957
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High539.81.1115
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1006.90.5959
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium737.60.8134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.40.9384
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1667.31113.4844.4704.6623.2580.9549.4501.2484.8
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance660.00.9090
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low778.30.7709
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium602.60.9957
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High539.81.1115
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1006.90.5959
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium737.60.8134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.40.9384
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1667.31113.4844.4704.6623.2580.9549.4501.2484.8
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low778.3
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium602.6
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High539.8
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1006.9
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium737.6
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.4
Predominantly Upwind654.9
Predominantly Downwind616.4
Predominantly Reaching589.6
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance660.00.9090
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low778.30.7709
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium602.60.9957
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High539.81.1115
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1006.90.5959
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium737.60.8134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.40.9384
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1667.31113.4844.4704.6623.2580.9549.4501.2484.8
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7709
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9957
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1115
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5959
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9384
Coastal/Long Distance0.9090
Predominantly Upwind0.9162
Predominantly Downwind0.9734
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)680.3
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)0.9896
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.7709
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind0.9957
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind1.1115
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.5959
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind0.8134
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind0.9384
Motvind Singeltall0.9162
Medvind Singeltall0.9734
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low778.30.7709
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium602.60.9957
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High539.81.1115
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1006.90.5959
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium737.60.8134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.40.9384
Coastal/Long Distance660.00.9090
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind654.90.9162
Predominantly Downwind616.40.9734
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore606.60.9891
Cape Doctor Coastal512.11.1717
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low778.30.7709
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium602.60.9957
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High539.81.1115
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1006.90.5959
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium737.60.8134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.40.9384
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7709
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9957
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1115
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5959
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9384
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7709
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9957
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1115
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5959
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9384
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance660.00.9090
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low778.30.7709
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium602.60.9957
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High539.81.1115
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1006.90.5959
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium737.60.8134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.40.9384
Predominantly Upwind654.90.9162
Predominantly Downwind616.40.9734
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1667.31113.4844.4704.6623.2580.9549.4501.2484.8
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance660.00.9090
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low778.30.7709
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium602.60.9957
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High539.81.1115
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1006.90.5959
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium737.60.8134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.40.9384
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1667.31113.4844.4704.6623.2580.9549.4501.2484.8
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low778.30.7709
Triple Number AP Medium602.60.9956
Triple Number AP High539.81.1115
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1051.20.5708
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium737.60.8134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High639.40.9384
Single Number Predominant Upwind680.50.8817
Single Number Predominant Reaching601.20.9979
Single Number Predominant Downwind643.80.9320
Predominant Upwind - Low934.00.6424
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med718.50.8351
Predominant Upwind - Medium633.80.9466
Predominant Upwind - Med/High591.61.0142
Predominant Upwind - High576.11.0414
Predominant Downwind Low943.50.6359
Predominant Downwind Low/Med698.70.8587
Predominant Downwind Medium594.01.0101
Predominant Downwind Med/High530.91.1301
Predominant Downwind High497.21.2068
Predominant Reaching Low825.80.7265
Predominant Reaching Low/Med637.60.9410
Predominant Reaching Medium562.81.0660
Predominant Reaching Med/High519.41.1553
Predominant Reaching High496.11.2095
SA/DSPL Upwind19.55SA/DSPL Downwind32.36
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1174.50.5109
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med860.50.6973
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium723.70.8291
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High648.20.9256
5-Band Windward/Leeward High618.90.9694
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1177.40.5096
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med870.00.6897
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium738.30.8127
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High668.50.8975
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High643.50.9324
5-Band AP Low857.80.6995
5-Band AP Low/Med681.10.8809
5-Band AP Medium594.11.0100
5-Band AP Med/High546.31.0982
5-Band AP High523.51.1461
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1013.20.5922
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med824.00.7281
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium701.00.8559
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High635.40.9443
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High608.80.9855
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8544
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.8802
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.8983
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6442
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6500
Harvest Moon Regatta528.31.1358
Club Certificate2025
Plan BFIN10060
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassElan 31MeasurementHINPlan reviewHull constructionSolidCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA9.200Max. Beam3.196Draft1.907Displacement4,500Wetted area20.26IMS L8.596LSM08.602Acc. length9.200Sink (kg/mm) 15.58
VCGD0.039VCGM0.061RM Rated (kg·m) 80.0Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight555Declared crew weight400
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeFolding 2 blades
InstallationStrutTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.380PBW0.113PIPA0.0036
EDL2.000ST10.065ST20.180
ST30.180ST40.110ST50.300
RIG
Forestay tensionFixedInner stayNone FittedMast materialAluminumSingle headsail furlerNoMainsail furlerNoArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays0CheckstaysSpreaders2Rotating mastNo
P11.460IG11.740ISP11.740MDT10.120MDL10.160MDT20.120MDL20.160TL0.000MW0.160GO0.160
E4.280J3.280BAS1.365FSDSFJSPL3.320WPLTPS3.580BDMWTMCG
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodRM estimatedFlotation Date26/02/2020
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
Club Certificate2025
Plan BFIN10060
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateComment10.120.871.582.703.5928.88
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateCommentgenaker3.906.5011.63NoYes040.0110.541.072.203.394.6310.93NoNo 24.67bryt0.771.632.533.4410.96NoNo 18.46
SYMMETRIC SPINNAKER
IdSLUSLESLSHWSFLAreaMeas.DateComment111.6511.6511.656.2059.76
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length9.2 mTable area0.44 m²Headroom1.64 mMinimum number of berths4Personal gear stowage0.16 m³Fresh water capacity64 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit4Food stowage0.24 m³Fuel capacity34 lCabin soleStovesSinksGalley gear stowageToiletWash basinNavigation areaHanging locker
*This list is a summary of the requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for details.