Club
Certificate
2024

Boat

CODE-ZERO

TUR-28001

Turkiye
Sailing
Federation
www.tyf.org.tr/
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles42.8°40.1°38.2°37.4°36.9°36.5°36.3°37.2°
Beat VMG3.694.454.865.055.165.235.325.25
52°5.586.476.887.087.217.317.457.46
60°5.856.667.087.337.507.637.807.86
75°6.006.817.297.707.978.168.468.60
90°6.016.797.317.848.318.699.229.59
110°6.197.107.708.138.538.929.7710.84
120°6.057.087.838.488.999.4910.4811.44
135°5.386.657.508.349.2610.2511.9613.78
150°4.545.736.687.438.169.0511.4114.97
Run VMG3.934.965.786.447.077.849.8912.97
Gybe Angles143.3°146.5°149.4°148.9°146.9°144.8°145.1°148.3°
APH ToD:531.3CDL: 8.633APH ToT: 1.1293CertNo:
BOAT
ClassFARR 280 ODDesignerFARR YACHT DESIGNBuilderPREMIER COMPOSITEAge date01/2014Series date01/2014Offset fileFARR280.OFFData fileTUR28001
HULL
Length Overall8.690 mMaximum Beam2.864 mDraft2.109 mDisplacement1,675 kgDLR3.2916IMS DivisionSportboatDynamic Allowance0.000%Age Allowance0.325%
PROPELLER
InstallationStrutTypeFolding 2 bladesDiameter0.375m
CREW
Maximum weight580 kg(declared)Minimum weight450 kg * when appliedNon Manual PowerNoCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail29.7630.49Headsail Luffed18.5818.58Headsail FlyingSymmetricAsymmetric93.6793.67 (All asymmetric spinnakers with SHW/SFL > 85%)
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail8.09Storm Jib6.42Heavy Weather Jib17.31
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails5  Spinnakers4
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
ORC Ref  04590002WUBIssued on 15/02/2024Valid until 31/12/2024
VPP ver: 2024 1.00 | © ORC | www.orc.org

