Club Certificate2025
DreamEST 811
Estonian Yachting Union
Purje 8, maja 3
11911 Tallinn
Estonia
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles44.7°44.7°43.2°42.0°41.2°40.4°40.0°40.4°42.2°
Beat VMG1.702.402.973.393.703.934.044.023.88
52°2.683.704.515.085.455.675.805.845.77
60°2.873.924.735.305.635.845.976.046.02
75°2.984.064.885.485.806.016.166.366.42
90°3.074.275.215.766.016.146.246.546.74
110°3.174.415.385.926.236.486.696.937.11
120°2.944.215.265.876.226.526.797.247.50
135°2.673.814.815.646.066.386.697.297.96
150°2.303.324.265.115.756.106.406.977.59
Run VMG1.982.873.704.445.125.595.946.487.00
Gybe Angles148.5°148.5°152.1°152.5°160.8°167.3°175.4°177.2°177.2°
APH ToD:717.6CDL: 5.711APH ToT: 0.8362CertNo:101/21
BOAT
ClassMAXI77DesignerPelle PettersonBuilderBörjesson BrothersAge date01/1981Series date01/1971Offset fileMAXI77.OFFData fileEST818
HULL
Length Overall7.800 mMaximum Beam2.480 mDraft1.444 mDisplacement2,387 kgDLR8.1002IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.490%Age Allowance0.487%
PROPELLER
InstallationStrutTypeFolding 2 bladesDiameter0.360m
CREW
Maximum weight340 kg(declared)Minimum weight210 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerNoCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail11.3011.52Headsail Luffed15.9515.95Headsail FlyingSymmetric45.7945.79Asymmetric
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail3.29Storm Jib3.85Heavy Weather Jib10.39
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails5
✱ One set on the forestay
✱ Woven polyester sails
Spinnakers4
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
COMMENTS
DSPL according to owner declaration
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
Club Certificate2025
DreamEST 811
Estonian Yachting Union
Purje 8, maja 3
11911 Tallinn
Estonia
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG2115.91501.91210.51062.1972.6916.3891.6895.3928.3
52°1342.7972.1798.7708.8660.9634.4620.7616.9623.6
60°1254.6918.1761.8679.1639.0616.6603.4596.1597.6
75°1209.3887.8738.2657.0620.3599.2584.1566.0561.1
90°1171.5842.5691.0625.5598.5586.7576.9550.1533.8
110°1136.0815.6669.1608.4577.9555.4538.2519.3506.0
120°1223.4855.3683.9613.4578.7552.3530.3497.5480.3
135°1346.2945.4747.9638.5594.4564.5538.3493.7452.1
150°1568.21085.2845.1704.0626.0589.7562.5516.2474.1
Run VMG1819.61253.1973.9811.3703.4644.4606.3555.3514.3
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward1967.11377.51092.2936.7838.0780.3749.0725.3721.3
All purpose1498.41062.6854.4746.4686.5651.6630.3608.8600.2
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward884.10.6787
All purpose717.60.8362
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low958.50.6260
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium711.70.8430
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High627.50.9561
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1234.80.4859
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium877.70.6836
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High747.90.8022
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance781.70.7675
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low958.50.6260
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium711.70.8430
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High627.50.9561
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1234.80.4859
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium877.70.6836
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High747.90.8022
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2067.41365.01022.9841.4733.7676.0636.6580.1567.9
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.5637
Downwind "popa"0.7571
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.6105
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.6864
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low958.50.6260
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium711.70.8430
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High627.50.9561
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1234.80.4859
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium877.70.6836
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High747.90.8022
Predominantly Upwind791.80.7578
Predominantly Downwind713.00.8415
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low958.50.6260
Triple Number AP Medium711.80.8429
Triple Number AP High627.60.9561
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1292.60.4642
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium877.70.6836
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High747.90.8022
Single Number Predominant Upwind830.30.7226
Single Number Predominant Reaching714.90.8393
Single Number Predominant Downwind748.60.8015
Predominant Upwind - Low1202.30.4990
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med889.30.6747
Predominant Upwind - Medium761.40.7880
Predominant Upwind - Med/High696.50.8614
Predominant Upwind - High680.20.8821
Predominant Downwind Low1134.70.5288
Predominant Downwind Low/Med816.80.7346
Predominant Downwind Medium682.20.8795
Predominant Downwind Med/High607.00.9885
Predominant Downwind High569.21.0542
Predominant Reaching Low1032.40.5812
Predominant Reaching Low/Med763.20.7862
Predominant Reaching Medium658.30.9114
Predominant Reaching Med/High603.90.9936
Predominant Reaching High576.11.0415
SA/DSPL Upwind15.22SA/DSPL Downwind31.87
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1453.70.4127
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med1041.90.5759
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium858.60.6988
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High757.80.7918
5-Band Windward/Leeward High728.70.8234
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1479.50.4055
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med1066.70.5625
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium885.10.6779
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High786.80.7625
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High763.00.7863
5-Band AP Low1061.70.5651
5-Band AP Low/Med822.20.7298
5-Band AP Medium699.90.8573
5-Band AP Med/High635.00.9449
5-Band AP High611.00.9819
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1255.40.4780
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med1001.70.5990
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium833.90.7195
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High743.30.8072
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High717.10.8367
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.6960
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.7348
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.7712
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.5219
Bayview-Mac Shore0.5248
Harvest Moon Regatta613.70.9776
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance781.70.7675
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low958.50.6260
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium711.70.8430
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High627.50.9561
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1234.80.4859
