Club Certificate2025
KirstenNED 5418
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles42.8°42.8°40.5°38.9°37.7°37.2°37.4°37.4°38.7°
Beat VMG2.523.464.214.724.995.115.185.255.19
52°3.925.256.176.737.007.127.197.287.30
60°4.165.516.406.907.167.307.387.487.51
75°4.315.686.547.037.327.527.667.817.89
90°4.205.646.647.157.427.597.818.148.34
110°4.145.626.677.237.607.908.178.548.79
120°3.965.416.487.127.547.898.248.999.55
135°3.444.815.936.757.267.658.038.9310.49
150°2.804.055.176.126.837.297.668.429.50
Run VMG2.433.504.485.336.066.667.127.838.54
Gybe Angles144.8°144.8°150.1°154.1°160.8°167.8°176.8°178.1°176.6°
APH ToD:565.0CDL: 8.947APH ToT: 1.0619CertNo:none
BOAT
ClassDehler 37 DBDesignerDehler/v.d.StadtBuilderDehler YachtbauAge date03/1995Series date03/1995Offset fileH222.BOFData fileNED5418
HULL
Length Overall11.010 mMaximum Beam3.500 mDraft2.046 mDisplacement5,306 kgDLR7.5168IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.180%Age Allowance0.487%
PROPELLER
InstallationShaft exposedTypeFeathering 3 bladesDiameter0.392m
CREW
Maximum weight550 kg(declared)Minimum weight420 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerNoCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail44.0744.94Headsail Luffed24.8324.83Headsail FlyingSymmetric78.8778.87Asymmetric
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail13.07Storm Jib9.06Heavy Weather Jib24.46
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails5Spinnakers4
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
Club Certificate2025
KirstenNED 5418
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG1430.91039.1856.0762.4721.3704.5694.7685.4693.8
52°919.0685.8583.2535.0514.3505.6500.4494.5493.4
60°865.8653.2562.9522.0502.5493.0487.7481.4479.2
75°834.7633.7550.1512.4491.8478.7470.1460.8456.1
90°858.1638.1542.6503.2485.5474.0460.7442.1431.8
110°869.0640.4539.7497.8473.8455.4440.8421.7409.3
120°909.7665.5555.2505.3477.7456.3436.9400.4376.8
135°1047.1748.7606.8533.3495.7470.4448.2403.3343.1
150°1285.4889.7695.7588.2527.0493.5469.7427.6378.8
Run VMG1484.01027.3803.2675.9594.0540.5505.3460.0421.3
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward1456.11033.2829.6719.2657.6622.5600.0572.7557.6
All purpose1097.1794.6653.6582.5545.1523.7508.4486.2469.6
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward688.90.8710
All purpose565.01.0619
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low724.10.8286
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium561.31.0690
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High503.91.1907
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low931.40.6442
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium683.70.8776
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High595.41.0077
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance613.90.9773
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low724.10.8286
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium561.31.0690
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High503.91.1907
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low931.40.6442
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium683.70.8776
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High595.41.0077
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1549.41032.6781.5652.0580.1543.1514.0466.1449.8
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.7687
Downwind "popa"0.9118
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.8067
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.8636
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low724.10.8286
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium561.31.0690
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High503.91.1907
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low931.40.6442
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium683.70.8776
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High595.41.0077
Predominantly Upwind608.80.9855
Predominantly Downwind575.61.0423
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low724.10.8286
Triple Number AP Medium561.31.0689
Triple Number AP High503.91.1907
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low973.00.6167
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium683.70.8776
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High595.41.0077
Single Number Predominant Upwind632.80.9482
Single Number Predominant Reaching564.21.0635
Single Number Predominant Downwind601.00.9983
Predominant Upwind - Low867.40.6918
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med665.20.9020
Predominant Upwind - Medium589.51.0179
Predominant Upwind - Med/High553.01.0849
Predominant Upwind - High536.21.1190
Predominant Downwind Low881.90.6803
Predominant Downwind Low/Med651.80.9206
Predominant Downwind Medium555.21.0807
Predominant Downwind Med/High496.21.2092
Predominant Downwind High459.91.3047
Predominant Reaching Low778.30.7709
Predominant Reaching Low/Med597.01.0050
Predominant Reaching Medium527.91.1365
Predominant Reaching Med/High488.01.2296
Predominant Reaching High461.81.2991
SA/DSPL Upwind22.53SA/DSPL Downwind40.19
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1088.40.5513
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med795.30.7545
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium671.50.8935
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High604.10.9933
5-Band Windward/Leeward High574.81.0438
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1088.90.5510
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med802.20.7479
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium684.10.8771
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High622.70.9636
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High597.51.0041
5-Band AP Low801.00.7490
5-Band AP Low/Med633.30.9474
5-Band AP Medium553.71.0836
5-Band AP Med/High510.31.1757
5-Band AP High487.11.2317
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low936.40.6408
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med760.60.7888
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium650.00.9231
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High591.51.0143
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High564.11.0637
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.9206
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.9446
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.9622
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6920
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6975
Harvest Moon Regatta494.71.2129
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance613.90.9773
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low724.10.8286
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium561.31.0690
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High503.91.1907
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low931.40.6442
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium683.70.8776
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High595.41.0077
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1549.41032.6781.5652.0580.1543.1514.0466.1449.8
