Club Certificate2025
LinnLAT-604
Latvijas Jūras
burāšanas asociācija
Grecinieku street 11A-5, Riga
Riga LV-1050 Latvia
Rated boat velocities in knots
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat Angles43.6°43.6°41.6°40.4°39.8°40.0°39.9°40.4°41.5°
Beat VMG2.162.963.563.984.234.334.394.384.29
52°3.374.515.315.826.106.256.326.366.33
60°3.574.745.536.016.276.436.526.586.60
75°3.664.875.696.176.446.636.766.926.99
90°3.554.825.736.256.526.676.857.127.30
110°3.624.935.896.426.736.987.187.437.62
120°3.484.785.766.366.727.007.267.707.95
135°3.144.355.346.106.546.867.147.738.33
150°2.633.764.765.596.206.586.877.428.04
Run VMG2.273.254.134.875.526.036.416.967.46
Gybe Angles147.8°147.8°151.9°154.6°161.3°167.3°175.9°178.1°177.7°
APH ToD:644.5CDL: 6.996APH ToT: 0.9309CertNo:004/25
BOAT
ClassComfort 32DesignerBuilderAge date01/2022Series date01/1977Offset fileGR0090.BOFData fileLAT-604
HULL
Length Overall9.500 mMaximum Beam3.294 mDraft1.685 mDisplacement4,799 kgDLR10.8915IMS DivisionCruiser/RacerDynamic Allowance0.610%Age Allowance0.487%
PROPELLER
InstallationStrutTypeFolding 2 bladesDiameter0.380m
CREW
Maximum weight466 kg(default)Minimum weight336 kg ✱ when appliedNon Manual PowerCrew Arm Extension
SAIL AREAS (m²)
MeasuredRatedMainsail20.2620.51Headsail Luffed30.3230.32Headsail FlyingSymmetric72.4472.44Asymmetric
STORM SAIL AREAS (m²)
Trysail6.01Storm Jib7.44Heavy Weather Jib20.07
SAIL LIMITS
Headsails5
✱ One set on the forestay
Spinnakers4
STABILITY
Righting MomentN/AStability IndexN/A
The owner and any other person in charge is responsible that boat is complying with her certificate in accordance with RRS 78.1 and ORC Rule 304.
Club Certificate2025
LinnLAT-604
Latvijas Jūras
burāšanas asociācija
Grecinieku street 11A-5, Riga
Riga LV-1050 Latvia
Time Allowances in secs/NM
Wind Velocity 4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Beat VMG1668.71218.31010.2904.1851.2830.8820.4821.0838.8
52°1068.4797.9678.4618.8590.5576.4569.8566.2568.3
60°1009.7758.9650.6599.0573.8559.9552.1546.7545.8
75°984.8738.8632.5583.6558.8543.4532.5520.1514.7
90°1014.8747.7628.4575.6552.2539.6525.9505.4493.1
110°995.5730.0611.5561.0534.7515.9501.3484.8472.7
120°1035.2753.9625.4565.9536.0514.3496.0467.5452.6
135°1146.1826.7674.2590.3550.3525.1503.9465.6431.9
150°1371.1958.7757.1644.2580.3546.8523.8485.2447.5
Run VMG1587.11107.0872.6739.5651.9597.1561.4517.3482.6
Selected Courses
Windward / Leeward1626.51162.6941.4821.8751.5713.9690.9669.1660.7
All purpose1244.5903.7745.2664.1620.7597.3581.6563.1553.1
Single Number Scoring Options
CourseTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Windward / Leeward787.40.7620
All purpose644.50.9309
 
Custom scoring options for Australia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium639.70.9379
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High578.61.0370
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.10.5703
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium781.40.7679
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High688.50.8715
Custom scoring options for Austria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance699.30.8580
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium639.70.9379
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High578.61.0370
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.10.5703
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium781.40.7679
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High688.50.8715
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1713.41157.1886.2743.9661.9619.8587.3537.0525.1
Custom scoring options for Brazil
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Upwind "bolina"0.6506
Downwind "popa"0.8322
70% up, 30% down "Ilhabela"0.6961
30% up, 70% down "Ilhabela-inverso"0.7679
Custom scoring options for Bulgaria
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium639.70.9379
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High578.61.0370
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.10.5703
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium781.40.7679
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High688.50.8715
Predominantly Upwind702.10.8546
Predominantly Downwind646.10.9286
Custom scoring options for Canada
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low824.40.7278
Triple Number AP Medium639.80.9378
Triple Number AP High578.61.0370
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1097.60.5466
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium781.40.7679
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High688.50.8715
Single Number Predominant Upwind730.70.8211
Single Number Predominant Reaching642.40.9340
Single Number Predominant Downwind674.80.8892
Predominant Upwind - Low1000.00.6000
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med768.70.7806
Predominant Upwind - Medium679.70.8828
Predominant Upwind - Med/High638.50.9398
Predominant Upwind - High625.40.9594
Predominant Downwind Low981.10.6116
Predominant Downwind Low/Med729.10.8230
Predominant Downwind Medium622.80.9633
Predominant Downwind Med/High561.31.0690
Predominant Downwind High529.01.1343
Predominant Reaching Low887.50.6760
Predominant Reaching Low/Med679.50.8829