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium877.70.6836
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High747.90.8022
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2067.41365.01022.9841.4733.7676.0636.6580.1567.9
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance781.70.7675
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low958.50.6260
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium711.70.8430
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High627.50.9561
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1234.80.4859
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium877.70.6836
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High747.90.8022
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2067.41365.01022.9841.4733.7676.0636.6580.1567.9
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance781.7
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2067.41365.01022.9841.4733.7676.0636.6580.1567.9
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low958.50.6260
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium711.70.8430
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High627.50.9561
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1234.80.4859
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium877.70.6836
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High747.90.8022
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating781.70.7675
FinRating, kevyt tuuli1426.70.7009
FinRating, kova tuuli615.60.8122
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low958.50.6260
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium711.70.8430
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High627.50.9561
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1234.80.4859
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium877.70.6836
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High747.90.8022
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance0.7675
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.6260
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.8430
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High0.9561
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.4859
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.6836
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8022
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2067.41365.01022.9841.4733.7676.0636.6580.1567.9
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)812.9
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance781.70.7675
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low958.50.6260
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium711.70.8430
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High627.50.9561
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1234.80.4859
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium877.70.6836
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High747.90.8022
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2067.41365.01022.9841.4733.7676.0636.6580.1567.9
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low958.50.6260
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium711.70.8430
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High627.50.9561
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1234.80.4859
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium877.70.6836
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High747.90.8022
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance781.70.7675
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low958.50.6260
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium711.70.8430
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High627.50.9561
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1234.80.4859
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium877.70.6836
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High747.90.8022
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2067.41365.01022.9841.4733.7676.0636.6580.1567.9
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance781.70.7675
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low958.50.6260
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium711.70.8430
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High627.50.9561
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1234.80.4859
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium877.70.6836
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High747.90.8022
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2067.41365.01022.9841.4733.7676.0636.6580.1567.9
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low958.5
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium711.7
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High627.5
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1234.8
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium877.7
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High747.9
Predominantly Upwind791.8
Predominantly Downwind713.0
Predominantly Reaching690.1
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance781.70.7675
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low958.50.6260
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium711.70.8430
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High627.50.9561
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1234.80.4859
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium877.70.6836
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High747.90.8022
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2067.41365.01022.9841.4733.7676.0636.6580.1567.9
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.6260
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.8430
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High0.9561
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.4859
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.6836
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8022
Coastal/Long Distance0.7675
Predominantly Upwind0.7578
Predominantly Downwind0.8415
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)812.9
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)0.8362
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.6260
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind0.8430
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind0.9561
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.4859
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind0.6836
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind0.8022
Motvind Singeltall0.7578
Medvind Singeltall0.8415
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low958.50.6260
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium711.70.8430
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High627.50.9561
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1234.80.4859
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium877.70.6836
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High747.90.8022
Coastal/Long Distance781.70.7675