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance613.90.9773
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low724.10.8286
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium561.31.0690
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High503.91.1907
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low931.40.6442
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium683.70.8776
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High595.41.0077
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1549.41032.6781.5652.0580.1543.1514.0466.1449.8
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance613.9
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1549.41032.6781.5652.0580.1543.1514.0466.1449.8
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low724.10.8286
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium561.31.0690
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High503.91.1907
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low931.40.6442
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium683.70.8776
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High595.41.0077
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating (Coastal/Long Distance)613.90.9773
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low724.10.8286
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium561.31.0690
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High503.91.1907
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low931.40.6442
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium683.70.8776
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High595.41.0077
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1549.41032.6781.5652.0580.1543.1514.0466.1449.8
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low724.10.8286
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium561.31.0690
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High503.91.1907
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low931.40.6442
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium683.70.8776
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High595.41.0077
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance0.9773
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.8286
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0690
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1907
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6442
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8776
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.0077
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1549.41032.6781.5652.0580.1543.1514.0466.1449.8
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)633.7
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance613.90.9773
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low724.10.8286
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium561.31.0690
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High503.91.1907
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low931.40.6442
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium683.70.8776
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High595.41.0077
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1549.41032.6781.5652.0580.1543.1514.0466.1449.8
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low724.10.8286
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium561.31.0690
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High503.91.1907
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low931.40.6442
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium683.70.8776
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High595.41.0077
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance613.90.9773
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low724.10.8286
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium561.31.0690
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High503.91.1907
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low931.40.6442
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium683.70.8776
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High595.41.0077
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1549.41032.6781.5652.0580.1543.1514.0466.1449.8
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance613.90.9773
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low724.10.8286
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium561.31.0690
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High503.91.1907
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low931.40.6442
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium683.70.8776
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High595.41.0077
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1549.41032.6781.5652.0580.1543.1514.0466.1449.8
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low724.1
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium561.3
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High503.9
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low931.4
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium683.7
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High595.4
Predominantly Upwind608.8
Predominantly Downwind575.6
Predominantly Reaching552.4
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance613.90.9773
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low724.10.8286
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium561.31.0690
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High503.91.1907
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low931.40.6442
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium683.70.8776
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High595.41.0077
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1549.41032.6781.5652.0580.1543.1514.0466.1449.8
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.8286
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0690
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1907
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6442
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8776
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.0077
Coastal/Long Distance0.9773
Predominantly Upwind0.9855
Predominantly Downwind1.0423
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)633.7
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)1.0619
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.8286
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind1.0690
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind1.1907
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.6442
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind0.8776
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind1.0077
Motvind Singeltall0.9855
Medvind Singeltall1.0423
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low724.10.8286
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium561.31.0690
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High503.91.1907
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low931.40.6442
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium683.70.8776
