Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
DRIFTERRSA 1189
ORC
Central Rating Office
Issuing certificates for
SOUTH AFRICA
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles46.4°46.4°44.8°43.8°43.1°42.6°42.7°42.9°44.5°
Beat VMG1.832.553.123.543.844.054.154.184.05
52°2.934.014.835.405.786.026.166.226.18
60°3.194.305.115.676.016.236.376.466.47
75°3.324.475.315.886.226.436.586.786.85
90°3.254.405.245.876.246.486.666.937.12
110°2.853.984.935.686.186.496.727.107.44
120°2.693.804.765.516.076.426.667.077.46
135°2.343.394.345.115.746.186.486.917.31
150°1.982.933.834.615.265.826.216.707.09
Run VMG1.712.543.334.054.695.275.786.436.84
Gybe Angles149.6°149.6°153.7°161.8°169.4°173.0°176.8°179.5°179.5°
APH ToD:717.0CDL: 6.414APH ToT: 0.8368CertNo:ZAN291
BOAT
ClassSADLER 32DesignerDAVID SADLERBuilderAge date01/1986Series date01/1979Offset fileSADLER-32.offData fileRSA-1189
HULL
Length Overall9.600 mMaximum Beam3.162 mDraft1.460 mDisplacement5,313 kgDLR11.8955IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.720%Age Allowance0.487%
PROPELLER
InstallationShaft exposedTypeSolid 3 bladesDiameter0.340m
CREW
Maximum weight469 kg(default)Minimum weight339 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerNoCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail19.0719.29Headsail Luffed30.2530.25Headsail FlyingSymmetricAsymmetric
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail5.97Storm Jib7.38Heavy Weather Jib19.92
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails1
✱ One set on the forestay
✱ Zero set flying
✱ Woven polyester sails
Spinnakers0
✱ Spinnaker pole aboard
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
DRIFTERRSA 1189
ORC
Central Rating Office
Issuing certificates for
SOUTH AFRICA
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG1971.41414.51152.61018.3937.8889.0867.3862.0888.3
52°1228.4897.5745.2667.1622.7597.8584.6579.2582.6
60°1129.3837.1704.9635.4598.6577.8565.5557.6556.5
75°1085.8805.0678.0612.0578.9559.8546.9531.0525.5
90°1107.6819.1686.4613.0576.6555.5540.8519.6505.4
110°1264.9904.3730.7634.3582.4554.7535.9507.2483.8
120°1339.4946.8757.1652.9593.2561.1540.4509.3482.4
135°1540.31061.4829.0705.1627.2582.1555.6521.1492.5
150°1822.41229.6939.0781.3684.1618.8579.5537.2508.0
Run VMG2106.41419.81080.6888.5766.8682.8623.2559.5526.4
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward2036.01417.21116.6953.4852.3785.9745.3710.8707.4
All purpose1523.91080.0866.8752.3684.9643.5619.0595.3587.0
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward896.10.6695
All purpose717.00.8368
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low973.40.6164
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium712.20.8425
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High616.30.9736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1266.90.4736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium891.40.6731
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High742.50.8081
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance785.90.7635
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low973.40.6164
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium712.20.8425
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High616.30.9736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1266.90.4736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium891.40.6731
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High742.50.8081
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2181.51417.41047.6853.7735.4669.2625.0566.5553.1
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.5881
Downwind "popa"0.6975
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.6171
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.6607
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low973.40.6164
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium712.20.8425
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High616.30.9736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1266.90.4736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium891.40.6731
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High742.50.8081
Predominantly Upwind773.00.7762
Predominantly Downwind738.00.8130
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low973.40.6164
Triple Number AP Medium712.30.8424
Triple Number AP High616.20.9736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1327.80.4519
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium891.40.6731
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High742.50.8081
Single Number Predominant Upwind807.90.7427
Single Number Predominant Reaching714.50.8398
Single Number Predominant Downwind778.10.7711
Predominant Upwind - Low1169.30.5131
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med869.10.6903
Predominant Upwind - Medium742.30.8083
Predominant Upwind - Med/High674.40.8896
Predominant Upwind - High655.80.9149
Predominant Downwind Low1215.30.4937
Predominant Downwind Low/Med861.80.6962
Predominant Downwind Medium704.50.8517
Predominant Downwind Med/High609.90.9838
Predominant Downwind High569.71.0533
Predominant Reaching Low1049.70.5716
Predominant Reaching Low/Med773.70.7755
Predominant Reaching Medium655.90.9148
Predominant Reaching Med/High590.01.0170
Predominant Reaching High563.21.0653
SA/DSPL Upwind16.11SA/DSPL Downwind16.11
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1497.40.4007
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med1064.30.5637
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium871.10.6888
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High755.30.7943
5-Band Windward/Leeward High716.10.8378
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1495.60.4012
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med1073.90.5587
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium887.90.6758
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High779.50.7697
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High746.40.8038
5-Band AP Low1089.30.5508
5-Band AP Low/Med831.00.7220
5-Band AP Medium698.80.8586
5-Band AP Med/High624.70.9605
5-Band AP High598.01.0034
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1281.40.4682
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med1018.20.5893
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium841.60.7130
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High739.50.8113
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High706.80.8489
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.7139
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.7299
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.7377
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.5120
Bayview-Mac Shore0.5172
Harvest Moon Regatta609.20.9850
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance785.90.7635
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low973.40.6164
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium712.20.8425
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High616.30.9736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1266.90.4736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium891.40.6731
