Club Certificate2025
Happy OursFIN-3767
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles43.9°43.9°41.4°40.1°39.2°38.8°38.5°38.5°39.4°
Beat VMG2.223.073.754.224.504.634.714.764.70
52°3.494.715.586.136.426.566.646.706.71
60°3.714.965.826.326.596.746.826.906.92
75°3.835.126.006.486.756.937.067.207.27
90°3.855.216.166.656.907.037.187.467.63
110°3.845.246.256.757.077.347.567.868.11
120°3.655.046.096.687.037.337.628.208.60
135°3.214.475.526.366.827.167.498.189.16
150°2.573.734.805.746.456.867.187.838.64
Run VMG2.223.234.164.985.746.296.707.327.93
Gybe Angles146.5°146.5°151.4°152.3°161.5°168.7°177.2°178.6°178.6°
APH ToD:613.7CDL: 7.768APH ToT: 0.9776CertNo:
BOAT
Classalbin novaDesignerPeter NorlinBuilderAlbin MarinAge date01/1984Series date01/1984Offset fileALBINNOVA.offData fileFIN3767
HULL
Length Overall9.896 mMaximum Beam3.156 mDraft1.719 mDisplacement4,400 kgDLR7.2673IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.320%Age Allowance0.487%
PROPELLER
InstallationShaft exposedTypeFolding 2 bladesDiameter0.410m
CREW
Maximum weight400 kg(declared)Minimum weight270 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerNoCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail29.6730.12Headsail Luffed21.1321.13Headsail FlyingSymmetric62.9162.91Asymmetric
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail9.11Storm Jib5.67Heavy Weather Jib15.29
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails5Spinnakers4
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
Club Certificate2025
Happy OursFIN-3767
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG1623.41171.3959.5852.7800.0776.9764.3757.0766.6
52°1032.7765.1645.1586.9560.8548.4542.5537.1536.9
60°970.9725.3618.3569.3546.4534.5528.1521.9520.3
75°939.3702.6600.4555.8533.6519.7510.0499.7494.9
90°935.9691.3584.1541.4522.0512.4501.5482.7472.1
110°938.2687.3576.5533.1509.1490.8476.1458.0443.9
120°985.1714.3591.4539.1511.9490.9472.3439.2418.6
135°1123.1805.7652.1565.9527.9502.7480.9440.0393.2
150°1401.0965.2749.9627.0558.1525.1501.3460.0416.7
Run VMG1622.81114.6865.0722.5627.4572.4537.0491.7454.2
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward1621.51142.9912.2787.6713.7674.6650.7624.4610.4
All purpose1214.6873.8713.9633.3590.1566.9551.1530.0515.6
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward751.20.7987
All purpose613.70.9776
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low793.90.7558
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium609.00.9852
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High547.11.0966
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1027.60.5839
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium745.10.8053
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High646.80.9277
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance667.90.8984
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low793.90.7558
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium609.00.9852
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High547.11.0966
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1027.60.5839
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium745.10.8053
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High646.80.9277
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1723.91140.1857.0711.3628.8588.0557.1507.7492.9
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.6906
Downwind "popa"0.8518
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.7322
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.7961
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low793.90.7558
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium609.00.9852
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High547.11.0966
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1027.60.5839
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium745.10.8053
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High646.80.9277
Predominantly Upwind666.20.9006
Predominantly Downwind619.80.9680
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low793.90.7558
Triple Number AP Medium609.10.9851
Triple Number AP High547.11.0966
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1074.70.5583
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium745.10.8053
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High646.80.9277
Single Number Predominant Upwind694.20.8643
Single Number Predominant Reaching611.60.9811
Single Number Predominant Downwind648.80.9248
Predominant Upwind - Low963.00.6230
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med732.10.8196
Predominant Upwind - Medium643.90.9318
Predominant Upwind - Med/High602.50.9958
Predominant Upwind - High586.41.0231
Predominant Downwind Low960.80.6245
Predominant Downwind Low/Med704.10.8521
Predominant Downwind Medium596.01.0067
Predominant Downwind Med/High534.11.1234
Predominant Downwind High499.61.2009
Predominant Reaching Low850.00.7059
Predominant Reaching Low/Med647.10.9272
Predominant Reaching Medium569.71.0531
Predominant Reaching Med/High528.41.1355
Predominant Reaching High504.01.1906
SA/DSPL Upwind18.83SA/DSPL Downwind34.31
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1205.30.4978
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med873.00.6873
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium730.80.8210
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High655.60.9152
5-Band Windward/Leeward High626.50.9577
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1210.50.4957
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med884.30.6785
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium747.70.8025
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High678.10.8848
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High653.20.9186
5-Band AP Low877.60.6837
5-Band AP Low/Med690.70.8686
5-Band AP Medium600.40.9993
5-Band AP Med/High553.51.0841
5-Band AP High531.11.1296
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1035.10.5796
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med835.50.7182
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium708.50.8469
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High643.20.9328
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High616.60.9732
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8377
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.8671
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.8912
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6293
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6343
Harvest Moon Regatta534.61.1224
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance667.90.8984
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low793.90.7558
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium609.00.9852
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High547.11.0966
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1027.60.5839
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium745.10.8053