Predominant Reaching Medium599.21.0014
Predominant Reaching Med/High556.01.0791
Predominant Reaching High532.71.1263
SA/DSPL Upwind17.69SA/DSPL Downwind32.41
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1223.60.4903
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med903.80.6639
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium767.80.7815
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High696.20.8618
5-Band Windward/Leeward High671.40.8936
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1234.70.4860
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med919.00.6529
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium787.70.7617
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High722.00.8311
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High702.00.8548
5-Band AP Low907.50.6611
5-Band AP Low/Med721.60.8315
5-Band AP Medium631.10.9507
5-Band AP Med/High584.41.0267
5-Band AP High564.61.0627
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1061.00.5655
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med868.10.6912
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium745.40.8049
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High683.50.8779
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High661.50.9070
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.7965
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.8292
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.8587
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6107
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6144
Harvest Moon Regatta560.81.0698
Custom scoring options for Cyprus
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance699.30.8580
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium639.70.9379
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High578.61.0370
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.10.5703
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium781.40.7679
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High688.50.8715
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1713.41157.1886.2743.9661.9619.8587.3537.0525.1
Custom scoring options for Denmark
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance699.30.8580
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium639.70.9379
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High578.61.0370
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.10.5703
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium781.40.7679
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High688.50.8715
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1713.41157.1886.2743.9661.9619.8587.3537.0525.1
Custom scoring options for Spain
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Coastal/Long Distance699.3
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1713.41157.1886.2743.9661.9619.8587.3537.0525.1
Custom scoring options for Estonia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium639.70.9379
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High578.61.0370
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.10.5703
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium781.40.7679
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High688.50.8715
Custom scoring options for Finland
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
FinRating699.30.8580
FinRating, kevyt tuuli1202.20.8318
FinRating, kova tuuli568.40.8797
Custom scoring options for France
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium639.70.9379
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High578.61.0370
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.10.5703
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium781.40.7679
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High688.50.8715
Custom scoring options for Germany
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance0.8580
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9379
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0370
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5703
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7679
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8715
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1713.41157.1886.2743.9661.9619.8587.3537.0525.1
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)722.4
Custom scoring options for Greece
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance699.30.8580
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium639.70.9379
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High578.61.0370
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.10.5703
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium781.40.7679
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High688.50.8715
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1713.41157.1886.2743.9661.9619.8587.3537.0525.1
Custom scoring options for Hungary
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium639.70.9379
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High578.61.0370
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.10.5703
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium781.40.7679