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind791.80.7578
Predominantly Downwind713.00.8415
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore722.50.8305
Cape Doctor Coastal602.80.9954
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low958.50.6260
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium711.70.8430
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High627.50.9561
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1234.80.4859
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium877.70.6836
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High747.90.8022
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.6260
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.8430
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High0.9561
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.4859
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.6836
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8022
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.6260
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.8430
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High0.9561
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.4859
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.6836
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8022
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance781.70.7675
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low958.50.6260
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium711.70.8430
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High627.50.9561
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1234.80.4859
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium877.70.6836
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High747.90.8022
Predominantly Upwind791.80.7578
Predominantly Downwind713.00.8415
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2067.41365.01022.9841.4733.7676.0636.6580.1567.9
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance781.70.7675
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low958.50.6260
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium711.70.8430
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High627.50.9561
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1234.80.4859
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium877.70.6836
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High747.90.8022
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2067.41365.01022.9841.4733.7676.0636.6580.1567.9
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low958.50.6260
Triple Number AP Medium711.80.8429
Triple Number AP High627.60.9561
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1292.60.4642
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium877.70.6836
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High747.90.8022
Single Number Predominant Upwind830.30.7226
Single Number Predominant Reaching714.90.8393
Single Number Predominant Downwind748.60.8015
Predominant Upwind - Low1202.30.4990
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med889.30.6747
Predominant Upwind - Medium761.40.7880
Predominant Upwind - Med/High696.50.8614
Predominant Upwind - High680.20.8821
Predominant Downwind Low1134.70.5288
Predominant Downwind Low/Med816.80.7346
Predominant Downwind Medium682.20.8795
Predominant Downwind Med/High607.00.9885
Predominant Downwind High569.21.0542
Predominant Reaching Low1032.40.5812
Predominant Reaching Low/Med763.20.7862
Predominant Reaching Medium658.30.9114
Predominant Reaching Med/High603.90.9936
Predominant Reaching High576.11.0415
SA/DSPL Upwind15.22SA/DSPL Downwind31.87
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1453.70.4127
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med1041.90.5759
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium858.60.6988
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High757.80.7918
5-Band Windward/Leeward High728.70.8234
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1479.50.4055
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med1066.70.5625
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium885.10.6779
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High786.80.7625
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High763.00.7863
5-Band AP Low1061.70.5651
5-Band AP Low/Med822.20.7298
5-Band AP Medium699.90.8573
5-Band AP Med/High635.00.9449
5-Band AP High611.00.9819
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1255.40.4780
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med1001.70.5990
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium833.90.7195
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High743.30.8072
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High717.10.8367
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.6960
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.7348
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.7712
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.5219
Bayview-Mac Shore0.5248
Harvest Moon Regatta613.70.9776
Club Certificate2025
DreamEST 811
Estonian Yachting Union
Purje 8, maja 3
11911 Tallinn
Estonia
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassMAXI77Measurement14/05/2022HINPlan reviewHull constructionSolidCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA7.800Max. Beam2.480Draft1.444Displacement2,387Wetted area13.74IMS L6.707LSM06.654Acc. length7.623Sink (kg/mm) 9.13
VCGD0.025VCGM-0.031RM Rated (kg·m) 27.7Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight385Declared crew weight340
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeFolding 2 blades
InstallationStrutTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.360PBW0.097PIPA0.0031
EDL1.350ST10.066ST20.190
ST30.197ST40.098ST50.210
RIG
Forestay tensionAftInner stayFixedMast materialAluminumSingle headsail furlerYesMainsail furlerNoArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays0CheckstaysSpreaders1Rotating mastNo
P7.500IG8.771ISP8.751MDT10.101MDL10.125MDT20.101MDL20.125TL0.000MWGO
E2.500J3.290BAS0.934FSDSFJ0.140SPL3.460WPLTPSBD0.092MWTMCG
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodRM estimatedFlotation Date23/10/2019
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
Club Certificate2025
DreamEST 811
Estonian Yachting Union
Purje 8, maja 3
11911 Tallinn
Estonia
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateComment10.090.540.981.632.1211.3014/05/2022
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateComment20.070.551.061.862.623.328.90NoNo 15.9524/05/2024
SYMMETRIC SPINNAKER
IdSLUSLESLSHWSFLAreaMeas.DateComment19.239.229.235.926.1045.7914/05/202229.429.479.455.575.5343.7814/05/2022
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length7.6 mTable area0.22 m²Headroom1.40 mMinimum number of berths2Personal gear stowage0.08 m³Fresh water capacity16 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit2Food stowage0.12 m³Fuel capacity20 lCabin soleStovesSinksGalley gear stowageToiletWash basinNavigation areaHanging locker
*This list is a summary of the requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for details.