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High646.80.9277
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1723.91140.1857.0711.3628.8588.0557.1507.7492.9
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance667.90.8984
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low793.90.7558
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium609.00.9852
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High547.11.0966
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1027.60.5839
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium745.10.8053
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High646.80.9277
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1723.91140.1857.0711.3628.8588.0557.1507.7492.9
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance667.9
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1723.91140.1857.0711.3628.8588.0557.1507.7492.9
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low793.90.7558
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium609.00.9852
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High547.11.0966
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1027.60.5839
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium745.10.8053
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High646.80.9277
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating667.90.8984
FinRating, kevyt tuuli1182.70.8455
FinRating, kova tuuli534.50.9354
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low793.90.7558
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium609.00.9852
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High547.11.0966
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1027.60.5839
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium745.10.8053
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High646.80.9277
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance0.8984
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7558
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9852
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0966
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5839
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8053
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9277
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1723.91140.1857.0711.3628.8588.0557.1507.7492.9
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)690.0
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance667.90.8984
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low793.90.7558
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium609.00.9852
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High547.11.0966
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1027.60.5839
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium745.10.8053
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High646.80.9277
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1723.91140.1857.0711.3628.8588.0557.1507.7492.9
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low793.90.7558
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium609.00.9852
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High547.11.0966
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1027.60.5839
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium745.10.8053
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High646.80.9277
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance667.90.8984
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low793.90.7558
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium609.00.9852
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High547.11.0966
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1027.60.5839
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium745.10.8053
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High646.80.9277
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1723.91140.1857.0711.3628.8588.0557.1507.7492.9
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance667.90.8984
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low793.90.7558
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium609.00.9852
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High547.11.0966
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1027.60.5839
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium745.10.8053
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High646.80.9277
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1723.91140.1857.0711.3628.8588.0557.1507.7492.9
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low793.9
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium609.0
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High547.1
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1027.6
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium745.1
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High646.8
Predominantly Upwind666.2
Predominantly Downwind619.8
Predominantly Reaching596.3
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance667.90.8984
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low793.90.7558
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium609.00.9852
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High547.11.0966
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1027.60.5839
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium745.10.8053
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High646.80.9277
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1723.91140.1857.0711.3628.8588.0557.1507.7492.9
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7558
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9852
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0966
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5839
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8053
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9277
Coastal/Long Distance0.8984
Predominantly Upwind0.9006
Predominantly Downwind0.9680
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)690.0
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)0.9776
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.7558
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind0.9852
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind1.0966
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.5839
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind0.8053
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind0.9277
Motvind Singeltall0.9006
Medvind Singeltall0.9680
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low793.90.7558
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium609.00.9852
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High547.11.0966
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1027.60.5839
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium745.10.8053
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High646.80.9277
Coastal/Long Distance667.90.8984
