Club Certificate2025
FLAWLESSTUR
Turkiye
Sailing
Federation
www.tyf.org.tr/
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles46.3°46.3°44.7°43.1°42.0°41.1°40.5°40.5°41.3°
Beat VMG2.042.933.714.334.835.225.455.575.50
52°3.264.605.746.577.227.687.968.158.15
60°3.554.956.096.927.527.958.228.448.48
75°3.695.196.447.357.918.178.458.859.02
90°4.075.656.927.808.328.668.859.129.42
110°4.035.667.007.938.488.919.329.9910.42
120°3.915.486.807.768.368.819.2410.1311.10
135°3.394.856.147.187.948.458.889.7510.81
150°2.794.075.266.297.167.838.309.029.76
Run VMG2.413.524.565.456.206.797.278.048.66
Gybe Angles142.6°142.6°146.2°148.0°149.2°151.4°156.1°162.6°162.4°
APH ToD:551.0CDL: 10.226APH ToT: 1.0890CertNo:
BOAT
ClassHANSE 455 T-KEELDesignerJ&VBuilderHANSE YACHTSAge date05/2016Series date05/2011Offset fileHanse455-Tkeel.offData fileTUR FLAWLESS
HULL
Length Overall13.550 mMaximum Beam4.368 mDraft2.236 mDisplacement11,600 kgDLR6.4344IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.370%Age Allowance0.455%
PROPELLER
InstallationStrutTypeSolid 3 bladesDiameter0.400m
CREW
Maximum weight911 kg(default)Minimum weight774 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerNoCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail47.9847.70Headsail Luffed37.5437.54Headsail FlyingSymmetricAsymmetric116.82116.82 (1 asymmetric(s) with SHW/SFL < 85%)
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail17.67Storm Jib15.49Heavy Weather Jib41.82
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails6
✱ One set on the forestay
Spinnakers5
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
Club Certificate2025
FLAWLESSTUR
Turkiye
Sailing
Federation
www.tyf.org.tr/
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG1765.81228.9969.3831.7745.5689.6661.0646.8654.3
52°1105.2781.8627.6547.7498.8468.7452.4442.0441.5
60°1015.5727.6591.5520.6478.4452.9438.0426.4424.3
75°975.9693.6558.9489.5455.1440.8425.9407.0399.2
90°884.1636.7520.4461.7432.7415.8406.8394.7382.3
110°892.6635.8514.2454.3424.7404.0386.2360.3345.4
120°921.8656.4529.7464.1430.9408.8389.5355.2324.3
135°1060.8741.6586.2501.1453.2426.0405.5369.1333.0
150°1292.1884.5684.2572.3502.8459.7433.8399.0368.8
Run VMG1492.01021.4790.1660.9580.6530.1495.2447.9415.8
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward1628.81125.1879.7746.3663.1609.8578.1547.3535.0
All purpose1213.3849.7674.0580.5525.3490.9469.5445.9432.8
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward699.50.8577
All purpose551.01.0890
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low761.80.7876
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium547.41.0960
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High466.01.2876
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1002.30.5986
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium695.60.8626
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High574.51.0444
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance606.30.9897
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low761.80.7876
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium547.41.0960
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High466.01.2876
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1002.30.5986
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium695.60.8626
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High574.51.0444
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1722.71114.7820.1663.2565.8510.4473.3423.7407.5
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.7275
Downwind "popa"0.9280
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.7779
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.8571
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low761.80.7876
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium547.41.0960
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High466.01.2876
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1002.30.5986
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium695.60.8626
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High574.51.0444
Predominantly Upwind607.90.9869
Predominantly Downwind557.01.0773
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low761.80.7876
Triple Number AP Medium547.51.0958
Triple Number AP High466.01.2876
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1051.70.5705
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium695.60.8626
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High574.51.0444
Single Number Predominant Upwind639.60.9381
Single Number Predominant Reaching543.71.1035
Single Number Predominant Downwind585.11.0254
Predominant Upwind - Low968.60.6194
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med698.30.8592
Predominant Upwind - Medium581.51.0319
Predominant Upwind - Med/High516.11.1626
Predominant Upwind - High494.91.2124
Predominant Downwind Low907.00.6615
Predominant Downwind Low/Med645.50.9296
Predominant Downwind Medium531.21.1294
Predominant Downwind Med/High463.61.2942
Predominant Downwind High429.71.3963
Predominant Reaching Low812.20.7387
Predominant Reaching Low/Med590.61.0160
Predominant Reaching Medium497.21.2068
Predominant Reaching Med/High445.11.3481
Predominant Reaching High421.31.4242
SA/DSPL Upwind16.55SA/DSPL Downwind31.90
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1189.70.5043
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med836.80.7170
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium679.00.8837
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High585.41.0249
5-Band Windward/Leeward High550.51.0898
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1211.40.4953
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med854.70.7020
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium695.60.8626
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High602.50.9959
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High570.51.0516
5-Band AP Low844.90.7102
5-Band AP Low/Med644.90.9303
5-Band AP Medium536.41.1185
5-Band AP Med/High473.81.2663
5-Band AP High447.71.3402
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1018.90.5888
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med800.40.7497
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium652.90.9190
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High566.51.0591
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High534.71.1221
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8969
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.9430
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.9812
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6515
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6560
Harvest Moon Regatta461.11.3012
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance606.30.9897
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low761.80.7876
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium547.41.0960
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High466.01.2876
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1002.30.5986
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium695.60.8626