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High688.50.8715
Custom scoring options for Israel
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance699.30.8580
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium639.70.9379
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High578.61.0370
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.10.5703
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium781.40.7679
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High688.50.8715
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1713.41157.1886.2743.9661.9619.8587.3537.0525.1
Custom scoring options for Japan
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance699.30.8580
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium639.70.9379
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High578.61.0370
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.10.5703
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium781.40.7679
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High688.50.8715
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1713.41157.1886.2743.9661.9619.8587.3537.0525.1
Custom scoring options for Korea
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.4
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium639.7
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High578.6
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.1
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium781.4
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High688.5
Predominantly Upwind702.1
Predominantly Downwind646.1
Predominantly Reaching625.0
Custom scoring options for Lithuania
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance699.30.8580
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium639.70.9379
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High578.61.0370
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.10.5703
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium781.40.7679
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High688.50.8715
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1713.41157.1886.2743.9661.9619.8587.3537.0525.1
Custom scoring options for Netherlands
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9379
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0370
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5703
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7679
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8715
Coastal/Long Distance0.8580
Predominantly Upwind0.8546
Predominantly Downwind0.9286
For information
General Purpose Handicap (GPH)722.4
Custom scoring options for Norway
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Distanseseilas Singeltall  (APH)0.9309
Distanseseilas Trippeltall svak vind0.7278
Distanseseilas Trippeltall mellomvind0.9379
Distanseseilas Trippeltall sterk vind1.0370
Pølsebane Trippeltall svak vind0.5703
Pølsebane Trippeltall mellomvind0.7679
Pølsebane Trippeltall sterk vind0.8715
Motvind Singeltall0.8546
Medvind Singeltall0.9286
Custom scoring options for Portugal
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium639.70.9379
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High578.61.0370
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.10.5703
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium781.40.7679
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High688.50.8715
Coastal/Long Distance699.30.8580
Custom scoring options for Russia
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Predominantly Upwind702.10.8546
Predominantly Downwind646.10.9286
Custom scoring options for South Africa
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Cape Doctor Inshore663.20.9046
Cape Doctor Coastal556.11.0789
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium639.70.9379
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High578.61.0370
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.10.5703
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium781.40.7679
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High688.50.8715
Custom scoring options for Slovenia
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9379
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0370
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5703
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7679
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8715
Custom scoring options for Switzerland
Scoring OptionTime On
Time
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low0.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium0.9379
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High1.0370
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low0.5703
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium0.7679
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High0.8715
Custom scoring options for Sweden
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance699.30.8580
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium639.70.9379
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High578.61.0370
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.10.5703
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium781.40.7679
