Double HandedClub Certificate2025
Time LessNED 9145
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles44.3°44.3°42.3°40.0°39.3°39.0°38.9°39.3°40.8°
Beat VMG2.743.724.424.805.045.155.215.245.10
52°4.315.756.677.057.287.417.487.547.50
60°4.686.136.997.357.517.647.727.807.77
75°4.996.457.277.667.857.978.068.228.28
90°4.976.457.297.758.068.298.448.668.82
110°4.505.986.977.638.038.398.739.289.66
120°4.135.666.827.548.008.428.799.5810.46
135°3.635.096.297.177.748.188.639.6010.82
150°2.974.285.456.477.257.768.199.0810.20
Run VMG2.573.704.725.616.387.007.508.309.13
Gybe Angles144.7°144.7°149.2°152.1°157.9°164.6°170.5°174.5°169.1°
APH ToD:538.0CDL: 9.635APH ToT: 1.1152CertNo:
BOAT
ClassDehler 38DesignerJudel & VrolijkBuilderHanseAge date11/2017Series date06/2012Offset fileDEHLER38-DKDR.offData fileNED9145
HULL
Length Overall11.293 mMaximum Beam3.758 mDraft2.211 mDisplacement7,418 kgDLR6.3587IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.210%Age Allowance0.422%
PROPELLER
InstallationStrutTypeFolding 2 bladesDiameter0.430m
CREW
Maximum weight170 kg(default)Minimum weight120 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail46.6447.32Headsail Luffed35.6635.66Headsail Flying71.1271.12Symmetric111.50111.50Asymmetric
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail14.38Storm Jib12.17Heavy Weather Jib32.86
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails6Spinnakers5
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
Double HandedClub Certificate2025
Time LessNED 9145
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG1316.3968.6815.0750.5714.8698.6690.3686.8705.9
52°834.7626.3539.9510.7494.5486.2481.3477.2479.8
60°770.0587.4514.7489.6479.3471.1466.4461.7463.6
75°721.2557.9495.4470.2458.6451.8446.7438.0434.9
90°724.3558.5493.5464.5446.7434.3426.3415.6408.2
110°800.1602.4516.3472.1448.5429.3412.2387.8372.6
120°872.1635.6527.7477.5449.8427.6409.5375.9344.0
135°990.6707.6572.6501.8465.4439.8416.9375.1332.8
150°1210.5841.6660.2556.8496.7463.9439.6396.6353.0
Run VMG1398.2971.8762.3641.8564.3514.1480.2433.6394.5
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward1355.9970.2788.7696.2639.5606.3585.3560.2550.2
All purpose1007.1737.2614.6555.4521.4501.0486.6466.4454.5
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward666.30.9005
All purpose538.01.1152
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low675.90.8877
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium535.41.1207
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High482.61.2432
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low879.50.6822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium662.50.9056
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High581.21.0324
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance586.81.0225
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low675.90.8877
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium535.41.1207
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High482.61.2432
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low879.50.6822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium662.50.9056
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High581.21.0324
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1447.6970.4740.7626.4557.6520.1491.2444.2428.9
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.7888
Downwind "popa"0.9615
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.8337
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.9022
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low675.90.8877
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium535.41.1207
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High482.61.2432
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low879.50.6822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium662.50.9056
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High581.21.0324
Predominantly Upwind582.01.0309
Predominantly Downwind543.71.1035
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low675.90.8877
Triple Number AP Medium535.41.1206
Triple Number AP High482.61.2432
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low918.00.6536
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium662.50.9056
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High581.21.0324
Single Number Predominant Upwind603.30.9944
Single Number Predominant Reaching528.01.1364
Single Number Predominant Downwind567.11.0580
Predominant Upwind - Low800.30.7497
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med629.40.9532
Predominant Upwind - Medium567.01.0583
Predominant Upwind - Med/High534.81.1219
Predominant Upwind - High522.11.1491
Predominant Downwind Low822.70.7293
Predominant Downwind Low/Med614.30.9768
Predominant Downwind Medium525.81.1411
Predominant Downwind Med/High470.01.2767
Predominant Downwind High437.01.3730
Predominant Reaching Low712.00.8427
Predominant Reaching Low/Med557.31.0766
Predominant Reaching Medium497.01.2072
Predominant Reaching Med/High460.61.3027
Predominant Reaching High439.31.3658
SA/DSPL Upwind21.49SA/DSPL Downwind41.30
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1021.60.5873
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med760.80.7887
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium651.30.9212
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High589.21.0184
5-Band Windward/Leeward High562.81.0661
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1020.70.5878
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med768.60.7806
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium666.00.9010
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High610.00.9837
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High588.41.0197
5-Band AP Low741.30.8094
5-Band AP Low/Med598.01.0033
5-Band AP Medium528.51.1353
5-Band AP Med/High488.51.2281
5-Band AP High467.81.2825
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low880.90.6811
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med727.30.8250
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium629.90.9526
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High575.81.0420
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High551.71.0876
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.9666
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.9977
Chicago-Mac Downwind1.0199
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.7388
Bayview-Mac Shore0.7460
Harvest Moon Regatta463.51.2944
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance586.81.0225
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low675.90.8877
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium535.41.1207
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High482.61.2432
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low879.50.6822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium662.50.9056
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High581.21.0324
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1447.6970.4740.7626.4557.6520.1491.2444.2428.9