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High574.51.0444
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1722.71114.7820.1663.2565.8510.4473.3423.7407.5
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance606.30.9897
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low761.80.7876
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium547.41.0960
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High466.01.2876
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1002.30.5986
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium695.60.8626
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High574.51.0444
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1722.71114.7820.1663.2565.8510.4473.3423.7407.5
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance606.3
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1722.71114.7820.1663.2565.8510.4473.3423.7407.5
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low761.80.7876
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium547.41.0960
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High466.01.2876
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1002.30.5986
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium695.60.8626
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High574.51.0444
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating606.30.9897
FinRating, kevyt tuuli1162.80.8600
FinRating, kova tuuli450.01.1112
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low761.80.7876
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium547.41.0960
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High466.01.2876
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1002.30.5986
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium695.60.8626
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High574.51.0444
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance0.9897
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7876
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0960
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.2876
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5986
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8626
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.0444
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1722.71114.7820.1663.2565.8510.4473.3423.7407.5
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)629.1
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance606.30.9897
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low761.80.7876
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium547.41.0960
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High466.01.2876
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1002.30.5986
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium695.60.8626
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High574.51.0444
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1722.71114.7820.1663.2565.8510.4473.3423.7407.5
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low761.80.7876
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium547.41.0960
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High466.01.2876
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1002.30.5986
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium695.60.8626
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High574.51.0444
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance606.30.9897
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low761.80.7876
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium547.41.0960
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High466.01.2876
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1002.30.5986
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium695.60.8626
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High574.51.0444
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1722.71114.7820.1663.2565.8510.4473.3423.7407.5
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance606.30.9897
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low761.80.7876
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium547.41.0960
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High466.01.2876
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1002.30.5986
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium695.60.8626
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High574.51.0444
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1722.71114.7820.1663.2565.8510.4473.3423.7407.5
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low761.8
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium547.4
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High466.0
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1002.3
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium695.6
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High574.5
Predominantly Upwind607.9
Predominantly Downwind557.0
Predominantly Reaching528.1
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance606.30.9897
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low761.80.7876
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium547.41.0960
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High466.01.2876
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1002.30.5986
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium695.60.8626
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High574.51.0444
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1722.71114.7820.1663.2565.8510.4473.3423.7407.5
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7876
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0960
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.2876
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5986
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8626
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.0444
Coastal/Long Distance0.9897
Predominantly Upwind0.9869
Predominantly Downwind1.0773
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)629.1
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)1.0890
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.7876
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind1.0960
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind1.2876
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.5986
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind0.8626
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind1.0444
Motvind Singeltall0.9869
Medvind Singeltall1.0773
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low761.80.7876
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium547.41.0960
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High466.01.2876
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1002.30.5986
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium695.60.8626
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High574.51.0444
Coastal/Long Distance606.30.9897
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind607.90.9869
Predominantly Downwind557.01.0773