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High742.50.8081
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2181.51417.41047.6853.7735.4669.2625.0566.5553.1
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance785.90.7635
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low973.40.6164
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium712.20.8425
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High616.30.9736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1266.90.4736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium891.40.6731
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High742.50.8081
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2181.51417.41047.6853.7735.4669.2625.0566.5553.1
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance785.9
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2181.51417.41047.6853.7735.4669.2625.0566.5553.1
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low973.40.6164
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium712.20.8425
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High616.30.9736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1266.90.4736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium891.40.6731
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High742.50.8081
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating785.90.7635
FinRating, kevyt tuuli1471.80.6794
FinRating, kova tuuli602.60.8297
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low973.40.6164
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium712.20.8425
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High616.30.9736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1266.90.4736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium891.40.6731
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High742.50.8081
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance0.7635
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.6164
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.8425
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High0.9736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.4736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.6731
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8081
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2181.51417.41047.6853.7735.4669.2625.0566.5553.1
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)815.2
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance785.90.7635
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low973.40.6164
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium712.20.8425
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High616.30.9736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1266.90.4736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium891.40.6731
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High742.50.8081
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2181.51417.41047.6853.7735.4669.2625.0566.5553.1
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low973.40.6164
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium712.20.8425
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High616.30.9736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1266.90.4736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium891.40.6731
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High742.50.8081
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance785.90.7635
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low973.40.6164
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium712.20.8425
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High616.30.9736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1266.90.4736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium891.40.6731
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High742.50.8081
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2181.51417.41047.6853.7735.4669.2625.0566.5553.1
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance785.90.7635
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low973.40.6164
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium712.20.8425
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High616.30.9736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1266.90.4736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium891.40.6731
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High742.50.8081
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2181.51417.41047.6853.7735.4669.2625.0566.5553.1
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low973.4
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium712.2
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High616.3
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1266.9
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium891.4
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High742.5
Predominantly Upwind773.0
Predominantly Downwind738.0
Predominantly Reaching699.5
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance785.90.7635
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low973.40.6164
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium712.20.8425
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High616.30.9736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1266.90.4736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium891.40.6731
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High742.50.8081
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2181.51417.41047.6853.7735.4669.2625.0566.5553.1
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.6164
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.8425
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High0.9736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.4736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.6731
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8081
Coastal/Long Distance0.7635
Predominantly Upwind0.7762
Predominantly Downwind0.8130
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)815.2
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)0.8368
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.6164
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind0.8425
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind0.9736
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.4736
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind0.6731
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind0.8081
Motvind Singeltall0.7762
Medvind Singeltall0.8130
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low973.40.6164
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium712.20.8425
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High616.30.9736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1266.90.4736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium891.40.6731
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High742.50.8081
Coastal/Long Distance785.90.7635