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance586.81.0225
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low675.90.8877
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium535.41.1207
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High482.61.2432
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low879.50.6822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium662.50.9056
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High581.21.0324
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1447.6970.4740.7626.4557.6520.1491.2444.2428.9
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance586.8
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1447.6970.4740.7626.4557.6520.1491.2444.2428.9
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low675.90.8877
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium535.41.1207
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High482.61.2432
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low879.50.6822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium662.50.9056
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High581.21.0324
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating (Coastal/Long Distance)586.81.0225
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low675.90.8877
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium535.41.1207
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High482.61.2432
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low879.50.6822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium662.50.9056
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High581.21.0324
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1447.6970.4740.7626.4557.6520.1491.2444.2428.9
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low675.90.8877
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium535.41.1207
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High482.61.2432
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low879.50.6822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium662.50.9056
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High581.21.0324
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance1.0225
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.8877
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.1207
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.2432
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.9056
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.0324
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1447.6970.4740.7626.4557.6520.1491.2444.2428.9
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)600.5
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance586.81.0225
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low675.90.8877
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium535.41.1207
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High482.61.2432
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low879.50.6822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium662.50.9056
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High581.21.0324
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1447.6970.4740.7626.4557.6520.1491.2444.2428.9
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low675.90.8877
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium535.41.1207
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High482.61.2432
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low879.50.6822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium662.50.9056
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High581.21.0324
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance586.81.0225
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low675.90.8877
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium535.41.1207
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High482.61.2432
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low879.50.6822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium662.50.9056
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High581.21.0324
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1447.6970.4740.7626.4557.6520.1491.2444.2428.9
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance586.81.0225
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low675.90.8877
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium535.41.1207
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High482.61.2432
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low879.50.6822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium662.50.9056
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High581.21.0324
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1447.6970.4740.7626.4557.6520.1491.2444.2428.9
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low675.9
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium535.4
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High482.6
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low879.5
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium662.5
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High581.2
Predominantly Upwind582.0
Predominantly Downwind543.7
Predominantly Reaching518.9
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance586.81.0225
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low675.90.8877
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium535.41.1207
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High482.61.2432
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low879.50.6822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium662.50.9056
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High581.21.0324
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1447.6970.4740.7626.4557.6520.1491.2444.2428.9
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.8877
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.1207
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.2432
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.9056
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.0324
Coastal/Long Distance1.0225
Predominantly Upwind1.0309
Predominantly Downwind1.1035
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)600.5
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)1.1152
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.8877
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind1.1207
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind1.2432
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.6822
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind0.9056
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind1.0324
Motvind Singeltall1.0309
Medvind Singeltall1.1035
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low675.90.8877
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium535.41.1207
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High482.61.2432
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low879.50.6822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium662.50.9056
