Double HandedClub Certificate2025
ArielFIN 11012
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles43.5°43.5°41.6°40.2°39.6°39.3°39.3°39.9°43.0°
Beat VMG2.353.264.004.494.724.834.884.894.75
52°3.674.995.966.566.846.967.037.097.07
60°3.915.276.226.797.077.207.287.377.39
75°4.055.476.477.007.307.537.687.887.97
90°4.205.666.677.237.607.888.058.388.62
110°3.945.446.577.227.688.128.559.319.86
120°3.755.246.427.147.668.168.639.7010.84
135°3.274.635.816.797.377.898.449.7511.58
150°2.653.864.996.016.877.407.909.0210.54
Run VMG2.293.344.325.216.036.647.138.049.18
Gybe Angles144.9°144.9°149.3°149.4°155.2°164.2°168.7°166.7°157.0°
APH ToD:574.8CDL: 8.512APH ToT: 1.0439CertNo:
BOAT
ClassBuckley 34DesignerBuckleyBuilderMikaTalo /Tommi LavonenAge date01/2000Series date06/1986Offset fileFIN11012.offData fileFIN11012
HULL
Length Overall10.454 mMaximum Beam3.010 mDraft1.815 mDisplacement3,200 kgDLR3.9181IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.250%Age Allowance0.487%
PROPELLER
InstallationShaft exposedTypeFolding 2 bladesDiameter0.380m
CREW
Maximum weight180 kg(declared)Minimum weight120 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerNoCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail28.3529.21Headsail Luffed21.8721.87Headsail Flying40.5440.54Symmetric62.7862.78Asymmetric
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail8.10Storm Jib5.11Heavy Weather Jib13.78
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails5
✱ Woven polyester sails
Spinnakers4
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
Double HandedClub Certificate2025
ArielFIN 11012
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG1533.51102.7900.6802.5762.1745.7737.9736.3758.5
52°981.1721.4603.8548.7526.0517.1512.0507.5508.9
60°919.9683.2578.4530.2509.2500.1494.4488.2487.2
75°888.5657.7556.4514.0493.4478.3469.0456.8451.8
90°857.4636.3539.7498.1473.6457.1447.0429.5417.5
110°913.3662.2548.2498.4468.9443.6420.9386.6365.1
120°960.7687.4560.9504.1470.2441.2416.9371.3332.2
135°1100.7778.0619.5530.0488.7456.1426.3369.3311.0
150°1360.4932.4720.9598.6524.0486.7456.0398.9341.5
Run VMG1572.21076.7832.4691.2597.1542.0505.0447.6392.2
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward1551.31089.7866.5746.8679.6643.8621.4592.0575.4
All purpose1159.9829.9673.9594.8552.8528.5511.2484.9467.4
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward714.90.8393
All purpose574.81.0439
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.00.7979
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium570.81.0511
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High505.61.1866
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low978.20.6134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.60.8467
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High616.00.9741
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance627.80.9557
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.00.7979
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium570.81.0511
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High505.61.1866
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low978.20.6134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.60.8467
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High616.00.9741
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1656.31088.4813.2671.6591.1549.1515.8459.1437.6
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.7257
Downwind "popa"0.8951
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.7694
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.8365
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.00.7979
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium570.81.0511
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High505.61.1866
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low978.20.6134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.60.8467
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High616.00.9741
Predominantly Upwind626.60.9576
Predominantly Downwind580.91.0329
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low751.90.7979
Triple Number AP Medium570.91.0510
Triple Number AP High505.71.1866
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1023.60.5862
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.60.8467
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High616.00.9741
Single Number Predominant Upwind653.20.9186
Single Number Predominant Reaching567.41.0575
Single Number Predominant Downwind608.10.9867
Predominant Upwind - Low909.90.6594
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med688.00.8721
Predominant Upwind - Medium605.10.9916
Predominant Upwind - Med/High566.51.0591
Predominant Upwind - High550.81.0893
Predominant Downwind Low919.30.6527
Predominant Downwind Low/Med666.50.9002
Predominant Downwind Medium558.01.0753
Predominant Downwind Med/High491.11.2218
Predominant Downwind High448.61.3376
Predominant Reaching Low803.20.7471
Predominant Reaching Low/Med605.90.9902
Predominant Reaching Medium527.81.1368
Predominant Reaching Med/High482.21.2443
Predominant Reaching High453.51.3230
SA/DSPL Upwind23.04SA/DSPL Downwind41.80
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1149.70.5219
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med829.60.7232
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium695.60.8626
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High625.10.9598
5-Band Windward/Leeward High594.21.0098
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1151.70.5210
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med838.70.7154
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium711.50.8432
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High648.30.9255
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High623.40.9624
5-Band AP Low835.60.7180
5-Band AP Low/Med651.10.9215
5-Band AP Medium562.31.0670
5-Band AP Med/High513.21.1692
5-Band AP High486.41.2335
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low985.10.6091
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med792.20.7574
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium671.70.8933
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High609.20.9849
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High580.11.0344
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8904
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.9225
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.9470
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6620
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6680
Harvest Moon Regatta487.71.2304
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance627.80.9557
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.00.7979
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium570.81.0511
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High505.61.1866