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind773.00.7762
Predominantly Downwind738.00.8130
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore708.40.8470
Cape Doctor Coastal589.51.0179
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low973.40.6164
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium712.20.8425
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High616.30.9736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1266.90.4736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium891.40.6731
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High742.50.8081
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.6164
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.8425
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High0.9736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.4736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.6731
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8081
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.6164
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.8425
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High0.9736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.4736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.6731
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8081
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance785.90.7635
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low973.40.6164
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium712.20.8425
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High616.30.9736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1266.90.4736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium891.40.6731
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High742.50.8081
Predominantly Upwind773.00.7762
Predominantly Downwind738.00.8130
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2181.51417.41047.6853.7735.4669.2625.0566.5553.1
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance785.90.7635
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low973.40.6164
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium712.20.8425
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High616.30.9736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1266.90.4736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium891.40.6731
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High742.50.8081
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance2181.51417.41047.6853.7735.4669.2625.0566.5553.1
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low973.40.6164
Triple Number AP Medium712.30.8424
Triple Number AP High616.20.9736
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1327.80.4519
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium891.40.6731
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High742.50.8081
Single Number Predominant Upwind807.90.7427
Single Number Predominant Reaching714.50.8398
Single Number Predominant Downwind778.10.7711
Predominant Upwind - Low1169.30.5131
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med869.10.6903
Predominant Upwind - Medium742.30.8083
Predominant Upwind - Med/High674.40.8896
Predominant Upwind - High655.80.9149
Predominant Downwind Low1215.30.4937
Predominant Downwind Low/Med861.80.6962
Predominant Downwind Medium704.50.8517
Predominant Downwind Med/High609.90.9838
Predominant Downwind High569.71.0533
Predominant Reaching Low1049.70.5716
Predominant Reaching Low/Med773.70.7755
Predominant Reaching Medium655.90.9148
Predominant Reaching Med/High590.01.0170
Predominant Reaching High563.21.0653
SA/DSPL Upwind16.11SA/DSPL Downwind16.11
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1497.40.4007
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med1064.30.5637
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium871.10.6888
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High755.30.7943
5-Band Windward/Leeward High716.10.8378
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1495.60.4012
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med1073.90.5587
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium887.90.6758
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High779.50.7697
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High746.40.8038
5-Band AP Low1089.30.5508
5-Band AP Low/Med831.00.7220
5-Band AP Medium698.80.8586
5-Band AP Med/High624.70.9605
5-Band AP High598.01.0034
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1281.40.4682
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med1018.20.5893
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium841.60.7130
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High739.50.8113
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High706.80.8489
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.7139
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.7299
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.7377
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.5120
Bayview-Mac Shore0.5172
Harvest Moon Regatta609.20.9850
Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
DRIFTERRSA 1189
ORC
Central Rating Office
Issuing certificates for
SOUTH AFRICA
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassSADLER 32Measurement26/05/2025HINPlan reviewHull constructionSolidCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA9.600Max. Beam3.162Draft1.460Displacement5,313Wetted area21.20IMS L7.758LSM07.643Acc. length9.454Sink (kg/mm) 14.21
VCGD0.032VCGM-0.028RM Rated (kg·m) 81.9Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight469Declared crew weightN/A
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeSolid 3 blades
InstallationShaft exposedTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.340PBW0.100PIPA0.0148
PSD0.040PHD0.054PHL0.080
PSAESL0.480
ST1ST20.062ST30.070
ST40.060ST50.075
RIG
Forestay tensionFixedInner stayFixedMast materialAluminumSingle headsail furlerYesMainsail furlerNoArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays0CheckstaysSpreaders1Rotating mastNo
P10.570IG12.010ISP11.960MDT10.115MDL10.200MDT2MDL2TLNo TaperMW0.200GO0.240
E3.225J3.605BAS1.390FSDFoilSFJ0.000SPL3.693WPLTPSBD0.105MWTMCG
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodRM estimatedFlotation Date20/10/2025
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
Non Spin/HSFClub Certificate2025
DRIFTERRSA 1189
ORC
Central Rating Office
Issuing certificates for
SOUTH AFRICA
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateCommentM10.150.621.091.882.5619.0715/10/2025OLD
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateCommentJ10.060.641.242.493.805.2911.82NoNo 30.2515/10/2025OLD
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length9.5 mTable area0.44 m²Headroom1.67 mMinimum number of berths4Personal gear stowage0.16 m³Fresh water capacity70 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit4Food stowage0.24 m³Fuel capacity40 lCabin soleStovesSinksGalley gear stowageToiletWash basinNavigation areaHanging locker
*This list is a summary of the requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for details.