Club
Certificate
2024

Boat

CODE-ZERO

TUR-28001

Turkiye
Sailing
Federation
www.tyf.org.tr/
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG975.1809.5740.8713.5698.3688.2677.0686.1
52°644.8556.8523.5508.7499.4492.4483.0482.7
60°614.9540.3508.7490.8480.0472.0461.3458.3
75°599.7528.9493.9467.6451.8440.9425.4418.5
90°599.1530.0492.2459.3433.3414.4390.4375.3
110°581.9507.0467.4442.7421.9403.7368.3332.2
120°594.8508.6459.8424.6400.5379.2343.5314.7
135°669.3541.0480.2431.4388.7351.3301.0261.2
150°793.1628.8539.3484.3441.2397.7315.4240.4
Run VMG915.8726.1622.7559.3509.5459.2364.2277.6
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward945.4767.8681.8636.4603.9573.7520.6481.9
All purpose730.5610.6552.9518.5493.3471.4435.7410.2
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward655.50.9153
All purpose531.31.1293
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low670.60.8947
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium531.31.1292
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High463.51.2945
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low856.70.7004
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium654.30.9170
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High561.31.0689
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance577.01.0399
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low670.60.8947
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium531.31.1292
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High463.51.2945
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low856.70.7004
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium654.30.9170
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High561.31.0689
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance942.5724.6618.2553.8512.7475.6414.9388.7
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.7921
Downwind "popa"1.0104
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.8470
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.9332
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low670.60.8947
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium531.31.1292
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High463.51.2945
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low856.70.7004
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium654.30.9170
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High561.31.0689
Predominantly Upwind582.51.0300
Predominantly Downwind527.41.1376
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Predominant Upwind580.81.0331
Predominant Reaching509.11.1786
Predominant Downwind509.11.1786
Predominant Upwind - Low740.20.8106
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med632.20.9490
Predominant Upwind - Medium567.61.0572
Predominant Upwind - Med/High527.21.1381
Predominant Upwind - High503.91.1908
Predominant Reaching Low658.20.9115
Predominant Reaching Low/Med560.71.0700
Predominant Reaching Medium492.81.2175
Predominant Reaching Med/High439.11.3664
Predominant Reaching High404.71.4827
Predominant Downwind Low658.20.9115
Predominant Downwind Low/Med601.00.9983
Predominant Downwind Medium512.71.1702
Predominant Downwind Med/High440.41.3625
Predominant Downwind High386.51.5524
Harvest Moon Regatta449.11.3360
Chicago-Mac Upwind1.0126
Chicago-Mac All Purpose1.0594
Chicago-Mac Downwind1.1150
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.9876
Bayview-Mac Shore0.9928
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low905.10.6629
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med744.20.8062
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium644.20.9314
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High575.11.0432
5-Band Windward/Leeward High523.11.1471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low856.70.7004
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium654.30.9170
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High561.31.0689
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low911.60.6582
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med754.50.7953
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium659.60.9097
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High598.11.0031
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High554.61.0820
5-Band AP Low703.30.8531
5-Band AP Low/Med594.31.0095
5-Band AP Medium523.71.1456
5-Band AP Med/High473.11.2683
5-Band AP High437.51.3715
Triple Number AP Low670.60.8947
Triple Number AP Medium531.41.1291
Triple Number AP High463.51.2945
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low860.30.6974
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med711.80.8429
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium620.00.9678
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High557.71.0758
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High513.21.1692
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance577.01.0399
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low670.60.8947
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium531.31.1292
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High463.51.2945
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low856.70.7004
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium654.30.9170
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High561.31.0689
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance942.5724.6618.2553.8512.7475.6414.9388.7
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance577.01.0399
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low670.60.8947
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium531.31.1292
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High463.51.2945
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low856.70.7004
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium654.30.9170
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High561.31.0689
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance942.5724.6618.2553.8512.7475.6414.9388.7
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance577.0
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance942.5724.6618.2553.8512.7475.6414.9388.7
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low670.60.8947
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium531.31.1292
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High463.51.2945
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low856.70.7004
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium654.30.9170
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High561.31.0689
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
FinRating (Coastal/Long Distance)577.01.0399
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low670.60.8947
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium531.31.1292
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High463.51.2945
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low856.70.7004
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium654.30.9170
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High561.31.0689
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance942.5724.6618.2553.8512.7475.6414.9388.7
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low670.60.8947
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium531.31.1292
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High463.51.2945
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low856.70.7004
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium654.30.9170
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High561.31.0689
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.8947
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.1292
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.2945
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.7004
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.9170
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.0689
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance942.5724.6618.2553.8512.7475.6414.9388.7
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance577.01.0399
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low670.60.8947
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium531.31.1292
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High463.51.2945
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low856.70.7004
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium654.30.9170
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High561.31.0689
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance942.5724.6618.2553.8512.7475.6414.9388.7
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low670.60.8947
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium531.31.1292
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High463.51.2945
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low856.70.7004
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium654.30.9170
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High561.31.0689
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance577.01.0399
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low670.60.8947
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium531.31.1292
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High463.51.2945
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low856.70.7004
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium654.30.9170
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High561.31.0689
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance942.5724.6618.2553.8512.7475.6414.9388.7
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance577.01.0399
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low670.60.8947
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium531.31.1292
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High463.51.2945
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low856.70.7004
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium654.30.9170
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High561.31.0689
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance942.5724.6618.2553.8512.7475.6414.9388.7
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low670.6
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium531.3
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High463.5
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low856.7
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium654.3
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High561.3
Predominantly Upwind582.5
Predominantly Downwind527.4
Predominantly Reaching509.1
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance577.01.0399
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low670.60.8947
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium531.31.1292
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High463.51.2945
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low856.70.7004
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium654.30.9170
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High561.31.0689
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance942.5724.6618.2553.8512.7475.6414.9388.7
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.8947
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.1292
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.2945
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.7004
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.9170
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.0689
Coastal/Long Distance1.0399
Predominantly Upwind1.0300
Predominantly Downwind1.1376
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)593.9
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Tretall Distanseseilas Lite vind0.8947
Tretall Distanseseilas Mellomvind1.1292
Tretall Distanseseilas Mye vind1.2945
Tretall Pølsebane Lite vind0.7004
Tretall Pølsebane Mellomvind0.9170
Tretall Pølsebane Mye vind1.0689
Distanseseilas ett tall (OSN 8-16kn)1.0399
Distanseseilas ett tall (APH 6-20kn)1.1293
Enkeltall Motvind1.0300
Enkeltall Medvind1.1376
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low670.60.8947
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium531.31.1292
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High463.51.2945
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low856.70.7004
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium654.30.9170
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High561.31.0689
Coastal/Long Distance577.01.0399
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind582.51.0300
Predominantly Downwind527.41.1376
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore493.51.2159
Cape Doctor Coastal417.91.4359
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low670.60.8947
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium531.31.1292
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High463.51.2945
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low856.70.7004
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium654.30.9170
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High561.31.0689
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.8947
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.1292
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.2945
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.7004
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.9170
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.0689
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.8947
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.1292
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.2945
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.7004
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.9170
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.0689
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance577.01.0399
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low670.60.8947
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium531.31.1292
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High463.51.2945
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low856.70.7004
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium654.30.9170
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High561.31.0689
Predominantly Upwind582.51.0300
Predominantly Downwind527.41.1376
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance942.5724.6618.2553.8512.7475.6414.9388.7
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance		Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance577.01.0399
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low670.60.8947
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium531.31.1292
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High463.51.2945
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low856.70.7004
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium654.30.9170
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High561.31.0689
Performance Curve6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance942.5724.6618.2553.8512.7475.6414.9388.7
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Predominant Upwind580.81.0331
Predominant Reaching509.11.1786
Predominant Downwind509.11.1786
Predominant Upwind - Low740.20.8106
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med632.20.9490
Predominant Upwind - Medium567.61.0572
Predominant Upwind - Med/High527.21.1381
Predominant Upwind - High503.91.1908
Predominant Reaching Low658.20.9115
Predominant Reaching Low/Med560.71.0700
Predominant Reaching Medium492.81.2175
Predominant Reaching Med/High439.11.3664
Predominant Reaching High404.71.4827
Predominant Downwind Low658.20.9115
Predominant Downwind Low/Med601.00.9983
Predominant Downwind Medium512.71.1702
Predominant Downwind Med/High440.41.3625
Predominant Downwind High386.51.5524
Harvest Moon Regatta449.11.3360
Chicago-Mac Upwind1.0126
Chicago-Mac All Purpose1.0594
Chicago-Mac Downwind1.1150
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.9876
Bayview-Mac Shore0.9928
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low905.10.6629
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med744.20.8062
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium644.20.9314
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High575.11.0432
5-Band Windward/Leeward High523.11.1471
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low856.70.7004
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium654.30.9170
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High561.31.0689
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low911.60.6582
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med754.50.7953
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium659.60.9097
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High598.11.0031
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High554.61.0820
5-Band AP Low703.30.8531
5-Band AP Low/Med594.31.0095
5-Band AP Medium523.71.1456
5-Band AP Med/High473.11.2683
5-Band AP High437.51.3715
Triple Number AP Low670.60.8947
Triple Number AP Medium531.41.1291
Triple Number AP High463.51.2945
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low860.30.6974
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med711.80.8429
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium620.00.9678
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High557.71.0758
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High513.21.1692
ORC Ref  04590002WUBIssued on 15/02/2024Valid until 31/12/2024
VPP ver: 2024 1.00 | © ORC | www.orc.org