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low978.20.6134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.60.8467
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High616.00.9741
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1656.31088.4813.2671.6591.1549.1515.8459.1437.6
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance627.80.9557
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.00.7979
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium570.81.0511
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High505.61.1866
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low978.20.6134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.60.8467
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High616.00.9741
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1656.31088.4813.2671.6591.1549.1515.8459.1437.6
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance627.8
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1656.31088.4813.2671.6591.1549.1515.8459.1437.6
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.00.7979
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium570.81.0511
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High505.61.1866
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low978.20.6134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.60.8467
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High616.00.9741
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating627.80.9557
FinRating, kevyt tuuli1128.00.8865
FinRating, kova tuuli487.81.0251
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.00.7979
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium570.81.0511
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High505.61.1866
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low978.20.6134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.60.8467
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High616.00.9741
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance0.9557
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7979
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0511
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1866
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8467
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9741
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1656.31088.4813.2671.6591.1549.1515.8459.1437.6
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)648.0
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance627.80.9557
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.00.7979
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium570.81.0511
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High505.61.1866
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low978.20.6134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.60.8467
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High616.00.9741
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1656.31088.4813.2671.6591.1549.1515.8459.1437.6
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.00.7979
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium570.81.0511
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High505.61.1866
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low978.20.6134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.60.8467
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High616.00.9741
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance627.80.9557
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.00.7979
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium570.81.0511
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High505.61.1866
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low978.20.6134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.60.8467
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High616.00.9741
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1656.31088.4813.2671.6591.1549.1515.8459.1437.6
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance627.80.9557
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.00.7979
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium570.81.0511
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High505.61.1866
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low978.20.6134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.60.8467
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High616.00.9741
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1656.31088.4813.2671.6591.1549.1515.8459.1437.6
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.0
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium570.8
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High505.6
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low978.2
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.6
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High616.0
Predominantly Upwind626.6
Predominantly Downwind580.9
Predominantly Reaching554.5
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance627.80.9557
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.00.7979
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium570.81.0511
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High505.61.1866
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low978.20.6134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.60.8467
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High616.00.9741
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1656.31088.4813.2671.6591.1549.1515.8459.1437.6
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7979
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0511
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1866
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8467
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9741
Coastal/Long Distance0.9557
Predominantly Upwind0.9576
Predominantly Downwind1.0329
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)648.0
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)1.0439
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.7979
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind1.0511
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind1.1866
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.6134
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind0.8467
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind0.9741
Motvind Singeltall0.9576
Medvind Singeltall1.0329
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.00.7979
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium570.81.0511
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High505.61.1866
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low978.20.6134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.60.8467
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High616.00.9741
Coastal/Long Distance627.80.9557
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind626.60.9576