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High688.50.8715
Predominantly Upwind702.10.8546
Predominantly Downwind646.10.9286
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1713.41157.1886.2743.9661.9619.8587.3537.0525.1
Custom scoring options for Ukraine
Scoring OptionTime On
Distance
Time On
Time
Coastal/Long Distance699.30.8580
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Low824.40.7278
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance Medium639.70.9379
Triple Number Coastal/Long Distance High578.61.0370
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1052.10.5703
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium781.40.7679
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High688.50.8715
Performance Curve4 kt 6 kt 8 kt 10 kt 12 kt 14 kt 16 kt 20 kt 24 kt
Coastal/Long Distance1713.41157.1886.2743.9661.9619.8587.3537.0525.1
Custom scoring options for United States of America
Scoring OptionTODTOT
Triple Number AP Low824.40.7278
Triple Number AP Medium639.80.9378
Triple Number AP High578.61.0370
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Low1097.60.5466
Triple Number Windward/Leeward Medium781.40.7679
Triple Number Windward/Leeward High688.50.8715
Single Number Predominant Upwind730.70.8211
Single Number Predominant Reaching642.40.9340
Single Number Predominant Downwind674.80.8892
Predominant Upwind - Low1000.00.6000
Predominant Upwind - Low/Med768.70.7806
Predominant Upwind - Medium679.70.8828
Predominant Upwind - Med/High638.50.9398
Predominant Upwind - High625.40.9594
Predominant Downwind Low981.10.6116
Predominant Downwind Low/Med729.10.8230
Predominant Downwind Medium622.80.9633
Predominant Downwind Med/High561.31.0690
Predominant Downwind High529.01.1343
Predominant Reaching Low887.50.6760
Predominant Reaching Low/Med679.50.8829
Predominant Reaching Medium599.21.0014
Predominant Reaching Med/High556.01.0791
Predominant Reaching High532.71.1263
SA/DSPL Upwind17.69SA/DSPL Downwind32.41
Scoring OptionTODTOT
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low1223.60.4903
5-Band Windward/Leeward Low/Med903.80.6639
5-Band Windward/Leeward Medium767.80.7815
5-Band Windward/Leeward Med/High696.20.8618
5-Band Windward/Leeward High671.40.8936
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low1234.70.4860
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Low/Med919.00.6529
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Medium787.70.7617
Windward/Leeward 60-40 Med/High722.00.8311
Windward/Leeward 60-40 High702.00.8548
5-Band AP Low907.50.6611
5-Band AP Low/Med721.60.8315
5-Band AP Medium631.10.9507
5-Band AP Med/High584.41.0267
5-Band AP High564.61.0627
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low1061.00.5655
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Low/Med868.10.6912
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Medium745.40.8049
5-Band SF Bay Tour - Med/High683.50.8779
5-Band SF Bay Tour - High661.50.9070
Chicago-Mac Upwind0.7965
Chicago-Mac All Purpose0.8292
Chicago-Mac Downwind0.8587
Bayview-Mac Cove Island0.6107
Bayview-Mac Shore0.6144
Harvest Moon Regatta560.81.0698
Club Certificate2025
LinnLAT-604
Latvijas Jūras
burāšanas asociācija
Grecinieku street 11A-5, Riga
Riga LV-1050 Latvia
Data in meters/kilograms (Metric)
HULL AND APPENDAGES (Lightship Trim)
ClassComfort 32Measurement06/06/2022HINPlan reviewHull constructionCoredCarbon rudderNoLight stanchionsNoTrim tabNo
LOA9.500Max. Beam3.294Draft1.685Displacement4,799Wetted area19.97IMS L7.837LSM07.609Acc. length9.464Sink (kg/mm) 13.38
VCGD-0.118VCGM-0.016RM Rated (kg·m) 61.8Limit of positive stability(°) N/AStability IndexN/ADefault crew weight466Declared crew weightN/A
PROPELLER
Propeller TypeFolding 2 blades
InstallationStrutTwin screwNoHydro generatorNo
PRD0.380PBWPIPA0.0032
EDL1.350ST10.048ST20.170
ST30.170ST40.098ST50.290
RIG
Forestay tensionInner stayNone FittedMast materialAluminumSingle headsail furlerYesMainsail furlerNoArticulated bowspritNoNon-circular riggingNoFiber riggingNoAdjustable mast footNoRunning backstays0CheckstaysSpreaders2Rotating mastNo
P11.000IG12.740ISP12.710MDT10.113MDL10.150MDT2MDL2TL0.000MW0.150GO
E3.119J3.336BAS1.470FSDSFJ0.772SPL3.814WPLTPSBDMWTMCG
Flying Headsail Foretriangles IdISPTPS
FLOTATION AND STABILITY
Calculation methodRM estimatedFlotation Date17/06/2022
BALLAST
TANKS
INVENTORY
INVENTORY
Fixed Ballast Total0
Total deductible
Total deductible
Club Certificate2025
LinnLAT-604
Latvijas Jūras
burāšanas asociācija
Grecinieku street 11A-5, Riga
Riga LV-1050 Latvia
MAINSAIL
IdMHBMUWMTWMHWMQWAreaMeas.DateComment10.130.651.161.972.6120.2606/06/2022
HEADSAIL
IdHHBHUWHTWHHWHQWHLPHLUBtnFlyingFTAreaMeas.DateComment20.070.641.232.453.745.0812.12NoNo 30.3206/06/2022
SYMMETRIC SPINNAKER
IdSLUSLESLSHWSFLAreaMeas.DateComment412.8412.8412.846.846.4972.4406/06/202239.739.739.735.175.0041.6406/06/2022
CRUISER/RACER REQUIREMENTS*
Accommodation length9.5 mTable area0.44 m²Headroom1.67 mMinimum number of berths4Personal gear stowage0.16 m³Fresh water capacity70 lMinimum number of seats in cockpit4Food stowage0.24 m³Fuel capacity40 lCabin soleStovesSinksGalley gear stowageToiletWash basinNavigation areaHanging locker
*This list is a summary of the requirements. See IMS Appendix 1 for details.