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High581.21.0324
Coastal/Long Distance586.81.0225
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind582.01.0309
Predominantly Downwind543.71.1035
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore553.21.0846
Cape Doctor Coastal458.11.3099
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low675.90.8877
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium535.41.1207
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High482.61.2432
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low879.50.6822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium662.50.9056
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High581.21.0324
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.8877
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.1207
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.2432
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.9056
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.0324
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.8877
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.1207
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.2432
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.6822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.9056
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.0324
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance586.81.0225
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low675.90.8877
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium535.41.1207
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High482.61.2432
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low879.50.6822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium662.50.9056
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High581.21.0324
Predominantly Upwind582.01.0309
Predominantly Downwind543.71.1035
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1447.6970.4740.7626.4557.6520.1491.2444.2428.9
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance586.81.0225
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low675.90.8877
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium535.41.1207
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High482.61.2432
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low879.50.6822
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium662.50.9056
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High581.21.0324
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1447.6970.4740.7626.4557.6520.1491.2444.2428.9
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low675.90.8877
Triple Number AP Medium535.41.1206
Triple Number AP High482.61.2432
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low918.00.6536
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium662.50.9056
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High581.21.0324
Single Number Predominant Upwind603.30.9944
Single Number Predominant Reaching528.01.1364
Single Number Predominant Downwind567.11.0580
Predominant Upwind - Low800.30.7497
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med629.40.9532
Predominant Upwind - Medium567.01.0583
Predominant Upwind - Med/High534.81.1219
Predominant Upwind - High522.11.1491
Predominant Downwind Low822.70.7293
Predominant Downwind Low/Med614.30.9768
Predominant Downwind Medium525.81.1411
Predominant Downwind Med/High470.01.2767
Predominant Downwind High437.01.3730
Predominant Reaching Low712.00.8427
Predominant Reaching Low/Med557.31.0766
Predominant Reaching Medium497.01.2072
Predominant Reaching Med/High460.61.3027
Predominant Reaching High439.31.3658
SA/DSPL Upwind21.49SA/DSPL Downwind41.30
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1021.60.5873
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med760.80.7887
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium651.30.9212
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High589.21.0184
5-Band Windward/Leeward High562.81.0661
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1020.70.5878
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med768.60.7806
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium666.00.9010
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High610.00.9837
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High588.41.0197
5-Band AP Low741.30.8094
5-Band AP Low/Med598.01.0033
5-Band AP Medium528.51.1353
5-Band AP Med/High488.51.2281
5-Band AP High467.81.2825
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low880.90.6811
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med727.30.8250
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium629.90.9526
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High575.81.0420
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High551.71.0876
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.9666
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.9977
Chicago-Mac Downwind1.0199
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.7388
Bayview-Mac Shore0.7460
Harvest Moon Regatta463.51.2944
Double HandedClub Certificate2025
Time LessNED 9145
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassDehler 38Measurement23/03/2021HINPlan reviewHull constructionCoredCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA11.293Max. Beam3.758Draft2.211Displacement7,418Wetted area30.23IMS L10.541LSM010.526Acc. length11.293Sink (kg/mm) 23.24
VCGD0.113VCGM0.019RM Rated (kg·m) 193.4Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight170Declared crew weightN/A
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeFolding 2 blades
InstallationStrutTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.430PBWPIPA0.0039
EDL1.780ST10.065ST20.180
ST30.180ST40.110ST50.315
RIG
Forestay tensionAftInner stayNone FittedMast materialCarbonSingle headsail furlerNoMainsail furlerArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays0CheckstaysSpreaders2Rotating mastNo
P15.350IG15.600ISP15.600MDT10.112MDL10.200MDT2MDL2TLTaperMWGO
E5.350J4.350BAS1.700FSDFoilSFJ0.000SPL4.743WPLTPS5.070BDMWTMCG
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodRM estimatedFlotation Date07/09/2021
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
Double HandedClub Certificate2025
Time LessNED 9145
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateComment10.160.981.813.264.3346.6418/02/2021
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateComment20230.111.202.294.386.297.9716.84NoYes071.1210.080.641.232.373.504.5615.20YesNo 35.66
SYMMETRIC SPINNAKER
IdSLUSLESLSHWSFLAreaMeas.DateComment116.6516.6516.658.127.70111.5018/02/2021
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length11.3 mTable area0.55 m²Headroom1.78 mMinimum number of berths5Personal gear stowage0.20 m³Fresh water capacity133 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit5Food stowage0.30 m³Fuel capacity76 lCabin soleStovesSinksGalley gear stowageToiletWash basinNavigation areaHanging locker
*This list is a summary of the requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for details.