Club Certificate2025
BAIJINED 6531
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles42.3°42.3°40.2°38.9°37.9°37.2°37.1°36.7°37.1°
Beat VMG2.793.804.555.025.265.395.475.575.57
52°4.305.726.647.137.377.497.567.657.69
60°4.555.986.857.307.537.667.747.857.90
75°4.726.156.997.427.687.867.998.168.27
90°4.596.036.947.427.727.958.148.438.64
110°4.255.806.927.517.868.148.398.728.98
120°4.085.606.737.407.818.138.439.029.42
135°3.564.986.157.037.567.938.268.959.79
150°2.894.175.336.327.097.577.938.589.33
Run VMG2.513.614.615.486.256.887.368.058.66
Gybe Angles144.0°144.0°149.6°152.5°158.5°166.2°174.5°178.6°178.3°
APH ToD:539.7CDL: 9.985APH ToT: 1.1118CertNo:16309
BOAT
ClassSigma 400DesignerHumphreysBuilderMarine ProjectsAge date01/1991Series date01/1991Offset filek16867.offData fileNED6531
HULL
Length Overall12.267 mMaximum Beam3.892 mDraft2.304 mDisplacement8,767 kgDLR8.3808IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.140%Age Allowance0.487%
PROPELLER
InstallationShaft exposedTypeFolding 2 bladesDiameter0.430m
CREW
Maximum weight580 kg(declared)Minimum weight450 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerNoCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail53.7354.88Headsail Luffed44.1844.18Headsail FlyingSymmetric101.94101.94Asymmetric
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail15.88Storm Jib11.32Heavy Weather Jib30.56
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails6Spinnakers5
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
Club Certificate2025
BAIJINED 6531
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG1288.9946.7791.4717.1684.3667.7658.0646.8646.6
52°837.0629.7541.8504.9488.6481.0476.2470.6468.4
60°790.8602.2525.2493.4478.3469.9465.1458.8455.6
75°762.9585.6515.2485.2469.0458.3450.6441.2435.1
90°784.8596.6518.9484.9466.1452.9442.5426.9416.6
110°846.5620.8520.6479.5457.9442.0428.9413.0400.8
120°882.3643.3534.8486.2461.0442.7426.9399.0382.1
135°1011.3723.4585.7512.2476.3454.1435.8402.2367.8
150°1244.1863.1675.9569.8507.7475.3454.1419.4385.7
Run VMG1437.0996.6780.5656.6575.7523.4488.9447.2415.5
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward1361.1971.7785.9686.9630.0595.5573.5547.0531.0
All purpose1025.9747.8619.7556.1521.9501.6487.7468.4454.6
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward657.40.9127
All purpose539.71.1118
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low683.80.8775
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium536.41.1186
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High483.91.2398
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low878.90.6827
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium653.30.9184
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High569.01.0544
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance586.41.0232
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low683.80.8775
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium536.41.1186
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High483.91.2398
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low878.90.6827
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium653.30.9184
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High569.01.0544
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1454.5974.2741.5622.9555.3519.9493.4451.2437.5
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.8216
Downwind "popa"0.9398
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.8538
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.9009
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low683.80.8775
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium536.41.1186
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High483.91.2398
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low878.90.6827
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium653.30.9184
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High569.01.0544
Predominantly Upwind577.31.0393
Predominantly Downwind553.01.0849
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low683.70.8775
Triple Number AP Medium536.41.1185
Triple Number AP High483.91.2398
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low917.30.6541
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium653.30.9184
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High569.01.0544
Single Number Predominant Upwind598.21.0030
Single Number Predominant Reaching538.71.1138
Single Number Predominant Downwind577.51.0390
Predominant Upwind - Low803.70.7466
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med626.30.9580
Predominant Upwind - Medium560.61.0702
Predominant Upwind - Med/High527.61.1373
Predominant Upwind - High512.11.1716
Predominant Downwind Low841.20.7132
Predominant Downwind Low/Med625.10.9598
Predominant Downwind Medium533.71.1242
Predominant Downwind Med/High478.71.2535
Predominant Downwind High448.31.3385
Predominant Reaching Low732.70.8189
Predominant Reaching Low/Med568.91.0548
Predominant Reaching Medium505.51.1870
Predominant Reaching Med/High469.11.2791
Predominant Reaching High447.81.3400
SA/DSPL Upwind22.86SA/DSPL Downwind36.35
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1023.10.5865
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med755.40.7943
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium642.00.9346
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High577.51.0390
5-Band Windward/Leeward High548.81.0933
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1017.10.5899
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med758.70.7908
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium652.30.9198
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High594.01.0101
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High568.81.0549
5-Band AP Low757.30.7923
5-Band AP Low/Med601.70.9972
5-Band AP Medium529.51.1332
5-Band AP Med/High489.71.2254
5-Band AP High469.41.2784
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low879.90.6819
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med721.00.8322
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium620.50.9670
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High565.61.0609
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High539.91.1112
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.9750
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.9921
Chicago-Mac Downwind1.0020
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.7342
Bayview-Mac Shore0.7409
Harvest Moon Regatta476.01.2606
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance586.41.0232
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low683.80.8775
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium536.41.1186
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High483.91.2398
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low878.90.6827
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium653.30.9184
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High569.01.0544
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1454.5974.2741.5622.9555.3519.9493.4451.2437.5
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance586.41.0232