Predominantly Downwind580.91.0329
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore580.41.0338
Cape Doctor Coastal472.61.2695
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.00.7979
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium570.81.0511
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High505.61.1866
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low978.20.6134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.60.8467
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High616.00.9741
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7979
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0511
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1866
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8467
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9741
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7979
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0511
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1866
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8467
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.9741
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance627.80.9557
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.00.7979
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium570.81.0511
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High505.61.1866
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low978.20.6134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.60.8467
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High616.00.9741
Predominantly Upwind626.60.9576
Predominantly Downwind580.91.0329
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1656.31088.4813.2671.6591.1549.1515.8459.1437.6
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance627.80.9557
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low752.00.7979
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium570.81.0511
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High505.61.1866
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low978.20.6134
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.60.8467
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High616.00.9741
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1656.31088.4813.2671.6591.1549.1515.8459.1437.6
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low751.90.7979
Triple Number AP Medium570.91.0510
Triple Number AP High505.71.1866
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1023.60.5862
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium708.60.8467
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High616.00.9741
Single Number Predominant Upwind653.20.9186
Single Number Predominant Reaching567.41.0575
Single Number Predominant Downwind608.10.9867
Predominant Upwind - Low909.90.6594
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med688.00.8721
Predominant Upwind - Medium605.10.9916
Predominant Upwind - Med/High566.51.0591
Predominant Upwind - High550.81.0893
Predominant Downwind Low919.30.6527
Predominant Downwind Low/Med666.50.9002
Predominant Downwind Medium558.01.0753
Predominant Downwind Med/High491.11.2218
Predominant Downwind High448.61.3376
Predominant Reaching Low803.20.7471
Predominant Reaching Low/Med605.90.9902
Predominant Reaching Medium527.81.1368
Predominant Reaching Med/High482.21.2443
Predominant Reaching High453.51.3230
SA/DSPL Upwind23.04SA/DSPL Downwind41.80
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1149.70.5219
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med829.60.7232
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium695.60.8626
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High625.10.9598
5-Band Windward/Leeward High594.21.0098
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1151.70.5210
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med838.70.7154
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium711.50.8432
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High648.30.9255
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High623.40.9624
5-Band AP Low835.60.7180
5-Band AP Low/Med651.10.9215
5-Band AP Medium562.31.0670
5-Band AP Med/High513.21.1692
5-Band AP High486.41.2335
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low985.10.6091
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med792.20.7574
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium671.70.8933
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High609.20.9849
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High580.11.0344
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8904
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.9225
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.9470
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6620
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6680
Harvest Moon Regatta487.71.2304
Double HandedClub Certificate2025
ArielFIN 11012
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassBuckley 34MeasurementHINPlan reviewHull constructionSolidCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA10.454Max. Beam3.010Draft1.815Displacement3,200Wetted area19.41IMS L9.345LSM09.347Acc. length9.783Sink (kg/mm) 16.13
VCGD0.178VCGM0.174RM Rated (kg·m) 76.1Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight170Declared crew weight180
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeFolding 2 blades
InstallationShaft exposedTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.380PBWPIPA0.0014
PSDPHDPHL
PSAESL
ST1ST2ST3
ST4ST5
RIG
Forestay tensionAftInner stayNone FittedMast materialAluminumSingle headsail furlerNoMainsail furlerNoArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays0CheckstaysSpreaders1Rotating mastNo
P10.860IG10.100ISP10.200MDT10.090MDL10.140MDT2MDL2TLMWGO
E4.260J3.480BAS1.100FSDSFJSPL3.660WPLTPS4.620BDMWTMCG
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodRM estimatedFlotation Date02/08/2024
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
Double HandedClub Certificate2025
ArielFIN 11012
Avomeripurjehtijat ry
c/o Mainoskauppa Oy
Melkonkatu 16 B
00210 HELSINKI
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateComment00.130.961.722.863.6528.35
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateComment00.001.162.204.195.825.9610.87NoYes040.5400.000.591.082.063.054.0310.63NoNo 21.87
SYMMETRIC SPINNAKER
IdSLUSLESLSHWSFLAreaMeas.DateComment110.4610.4610.467.326.7362.78
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length9.8 mTable area0.44 m²Headroom1.69 mMinimum number of berths4Personal gear stowage0.16 m³Fresh water capacity76 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit4Food stowage0.24 m³Fuel capacity46 lCabin soleStovesSinksGalley gear stowageToiletWash basinNavigation areaHanging locker
*This list is a summary of the requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for details.