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High595.41.0077
Coastal/Long Distance613.90.9773
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind608.80.9855
Predominantly Downwind575.61.0423
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore562.11.0674
Cape Doctor Coastal474.61.2643
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low724.10.8286
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium561.31.0690
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High503.91.1907
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low931.40.6442
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium683.70.8776
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High595.41.0077
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.8286
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0690
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1907
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6442
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8776
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.0077
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.8286
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0690
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.1907
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6442
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8776
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.0077
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance613.90.9773
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low724.10.8286
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium561.31.0690
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High503.91.1907
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low931.40.6442
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium683.70.8776
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High595.41.0077
Predominantly Upwind608.80.9855
Predominantly Downwind575.61.0423
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1549.41032.6781.5652.0580.1543.1514.0466.1449.8
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance613.90.9773
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low724.10.8286
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium561.31.0690
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High503.91.1907
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low931.40.6442
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium683.70.8776
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High595.41.0077
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1549.41032.6781.5652.0580.1543.1514.0466.1449.8
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low724.10.8286
Triple Number AP Medium561.31.0689
Triple Number AP High503.91.1907
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low973.00.6167
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium683.70.8776
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High595.41.0077
Single Number Predominant Upwind632.80.9482
Single Number Predominant Reaching564.21.0635
Single Number Predominant Downwind601.00.9983
Predominant Upwind - Low867.40.6918
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med665.20.9020
Predominant Upwind - Medium589.51.0179
Predominant Upwind - Med/High553.01.0849
Predominant Upwind - High536.21.1190
Predominant Downwind Low881.90.6803
Predominant Downwind Low/Med651.80.9206
Predominant Downwind Medium555.21.0807
Predominant Downwind Med/High496.21.2092
Predominant Downwind High459.91.3047
Predominant Reaching Low778.30.7709
Predominant Reaching Low/Med597.01.0050
Predominant Reaching Medium527.91.1365
Predominant Reaching Med/High488.01.2296
Predominant Reaching High461.81.2991
SA/DSPL Upwind22.53SA/DSPL Downwind40.19
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1088.40.5513
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med795.30.7545
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium671.50.8935
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High604.10.9933
5-Band Windward/Leeward High574.81.0438
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1088.90.5510
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med802.20.7479
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium684.10.8771
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High622.70.9636
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High597.51.0041
5-Band AP Low801.00.7490
5-Band AP Low/Med633.30.9474
5-Band AP Medium553.71.0836
5-Band AP Med/High510.31.1757
5-Band AP High487.11.2317
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low936.40.6408
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med760.60.7888
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium650.00.9231
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High591.51.0143
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High564.11.0637
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.9206
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.9446
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.9622
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6920
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6975
Harvest Moon Regatta494.71.2129
Club Certificate2025
KirstenNED 5418
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassDehler 37 DBMeasurement31/07/1996HINPlan reviewHull constructionCoredCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA11.010Max. Beam3.500Draft2.046Displacement5,306Wetted area25.07IMS L9.322LSM08.903Acc. length11.010Sink (kg/mm) 18.83
VCGD-0.110VCGM0.086RM Rated (kg·m) 134.1Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight583Declared crew weight550
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeFeathering 3 blades
InstallationShaft exposedTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.392PBW0.100PIPA0.0050
PSD0.030PHD0.064PHL0.120
PSA18.6°ESL0.990
ST10.028ST20.101ST30.100
ST40.051ST50.255
RIG
Forestay tensionAftInner stayNone FittedMast materialAluminumSingle headsail furlerNoMainsail furlerNoArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays2CheckstaysSpreaders2Rotating mastNo
P14.500IG13.460ISP13.510MDT10.120MDL10.165MDT2MDL2TLTaperMWGO
E5.150J3.920BAS1.610FSDFoilSFJ0.000SPL3.990WPLTPSBD0.162MWTMCG
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodRM estimatedFlotation Date31/07/1996
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
Club Certificate2025
KirstenNED 5418
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateComment20240.161.031.893.294.3244.07
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateComment20240.080.520.981.922.873.9012.80NoNo 24.83
SYMMETRIC SPINNAKER
IdSLUSLESLSHWSFLAreaMeas.DateCommentORC13.3613.3613.367.060.0078.87* Copied from legacy *
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length11.0 mTable area0.55 m²Headroom1.76 mMinimum number of berths5Personal gear stowage0.20 m³Fresh water capacity125 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit5Food stowage0.30 m³Fuel capacity70 lCabin soleStovesSinksGalley gear stowageToiletWash basinNavigation areaHanging locker
*This list is a summary of the requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for details.