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore538.71.1137
Cape Doctor Coastal436.71.3738
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low761.80.7876
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium547.41.0960
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High466.01.2876
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1002.30.5986
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium695.60.8626
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High574.51.0444
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7876
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0960
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.2876
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5986
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8626
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.0444
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7876
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium1.0960
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.2876
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5986
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.8626
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High1.0444
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance606.30.9897
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low761.80.7876
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium547.41.0960
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High466.01.2876
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1002.30.5986
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium695.60.8626
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High574.51.0444
Predominantly Upwind607.90.9869
Predominantly Downwind557.01.0773
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1722.71114.7820.1663.2565.8510.4473.3423.7407.5
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance606.30.9897
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low761.80.7876
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium547.41.0960
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High466.01.2876
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1002.30.5986
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium695.60.8626
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High574.51.0444
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1722.71114.7820.1663.2565.8510.4473.3423.7407.5
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low761.80.7876
Triple Number AP Medium547.51.0958
Triple Number AP High466.01.2876
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1051.70.5705
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium695.60.8626
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High574.51.0444
Single Number Predominant Upwind639.60.9381
Single Number Predominant Reaching543.71.1035
Single Number Predominant Downwind585.11.0254
Predominant Upwind - Low968.60.6194
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med698.30.8592
Predominant Upwind - Medium581.51.0319
Predominant Upwind - Med/High516.11.1626
Predominant Upwind - High494.91.2124
Predominant Downwind Low907.00.6615
Predominant Downwind Low/Med645.50.9296
Predominant Downwind Medium531.21.1294
Predominant Downwind Med/High463.61.2942
Predominant Downwind High429.71.3963
Predominant Reaching Low812.20.7387
Predominant Reaching Low/Med590.61.0160
Predominant Reaching Medium497.21.2068
Predominant Reaching Med/High445.11.3481
Predominant Reaching High421.31.4242
SA/DSPL Upwind16.55SA/DSPL Downwind31.90
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1189.70.5043
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med836.80.7170
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium679.00.8837
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High585.41.0249
5-Band Windward/Leeward High550.51.0898
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1211.40.4953
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med854.70.7020
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium695.60.8626
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High602.50.9959
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High570.51.0516
5-Band AP Low844.90.7102
5-Band AP Low/Med644.90.9303
5-Band AP Medium536.41.1185
5-Band AP Med/High473.81.2663
5-Band AP High447.71.3402
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1018.90.5888
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med800.40.7497
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium652.90.9190
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High566.51.0591
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High534.71.1221
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.8969
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.9430
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.9812
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6515
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6560
Harvest Moon Regatta461.11.3012
Club Certificate2025
FLAWLESSTUR
Turkiye
Sailing
Federation
www.tyf.org.tr/
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassHANSE 455 T-KEELMeasurement24/11/2025HINPlan reviewHull constructionCoredCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA13.550Max. Beam4.368Draft2.236Displacement11,600Wetted area41.56IMS L12.429LSM012.170Acc. length13.550Sink (kg/mm) 31.62
VCGD0.127VCGM0.169RM Rated (kg·m) 332.0Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight911Declared crew weightN/A
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeSolid 3 blades
InstallationStrutTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.400PBWPIPA0.0201
EDL2.800ST10.065ST20.180
ST30.180ST40.110ST50.295
RIG
Forestay tensionFixedInner stayNone FittedMast materialAluminumSingle headsail furlerYesMainsail furlerIn mastArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays0CheckstaysSpreaders2Rotating mastNo
P17.400IG17.600ISP17.920MDT10.140MDL10.270MDT2MDL2TL1.000MWGO
E5.800J5.450BAS1.817FSD0.041SFJ0.000SPLWPLTPS5.920BD0.250MWTMCG
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodRM estimatedFlotation Date24/11/2025
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
Club Certificate2025
FLAWLESSTUR
Turkiye
Sailing
Federation
www.tyf.org.tr/
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateComment00.050.631.272.684.1747.9815/11/2025measured by CAGATAY ONUR
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateComment00.060.480.952.033.264.6517.35NoNo 37.5415/11/2025measured by CAGATAY ONUR
ASYMMETRIC SPINNAKER
IdSLUSLESLSHWSFLRatioAreaMeas.DateComment016.7015.6016.158.3010.2081%116.8215/11/2025measured by CAGATAY ONUR
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length13.6 mTable area0.66 m²Headroom1.87 mMinimum number of berths6Personal gear stowage0.24 m³Fresh water capacity228 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit6Food stowage0.36 m³Fuel capacity122 lCabin soleStovesSinksGalley gear stowageToiletWash basinNavigation areaHanging locker
*This list is a summary of the requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for details.