Club
Certificate
2024

Boat

CODE-ZERO

TUR-28001

Turkiye
Sailing
Federation
www.tyf.org.tr/
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassFARR 280 ODMeasurement27/08/2020HINPlan reviewHull constructionCoredCarbon RudderYesLight stanchionsYesTrim tabNo
LOA8.690Max. Beam2.864Draft2.109Displacement1,675Wetted area14.42IMS L8.506LSM07.983Acc. length8.690Sink (kg/mm) 10.78
VCGD-0.200VCGM-0.202RM Rated (kg·m) 37.2Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight499Declared crew weight580
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeFolding 2 blades
InstallationStrutTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.375PBW0.100PIPA0.0026
EDL0.923ST10.042ST20.135
ST30.135ST40.088ST50.305
RIG
Forestay tensionForwardInner stayNone FittedMast materialCarbonSingle headsail furlerNoMainsail furlerNoArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunners/Checkstays1Spreaders2Rotating mastNo
P11.550IG11.269ISP13.069MDT10.090MDL10.160MDT20.090MDL20.122TL1.580MW0.160GO0.175
E4.000J3.153BAS1.258FSD0.000SFJ0.180SPL0.000WPLTPS4.985BD0.155MWT62.00MCG3.920
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodVCG entered directlyVCG entered-0.200Flotation Date23/07/2015
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
ORC Ref  04590002WUBIssued on 15/02/2024Valid until 31/12/2024
VPP ver: 2024 1.00 | © ORC | www.orc.org

Club
Certificate
2024

Boat

CODE-ZERO

TUR-28001

Turkiye
Sailing
Federation
www.tyf.org.tr/
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateComment00.871.271.822.693.4029.7605/05/2023IRC 2023
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateComment00.090.470.891.662.443.1611.30YesNo 18.5805/05/2023IRC 2023
ASYMMETRIC SPINNAKER
IdSLUSLESLSHWSFLRatioAreaMeas.DateComment014.7012.5513.638.208.4597%93.6705/05/2023IRC 2023
ORC Ref  04590002WUBIssued on 15/02/2024Valid until 31/12/2024
VPP ver: 2024 1.00 | © ORC | www.orc.org