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low683.80.8775
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium536.41.1186
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High483.91.2398
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low878.90.6827
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium653.30.9184
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High569.01.0544
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1454.5974.2741.5622.9555.3519.9493.4451.2437.5
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance586.4
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1454.5974.2741.5622.9555.3519.9493.4451.2437.5
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low683.80.8775
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium536.41.1186
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High483.91.2398
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low878.90.6827
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium653.30.9184
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High569.01.0544
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating (Coastal/Long Distance)586.41.0232
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low683.80.8775
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium536.41.1186
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High483.91.2398
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low878.90.6827
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium653.30.9184
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High569.01.0544
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1454.5974.2741.5622.9555.3519.9493.4451.2437.5
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low683.80.8775
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium536.41.1186
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High483.91.2398
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low878.90.6827
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium653.30.9184
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High569.01.0544
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance1.0232
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.8775
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.1186
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.2398
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6827
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.9184
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.0544
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1454.5974.2741.5622.9555.3519.9493.4451.2437.5
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)603.5
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance586.41.0232
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low683.80.8775
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium536.41.1186
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High483.91.2398
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low878.90.6827
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium653.30.9184
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High569.01.0544
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1454.5974.2741.5622.9555.3519.9493.4451.2437.5
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low683.80.8775
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium536.41.1186
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High483.91.2398
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low878.90.6827
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium653.30.9184
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High569.01.0544
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance586.41.0232
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low683.80.8775
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium536.41.1186
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High483.91.2398
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low878.90.6827
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium653.30.9184
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High569.01.0544
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1454.5974.2741.5622.9555.3519.9493.4451.2437.5
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance586.41.0232
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low683.80.8775
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium536.41.1186
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High483.91.2398
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low878.90.6827
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium653.30.9184
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High569.01.0544
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1454.5974.2741.5622.9555.3519.9493.4451.2437.5
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low683.8
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium536.4
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High483.9
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low878.9
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium653.3
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High569.0
Predominantly Upwind577.3
Predominantly Downwind553.0
Predominantly Reaching529.5
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance586.41.0232
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low683.80.8775
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium536.41.1186
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High483.91.2398
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low878.90.6827
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium653.30.9184
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High569.01.0544
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1454.5974.2741.5622.9555.3519.9493.4451.2437.5
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.8775
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.1186
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.2398
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6827
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.9184
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.0544
Coastal/Long Distance1.0232
Predominantly Upwind1.0393
Predominantly Downwind1.0849
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)603.5
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)1.1118
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.8775
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind1.1186
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind1.2398
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.6827
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind0.9184
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind1.0544
Motvind Singeltall1.0393
Medvind Singeltall1.0849
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low683.80.8775
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium536.41.1186
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High483.91.2398
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low878.90.6827
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium653.30.9184