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind666.20.9006
Predominantly Downwind619.80.9680
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore614.60.9763
Cape Doctor Coastal519.91.1541
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low793.90.7558
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium609.00.9852
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High547.11.0966
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1027.60.5839
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium745.10.8053
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High646.80.9277
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7558
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9852
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0966
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5839
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8053
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9277
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7558
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9852
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0966
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5839
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8053
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9277
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance667.90.8984
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low793.90.7558
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium609.00.9852
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High547.11.0966
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1027.60.5839
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium745.10.8053
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High646.80.9277
Predominantly Upwind666.20.9006
Predominantly Downwind619.80.9680
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1723.91140.1857.0711.3628.8588.0557.1507.7492.9
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance667.90.8984
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low793.90.7558
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium609.00.9852
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High547.11.0966
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1027.60.5839
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium745.10.8053
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High646.80.9277
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1723.91140.1857.0711.3628.8588.0557.1507.7492.9
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low793.90.7558
Triple Number AP Medium609.10.9851
Triple Number AP High547.11.0966
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1074.70.5583
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium745.10.8053
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High646.80.9277
Single Number Predominant Upwind694.20.8643
Single Number Predominant Reaching611.60.9811
Single Number Predominant Downwind648.80.9248
Predominant Upwind - Low963.00.6230
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med732.10.8196
Predominant Upwind - Medium643.90.9318
Predominant Upwind - Med/High602.50.9958
Predominant Upwind - High586.41.0231
Predominant Downwind Low960.80.6245
Predominant Downwind Low/Med704.10.8521
Predominant Downwind Medium596.01.0067
Predominant Downwind Med/High534.11.1234
Predominant Downwind High499.61.2009
Predominant Reaching Low850.00.7059
Predominant Reaching Low/Med647.10.9272
Predominant Reaching Medium569.71.0531
Predominant Reaching Med/High528.41.1355
Predominant Reaching High504.01.1906
SA/DSPL Upwind18.83SA/DSPL Downwind34.31
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1205.30.4978
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med873.00.6873
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium730.80.8210
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High655.60.9152
5-Band Windward/Leeward High626.50.9577
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1210.50.4957
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med884.30.6785
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium747.70.8025
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High678.10.8848
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High653.20.9186
5-Band AP Low877.60.6837
5-Band AP Low/Med690.70.8686
5-Band AP Medium600.40.9993
5-Band AP Med/High553.51.0841
5-Band AP High531.11.1296
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1035.10.5796
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med835.50.7182
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium708.50.8469
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High643.20.9328
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High616.60.9732
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8377
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.8671
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.8912
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6293
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6343
Harvest Moon Regatta534.61.1224
Club Certificate2025
Happy OursFIN-3767
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
Classalbin novaMeasurement29/07/2020HINPlan reviewHull constructionCoredCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA9.896Max. Beam3.156Draft1.719Displacement4,400Wetted area21.26IMS L8.567LSM08.459Acc. length9.896Sink (kg/mm) 14.79
VCGD-0.033VCGM-0.013RM Rated (kg·m) 73.5Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight542Declared crew weight400
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeFolding 2 blades
InstallationShaft exposedTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.410PBW0.090PIPA0.0016
PSDPHDPHL
PSAESL
ST1ST2ST3
ST4ST5
RIG
Forestay tensionAftInner stayNone FittedMast materialAluminumSingle headsail furlerNoMainsail furlerNoArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays0CheckstaysSpreaders1Rotating mastNo
P12.100IG10.640ISP10.700MDT10.115MDL10.170MDT2MDL2TLNo TaperMWGO
E4.300J3.640BAS1.540FSDSFJSPL4.080WPLTPSBDMWTMCG
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodRM estimatedFlotation Date29/07/2020
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
Club Certificate2025
Happy OursFIN-3767
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateComment20.170.801.462.613.5129.67
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateComment20.100.480.951.912.913.9010.90NoNo 21.13
SYMMETRIC SPINNAKER
IdSLUSLESLSHWSFLAreaMeas.DateComment110.7510.7510.757.106.7162.91210.8010.8010.806.506.6558.7716/05/2024
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length9.9 mTable area0.44 m²Headroom1.70 mMinimum number of berths4Personal gear stowage0.16 m³Fresh water capacity78 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit4Food stowage0.24 m³Fuel capacity48 lCabin soleStovesSinksGalley gear stowageToiletWash basinNavigation areaHanging locker
*This list is a summary of the requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for details.