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High569.01.0544
Coastal/Long Distance586.41.0232
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind577.31.0393
Predominantly Downwind553.01.0849
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore535.81.1198
Cape Doctor Coastal458.71.3080
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low683.80.8775
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium536.41.1186
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High483.91.2398
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low878.90.6827
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium653.30.9184
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High569.01.0544
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.8775
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.1186
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.2398
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6827
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.9184
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.0544
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.8775
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.1186
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.2398
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6827
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.9184
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.0544
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance586.41.0232
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low683.80.8775
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium536.41.1186
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High483.91.2398
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low878.90.6827
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium653.30.9184
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High569.01.0544
Predominantly Upwind577.31.0393
Predominantly Downwind553.01.0849
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1454.5974.2741.5622.9555.3519.9493.4451.2437.5
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance586.41.0232
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low683.80.8775
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium536.41.1186
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High483.91.2398
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low878.90.6827
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium653.30.9184
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High569.01.0544
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1454.5974.2741.5622.9555.3519.9493.4451.2437.5
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low683.70.8775
Triple Number AP Medium536.41.1185
Triple Number AP High483.91.2398
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low917.30.6541
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium653.30.9184
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High569.01.0544
Single Number Predominant Upwind598.21.0030
Single Number Predominant Reaching538.71.1138
Single Number Predominant Downwind577.51.0390
Predominant Upwind - Low803.70.7466
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med626.30.9580
Predominant Upwind - Medium560.61.0702
Predominant Upwind - Med/High527.61.1373
Predominant Upwind - High512.11.1716
Predominant Downwind Low841.20.7132
Predominant Downwind Low/Med625.10.9598
Predominant Downwind Medium533.71.1242
Predominant Downwind Med/High478.71.2535
Predominant Downwind High448.31.3385
Predominant Reaching Low732.70.8189
Predominant Reaching Low/Med568.91.0548
Predominant Reaching Medium505.51.1870
Predominant Reaching Med/High469.11.2791
Predominant Reaching High447.81.3400
SA/DSPL Upwind22.86SA/DSPL Downwind36.35
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1023.10.5865
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med755.40.7943
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium642.00.9346
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High577.51.0390
5-Band Windward/Leeward High548.81.0933
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1017.10.5899
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med758.70.7908
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium652.30.9198
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High594.01.0101
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High568.81.0549
5-Band AP Low757.30.7923
5-Band AP Low/Med601.70.9972
5-Band AP Medium529.51.1332
5-Band AP Med/High489.71.2254
5-Band AP High469.41.2784
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low879.90.6819
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med721.00.8322
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium620.50.9670
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High565.61.0609
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High539.91.1112
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.9750
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.9921
Chicago-Mac Downwind1.0020
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.7342
Bayview-Mac Shore0.7409
Harvest Moon Regatta476.01.2606
Club Certificate2025
BAIJINED 6531
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassSigma 400Measurement04/05/1992HINPlan reviewHull constructionSolidCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA12.267Max. Beam3.892Draft2.304Displacement8,767Wetted area31.51IMS L10.447LSM010.150Acc. length12.267Sink (kg/mm) 23.02
VCGD0.115VCGM-0.041RM Rated (kg·m) 203.7Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight703Declared crew weight580
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeFolding 2 blades
InstallationShaft exposedTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.430PBW0.119PIPA0.0045
PSD0.025PHD0.062PHL0.103
PSA18.0°ESL1.080
ST10.023ST20.095ST30.095
ST40.060ST50.200
RIG
Forestay tensionAftInner stayNone FittedMast materialAluminumSingle headsail furlerNoMainsail furlerNoArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays1CheckstaysSpreaders2Rotating mastNo
P15.800IG15.045ISP15.050MDT10.132MDL10.190MDT20.100MDL20.135TL2.450MW0.190GO0.190
E5.740J4.320BAS1.880FSD0.036SFJSPL4.386WPLTPSBD0.198MWTMCG
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodRM entered directlyRM entered205.7Flotation Date04/05/1992
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
Club Certificate2025
BAIJINED 6531
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateComment010.171.192.143.674.8253.73
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateComment20240.070.741.452.904.415.9615.00NoNo 44.18
SYMMETRIC SPINNAKER
IdSLUSLESLSHWSFLAreaMeas.DateCommentORC14.7414.7414.748.400.00101.94* Copied from legacy *
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length12.3 mTable area0.55 m²Headroom1.82 mMinimum number of berths5Personal gear stowage0.20 m³Fresh water capacity158 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit5Food stowage0.30 m³Fuel capacity96 lCabin soleStovesSinksGalley gear stowageToiletWash basinNavigation areaHanging locker
*This list is a summary of the requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for details.